Application of Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry to Analytical Science

This work concerns a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer, PTR-TOF-MS, a bespoke model manufactured by Kore Technology Ltd. for Smiths Detection. This instrument achieves 'soft' ionization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by proton transfer from protonated water vapour in a reaction chamber at 1 mbar (= 100 Pa). The resulting ions are separated by mass in a field-free time-of-flight tube prior to detection by a multi-channel plate. The instrument was modified to facilitate direct determination of the electric field in the reaction chamber. Sensitivity measurements determined a value of 4-6 counts per second per parts per billion by volume (ncps ppbv-1) normalised to 106 H3O+. The calibration gas mixture used in this investigation consisted of 14 compounds, (alkylbenzenes and chlorobenzenes) spanning an m/z range of 78 to 180. Each of these was separately investigated over E/N = 90 to 245 Td to establish fragmentation behaviour and possible interfering contributions. For example, several of the alkylbenzenes fragmented to product ions occurring at m/z 79, the same value as that of protonated benzene. Most of this occurred at the higher E/N values with ethylbenzene a notable exception. The isobaric compounds ethyl benzene and the xylenes exhibit very different fragmentation patterns so enabling differentiation of these two compounds. However, it is not possible to distinguish the individual xylene isomers using this method. Benchmarking was continued using the hexenol compounds cis-3-, cis-2-, trans-3- and trans-2-hexen-1-ols. This work demonstrated that the same four product ions are seen for all of the hexenol isomers at m/z 39 (C3H3+), 41 (C3H5+), 55 (C4H7+) and 83 (C6H11+) when reacted with H3O+ in a PTR-TOF-MS. A characteristic peak at m/z 99 was seen in trans-2-hexen-1-ol and cis-2-hexen-1-ol at low E/N values (m/z 101, is absent. In trans-3-hexen-1-ol and cis-3-hexen-1-ol the MH+ ion at m/z 101 is seen at these lower E/N values but there is no product ion at m/z 99. This suggests a possible method for distinguishing between the 2- and 3-hexenols. It may also be possible to further identify the individual isomers from the differences in the percentage yield of these product ions

Mothers of children with congenital heart defects: the effects of ethnicity and education on perceptions, attitudes and feelings; (Implications for social work practice)

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University, 196

Publarians and Lubishers: Role Bending in the New Scholarly Communications Ecosystem

It has been said that the work of publishers and librarians will merge over time until we are all publarians and lublishers. Do we still envision a shared future? As new publishing programs within libraries and experimental publisher-library collaborations continue to challenge us to move outside of our comfort zones, are we learning from each other? What are some practical, down-to-earth ways that we can take advantage of each other’s expertise? How can we produce and market scholarly content in a more integrated way to meet the needs of scholars in a digital-information ecosystem, without duplicating effort on separate tracks? How might we address sustainability through combined, hybrid business models? In this session, some experienced experimenters and role benders in the world of the humanities will share lessons learned and attempt to chart a way forward to a shared future

Clinician care priorities and practices in the fourth trimester: perspective from a California survey.

BACKGROUND: Professional societies such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) promote the idea that postpartum care is an ongoing process where there is adequate opportunity to provide services and support. Nonetheless, in practice, the guidelines ask clinicians to perform more clinical responsibilities than they might be able to do with limited time and resources. METHODS: We conducted an online survey among practicing obstetric clinicians (obstetrician/gynecologists (OB/GYNs), midwives, and family medicine doctors) in California about their priorities and care practices for the first postpartum visit and explored how they prioritize multiple clinical responsibilities within existing time and resources. Between September 2023 and February 2024, 174 out of 229 eligible participants completed the survey, a 76% response rate. From a list of care components, we used descriptive statistics to identify those that were highly prioritized by most clinicians and those that were considered a priority by very few and examined the alignment between prioritized components and recommended care practices. RESULTS: Clinicians were highly invested in the care components that they rated as most important, indicating that they always check these components or assess them when they perceive patient need. Depression and anxiety, breast health/breast feeding issues, vaginal birth complications and family planning counseling were highly ranked components by all clinicians. In contrast, clinicians more often did not assess those care components that infrequently ranked highly among the priority listing, consisting mainly of social drivers of health such as screening and counseling for intimate partner violence, working conditions and food/housing insecurity. In both instances, we found little discordance between priorities and care practices. However, OB/GYNs and midwives differed in some care components that they prioritized highly. CONCLUSIONS: While there is growing understanding of how important professional society recommendations are for maternal-infant health, clinicians face barriers completing all recommendations, especially those components related to social drivers of health. However, what the clinicians do prioritize highly, they are likely to perform. Now that Medi-Cal (Medicaid) insurance is available in California for up to 12 months postpartum, there is a need to understand what care clinicians provide and what gaps remain

Prospectus, February 3, 1975

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Expression of Cellulosome Components and Type IV Pili within the Extracellular Proteome of Ruminococcus flavefaciens 007

Funding: The Rowett Institute receives funding from SG-RESAS (Scottish Government Rural and Environmental Science and Analysis Service). Visit of M.V. was supported by research grants from FEMS and Slovene human resources development and scholarship funds. Parts of this work were funded by grants from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel – BSF Energy Research grant to E.A.B. and B.A.W. and Regular BSF Research grants to R.L. and B.A.W. – and by the Israel Science Foundation (grant nos 966/09 and 159/07 291/08). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Mainstreaming domestic and gender-based violence into sociology and the criminology of violence

Sociological and criminological views of domestic and gender-based violencegenerally either dismiss it as not worthy of consideration, or focus on specificgroups of offenders and victims (male youth gangs, partner violence victims). Inthis paper, we take a holistic approach to violence, extending the definition fromthat commonly in use to encompass domestic violence and sexual violence. Weoperationalize that definition by using data from the latest sweep of the CrimeSurvey for England and Wales. By so doing, we identify that violence is currentlyunder-measured and ubiquitous; that it is gendered, and that other forms of violence (family violence, acquaintance violence against women) are equally ofconcern. We argue that violence studies are an important form of activity forsociologists