Conservation of the endemic Pyrenean newt (Calotriton asper) in the age of invasive species: interlake dispersal and colonisation dynamics

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Design, Simulation and fabrication of a 5G microwave circuit

2017/201

Efecto de la introducción de peces en la conservación de anfibios y crustáceos de lagos de alta montaña

Este capítulo contiene 16 páginas, 11 figuras y una tabla.La introducción de especies invasoras es un aspecto determinante relacionado con el cambio global que incide en la conservación de los ecosistemas. Actualmente, la gestión para la conservación (e.g., Parques Nacionales) se enfrenta a las incertidumbres creadas con la aparición de nuevas especies introducidas por el hombre, sobre todo las que pasan a desarrollar un papel clave en los ecosistemas. Para poder tomar políticas de gestión correctas es necesario conocer con detalle cuál es el impacto de estas especies y su papel en el ecosistema. Los lagos del Parque Nacional de Aigüestortes y Estany de Sant Maurici han sufrido la introducción de peces llegando a tener en la actualidad un 62% de lagos afectados. El objetivo general del proyecto fue estudiar el efecto de la introducción de peces en las comunidades planctónicas y bentónicas de los lagos de alta montaña del Parque Nacional. Para llevar a cabo tal objetivo nos centramos en el estudio de dos grupos de organismos indicadores, los crustáceos del plancton y los anfibios. Los resultados obtenidos nos muestran que los peces son el factor principal que explica la presencia de la mayor parte de las especies de anfibios en los lagos. En cambio el efecto de los peces sobre la presencia de crustáceos planctónicos se limita a las especies de mayor tamaño, afectando principalmente la biodiversidad y especialmente la abundancia de los crustáceos, que disminuye con la presencia de peces. La desaparición de los anfibios en los lagos con peces provoca un efecto en cascada cambiando biomasa y composición de las algas y procariotas (bacterias y arqueas) que viven en la superfície de las piedras del litoral de los lagos.Peer reviewe

Multi-sensor observations of an elevated rotor during a mountain wave event in the Eastern Pyrenees

The 15 January 2017 a strong northerly synoptic flow lead to the generation of mountain waves and heavy snowfall over the eastern Pyrenees, particularly over the Cerdanya valley near the border between France, Spain and Andorra. Measurements from several instruments deployed during the Cerdanya-2017 field campaign and satellite imagery revealed the presence of mountain waves and the formation of an associated rotor underneath the first mountain wave crest. The evolution and location of the mountain waves were studied using high temporal resolution data from a UHF wind-profiler and a vertically pointing K-band Doppler radar, separated a few kilometres in horizontal distance. A mountain wave with a wavelength about 18 km was detected in the morning and shortened slightly in the afternoon when a transient rotor, elevated approximately 140 m above the ground, was formed, disconnected from the surface flow. A strong turbulence zone was identified at the upper edge of the mountain wave, above the rotor, a feature observed in previous studies. The mountain wave and rotor induced circulation was favoured by the valley shape and the second mountain ridge location, in addition to the weak and variable winds, established during the sunset close to the valley surface.The Cerdanya-2017 field campaign is a research effort organised by the University of the Balearic Islands, the University of Barcelona, METEO-FRANCE and the Meteorological Service of Catalonia. It is funded by the Spanish projects CGL2015-65627-C3-1-R,CGL2015-65627-C3-2-R (MINECO/FEDER), CGL2016-81828-REDT and RTI2018-098693-B-C32 (AEI/FEDER)

High Evolutionary Potential Maintained in Common Frog ( Rana temporaria ) Populations Inhabiting Urban Drainage Ponds

