Electromagnetic power and momentum in N-body hamiltonian approach to wave-particle dynamics in a periodic structure

To model momentum exchange in nonlinear wave-particle interaction, as in amplification devices like traveling-wave tubes, we use an $N$-body self-consistent hamiltonian description based on Kuznetsov's discrete model, and we provide new formulations for the electromagnetic power and the conserved momentum. This approach leads to fast and accurate numerical simulations in time domain and in one dimensional space

The trouble in judging a country’s financial health by the size of its debt

In the second quarter of 2018 global debt reached a new peak, climbing to 260 trillion dollars ($260,000 billion). At the same time, the global debt to GDP ratio crossed the 320 per cent threshold for the first time. Of that total, 61 per cent (160 trillion) is private debt of the non-financial sector, while only 23 per cent is represented by much vilified government debt

Calidad educativa universitaria y satisfacción del estudiantado en una universidad nacional de Huancavelica, 2022

Este estudio se ejecutó con el objetivo de establecer la relación entre calidad educativa universitaria y satisfacción del estudiantado en una universidad nacional de Huancavelica, 2022. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo correlacional, con diseño no experimental. La muestra fue censal conformándose por 11 mujeres y 59 hombres matriculados del primer ciclo periodo 2022-I; este trabajo tuvo un muestreo no probabilístico y accidental. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios de calidad educativa universitaria con sustento científico en CINDA (2012) y de satisfacción del estudiantado con fundamento teórico en Mejías y Martínez (2009). Los cuestionarios fueron validados con la V de Aiken. Para determinar la confiabilidad de los mismos se empleó el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach estimándose un valor de .976 en calidad educativa universitaria y de .974 en satisfacción del estudiantado. Los resultados de esta investigación indican un coeficiente de correlación según Rho de Spearman de .937 que señala un nivel de correlación positiva perfecta indicando la relación entre calidad educativa universitaria y satisfacción del estudiantado

Electromagnetic pulse emission from target holders during short-pulse laser interactions

For the first time, a global model of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) emission connects charge separation in the laser target to quantitative measurements of the electromagnetic field. We present a frequency-domain dipole antenna model which predicts the quantity of charge accumulated in a laser target as well as the EMP amplitude and frequency. The model is validated against measurements from several high-intensity laser facilities, providing insight into target physics and informing the design of next-generation ultra-intense laser facilities. EMP amplitude is proportional to the total charge accumulated on the target, but we demonstrate that it is not directly affected by target charging time (and therefore the laser pulse duration), provided the charging time is shorter than the antenna characteristic time. We propose two independent methods for estimating the charging time based on the laser pulse duration. We also investigate the impact of target holder geometry on EMPs using cylindrical, conical, and helical holders

Benralizumab improves patient reported outcomes and functional parameters in difficult-to-treat patients with severe asthma: Data from a real-life cohort

In the last decade, an increasing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on biologic therapy in patients with severe asthma have included patient-reported outcomes (PROs) as secondary efficacy measures. The majority of these RCTs showed a benefit in symptoms and quality of life. However, the magnitude of this benefit remains uncertain, because it rarely exceeded the minimal important difference (MID), owing to a significant improvement in the control group (placebo effect). Real-life studies on biologic therapies assessing PRO are scarce. They may support and integrate RCT results through their different experimental design. This real-life retrospective study provides data on 15 patients with difficult-to-treat severe eosinophilic asthma treated with benralizumab up to 6 months. Asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) and asthma control test (ACT) were assessed and administered at each visit to minimize the Hawthorne effect. Changes in general accepted efficacy measures, such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flux (PEF), exacerbation rate and blood eosinophils, from baseline were also assessed. AQLQ and ACT improved from 3.9 ± 0.4 to 5.2 ± 0.4 and from15.6 ± 5.7 to 18.1 ± 5.6, respectively. FEV1 increased of about 250 ml (+14%). PEF increased from 288 ± 107 to 333 ± 133 l/min. The number of exacerbations requiring OCS courses decreased from 2.8 ± 2.2 to 0.5 ± 0.8. Eosinophil counts dropped to 25.6 ± 15 cells/microliter. In conclusion, most patients reported improvements in AQLQ and ACT greater than MID, suggesting that these outcome represent a sensitive tool in real-life effectiveness studies. Our approach reduced the limitations of transition questions and the Hawthorne effect, increasing findings reliability

Osteoporosis in adult with Marfan syndrome: casuality or causality?

Nearly 100 years ago, Antoine Marfan first described a recurrent systemic disorder of connective tissue characterized by overgrowth of the long bones (1). It took an additional 50 years before ocular and cardiovascular manifestations were associated with this disorder, now termed Marfan syndrome (MFS). MFS is an inherited connective tissue disorder transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. This relatively common genetic condition affects approximately 2 to 3 per 10,000 individuals, without a particular gender, racial, geographic, or ethnic predilection (2). The disorder results from mutations in the fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene located on chromosome 15q21.1(3). Approximately 15% of cases occur in the absence of a family history, representing new mutations; infact to date, over 550 mutations have been identified in patients with MFS and related connective tissue diseases. However, about a half of MFS cases do not possess mutations in the FBN1 gene..