Urbanisation leading to habitat change and fragmentation is a recognised global threat to biodiversity. However, it may also offer opportunities for some species. Genetic diversity, one of the three components of biodiversity, is often overlooked in conservation planning and policy. In the present study, we used a panel of seven microsatellite markers to compare the genetic structure of 34 common frog (Rana temporaria) populations residing in urban and suburban drainage ponds in Inverness (Scotland) with populations from rural surroundings. As a main finding, the levels of genetic variation were indiscernible between (sub)urban and rural populations. Significant isolation-by-distance was observed only for rural populations, with measures of pairwise genetic differentiation (Fst) that were, on average, lower than those in urban and suburban areas. The mean numbers of alleles remained stable between two temporal sets of samples collected at intervals broadly representing one R. temporaria generation, but with a tendency of decreasing allelic richness, irrespectively of the site characteristics. Taking these results together, our study revealed that the elevated levels of differentiation between R. temporaria populations inhabiting (sub)urban drainage ponds did not lead to increased levels of genetic erosion. Our findings support the importance of well-designed blue–green infrastructure in urban landscapes for the retention of within-species genetic diversity and can help to inform future biodiversity management policies

Acute Heart Failure in the 2021 ESC Heart Failure Guidelines: a scientific statement from the Association for Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC) of the European Society of Cardiology.

The current European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure Guidelines are the most comprehensive ESC document covering heart failure to date; however, the section focused on acute heart failure remains relatively too concise. Although several topics are more extensively covered than in previous versions, including some specific therapies, monitoring and disposition in the hospital, and the management of cardiogenic shock, the lack of high-quality evidence in acute, emergency, and critical care scenarios, poses a challenge for providing evidence-based recommendations, in particular when by comparison the data for chronic heart failure is so extensive. The paucity of evidence and specific recommendations for the general approach and management of acute heart failure in the emergency department is particularly relevant, because this is the setting where most acute heart failure patients are initially diagnosed and stabilized. The clinical phenotypes proposed are comprehensive, clinically relevant and with minimal overlap, whilst providing additional opportunity for discussion around respiratory failure and hypoperfusion.F.P. has received research grants from Abbott, Becton Dickenson, Brainbox, Calcimedica, CSL Behring, Cue, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Relypsa, Roche, Salix, Siemens. Consultant: Abbott, Astra-Zeneca, Beckman, Bosch, Fast Biomedical, Forrest Devices, Ischemia Care, Dx, Instrument Labs, Janssen, Nabriva, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Osler, Relypsa, Roche, Quidel, Salix, Siemens, Upstream and has stock/ownership interests in AseptiScope Inc, Brainbox Inc, Braincheck Inc, Coagulo Inc, Comprehensive Research Associates LLC, Comprehensive Research Management Inc, Emergencies in Medicine LLC, Fast Inc, Forrest Devices, Ischemia DX LLC, Lucia Inc, Prevencio Inc, ScPharma, Trivirum Inc, Upstream Inc. E.P.’ employer has received support from Novartis for consulting work and she has consulted for scPharmaceuticals outside of the submitted work. She has received research support from the NIH (R01HL148439).S

High Evolutionary Potential Maintained in Common Frog (Rana temporaria) Populations Inhabiting Urban Drainage Ponds

Urbanisation leading to habitat change and fragmentation is a recognised global threat to biodiversity. However, it may also offer opportunities for some species. Genetic diversity, one of the three components of biodiversity, is often overlooked in conservation planning and policy. In the present study, we used a panel of seven microsatellite markers to compare the genetic structure of 34 common frog (Rana temporaria) populations residing in urban and suburban drainage ponds in Inverness (Scotland) with populations from rural surroundings. As a main finding, the levels of genetic variation were indiscernible between (sub)urban and rural populations. Significant isolation-by-distance was observed only for rural populations, with measures of pairwise genetic differentiation (Fst) that were, on average, lower than those in urban and suburban areas. The mean numbers of alleles remained stable between two temporal sets of samples collected at intervals broadly representing one R. temporaria generation, but with a tendency of decreasing allelic richness, irrespectively of the site characteristics. Taking these results together, our study revealed that the elevated levels of differentiation between R. temporaria populations inhabiting (sub)urban drainage ponds did not lead to increased levels of genetic erosion. Our findings support the importance of well-designed blue–green infrastructure in urban landscapes for the retention of within-species genetic diversity and can help to inform future biodiversity management policies

High mountain lakes: extreme habitats and witnesses of environmental changes.

33 páginas, 14 figuras, 3 tablas.[EN]High mountain lakes offer research opportunities beyond what could be expected from their quantitative relevance in the Earth system. In this article we present a brief summary of the research carried out in the lakes of the Pyrenees in the last twenty years by the group of limnology of the Centre for High Mountain Research (CRAM) of the University of Barcelona. The studies can be included in three main topics: life in extreme conditions, catchment-lake relationships and environmental changes.[ES]Los lagos de montaña ofrecen oportunidades de estudio que van mucho más allá de lo que su disposición en el territorio y abundancia pudieran sugerir. En este artículo presentamos un breve resumen de los temas que hemos abordado a lo largo de poco más de veinte años de investigación en los lagos de los Pirineos por parte del grupo de limnología del Centro de Investigaciones de Alta Montaña (CRAM) de la Universidad de Barcelona. Los estudios se enmarcan fundamentalmente en tres líneas generales: la vida en condiciones extremas, las relaciones cuenca-lago y los cambios ambientales.Peer reviewe

Early intravenous nitroglycerin use in prehospital setting and in the emergency department to treat patients with acute heart failure: Insights from the EAHFE Spanish registry

Background and objective: Although recommended for the treatment of acute heart failure (AHF), the use of intravenous (IV) nitroglycerin (NTG) is supported by scarce and contradicting evidence. In the current analysis, we have assessed the impact of IV NTG administration by EMS or in emergency department (ED) on outcomes of AHF patients. Methods: We analyze AHF patients included by 45 hospitals that were delivered to ED by EMS. Patients were grouped according to whether treatment with IV NTG was started by EMS before ED admission (preED-NTG), during the ED stay (ED-NTG) or were untreated with IV NTG (no-NTG, control group). In-hospital, 30-day and 365-day all-cause mortality, prolonged hospitalization (>7 days) and 90-day post-discharge combined adverse events (ED revisit, hospitalization or death) were compared in EMS-NTG and ED-NTG respect to control group. Results: We included 8424 patients: preED-NTG = 292 (3.5%), ED-NTG = 1159 (13.8%) and no-NTG = 6973 (82.7%). preED-NTG group had the most severely decompensated cases of AHF (p < 0.001) but it had lower inhospital (OR = 0.724, 95%CI = 0.459-1.114), 30-day (HR = 0.818, 0.576-1.163) and 365-day mortality (HR = 0.692, 0.551-0.869) and 90-day post-discharge events (HR = 0.795, 0.643-0.984) than control group. ED-NTG group had mortalities similar to control group (in-hospital: OR = 1.164, 0.936-1.448; 30-day: HR = 0.980, 0.819-1.174; 365-day: HR = 0.929, 0.830-1.039) but significantly decreased 90-day post-discharge events (HR = 0.870, 0.780-0.970). Prolonged hospitalization rate did not differ among groups. Five different analyses confirmed these findings

Eliminación de peces introducidos como medida de restauración de lagos de alta montaña

E. Carrillo, J. Ninot, T. Buchaca and M. Ventura. Blanes, LIFE+ LIMNOPIRINEUS Technical OfficeEntre los objetivos del proyecto LIFE+ LimnoPirineus (2014-2019) figuraban la restauración ecológica de ocho lagos pirenaicos y la recuperación o mejora de las poblaciones de diversas especies de interés comunitario de estos lagos, mediante la erradicación o el control intensivo de peces introducidos de hasta cuatro especies. En la mayor parte de lagos el objetivo operativo ha sido la erradicación, mientras que tan solo en uno de ellos el objetivo pasaba simplemente por llevar a cabo un control intensivo hasta alcanzar al menos una reducción del 75 % de la población inicial. A finales de 2019, estos objetivos se han alcanzado completamente para cinco de los lagos de actuación, mientras que en los otros tres lagos están cerca de alcanzarse, cosa que sucederá probablemente antes de finales de 2020. Se han puesto a punto métodos de extracción de peces basados en la combinación de hasta tres técnicas de captura principales: redes, trampas y pesca eléctrica. Se demuestra que la erradicación de los peces es factible en muchos lagos de alta montaña con una inversión suficiente en medios materiales y humanos, y con una adecuada planificación de las operaciones. Cuando no es factible la erradicación, el control intensivo mediante un esfuerzo sostenible en el tiempo es también una alternativa que cabe considerar a medio plazo.Peer reviewe