ТЕМПЕРАТУРНІ РЕЖИМИ ЗОН ЗВОРОТНИХ ТОКІВ У БЛИЖНЬОМУ СЛІДІ ЦИЛІНДРИЧНИХ СТАБІЛІЗАТОРІВ ПОЛУМ'Я

The results of experimental studies of the temperature regimes of the back flow zones behind the cylindrical flame stabilizers of microjet burners are presented. The authors have considered a burner device, which is a circular channel with a cylindrical stabilizer placed in it. Circular openings for feeding fuel gas (propane-butane) into the blowing air flow off are located in a circle on the stabilizer. To determine the sizes of the back flow zones in the regions astern of the stabilizer, a method of visualizing the flow using sodium salts was used. The temperature measurement in the back flow zone was carried out by the chromel-alumel thermocouple. The regularities of the influence on the length of the back flows zones and the temperatures in these zones of such regime parameters of the combustion process as the value of the air flow velocity at the inlet to the channel and the air excess coefficient are analysed. Particular attention is paid to the study of the features of the change in the heat state and the length of the back flow zones as a function of the magnitude of the relative pitch of disposition of the gas-supply openings. An increase in the relative pitch of the gas-supplying openings and the air excess coefficient is shown to lead to a decrease in the length of the back flow zones, and an increase in the airflow velocity, on the contrary, increases this length. The influence of the relative pitch of disposition of the gas is noted to supply openings related to the fact that its growth leads to an increase in the injecting action of the fuel gas jets, which consists in a greater attraction of ambient air to the fuel jets. This in turn leads to an additional increase in the degree of rarefaction in the back flows zone beyond the stabilizer, and then to a decrease in the length of this zone. The dependence of the length of the back flow zone on the magnitude of the relative pitch of the gas supply openings is observed to be significant only at relatively high values of the air excess coefficient. With an increase in this pitch and the air-flow velocity, the maximum values of the temperatures are defined to increase. An increase in the air excess coefficient is considered to lead to a drop in maximum temperatures in the back flows zone. The results of the completed studies can be used in energy practice in the design of burner devices for fuel combustion equipment with relatively low power, when it is necessary to ensure the uniformity of heat supply over the fire space.Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень теплового стану мікрофакельних пальникових пристроїв з циліндричними стабілізаторами полум'я. Встановлено особливості формування температурних режимів і геометричних характеристик зон зворотних токів у закормовій ділянці циліндричних стабілізаторів. Проаналізовано закономірності впливу конструктивних і режимних чинників на основні параметри процесу спалювання в розглядуваних пальникових пристроях. Наведено дані щодо залежності довжини зон зворотних токів у закормових ділянках циліндричних стабілізаторів полум'я та величини температур у них від таких режимних параметрів процесу спалювання, як величина швидкості потоку повітря на вході в канал і коефіцієнт надлишку повітря. Встановлено, що зі збільшенням швидкості повітряного потоку протяжність зони зворотних токів зростає, вплив же коефіцієнта надлишку повітря має протилежний характер: довжина зони зворотних токів і рівень температур у них зменшуються зі зростанням коефіцієнта надлишку повітря. Певну увагу приділено дослідженню особливостей зміни теплового стану і протяжності зон зворотних токів за стабілізаторами полум'я від величини відносного кроку розташування газоподавальних отворів. Зазначено, що з огляду на інжектуючу дію струмин паливного газу відбувається скорочення довжини зон зворотних токів зі збільшенням вказаного відносного кроку

Evaluating the Clinical Validity of Gene-Disease Associations: An Evidence-Based Framework Developed by the Clinical Genome Resource

Supplemental Data Supplemental Data include 65 figures and can be found with this article online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.04.015. Supplemental Data Document S1. Figures S1–S65 Download Document S2. Article plus Supplemental Data Download Web Resources ClinGen, https://www.clinicalgenome.org/ ClinGen Gene Curation, https://www.clinicalgenome.org/working-groups/gene-curation/ ClinGen Gene Curation SOP, https://www.clinicalgenome.org/working-groups/gene-curation/projects-initiatives/gene-disease-clinical-validity-sop/ ClinGen Knowledge Base, https://search.clinicalgenome.org/kb/agents/sign_up OMIM, http://www.omim.org/ Orphanet, http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/index.php With advances in genomic sequencing technology, the number of reported gene-disease relationships has rapidly expanded. However, the evidence supporting these claims varies widely, confounding accurate evaluation of genomic variation in a clinical setting. Despite the critical need to differentiate clinically valid relationships from less well-substantiated relationships, standard guidelines for such evaluation do not currently exist. The NIH-funded Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) has developed a framework to define and evaluate the clinical validity of gene-disease pairs across a variety of Mendelian disorders. In this manuscript we describe a proposed framework to evaluate relevant genetic and experimental evidence supporting or contradicting a gene-disease relationship and the subsequent validation of this framework using a set of representative gene-disease pairs. The framework provides a semiquantitative measurement for the strength of evidence of a gene-disease relationship that correlates to a qualitative classification: “Definitive,” “Strong,” “Moderate,” “Limited,” “No Reported Evidence,” or “Conflicting Evidence.” Within the ClinGen structure, classifications derived with this framework are reviewed and confirmed or adjusted based on clinical expertise of appropriate disease experts. Detailed guidance for utilizing this framework and access to the curation interface is available on our website. This evidence-based, systematic method to assess the strength of gene-disease relationships will facilitate more knowledgeable utilization of genomic variants in clinical and research settings

Parental Guidance Suggested: Engaging Parents as Partners in Research Studies of Genomic Screening for a Pediatric Population

Recent advances in genomic sequencing and genomic medicine are reshaping the landscape of clinical care. As a screening modality, genetic sequencing has the potential to dramatically expand the clinical utility of newborn screening (NBS), though significant barriers remain regarding ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) and technical and evidentiary challenges. Stakeholder-informed implementation research is poised to grapple with many of these barriers, and parents are crucial stakeholders in this process. We describe the formation and activities of a Community Research Board (CRB) composed of parents with diverse backgrounds assembled to participate in an ongoing research partnership with genomic and public health researchers at the University of North Carolina. The mission of the CRB is to provide insight into parental perspectives regarding the prospect of adding genomic sequencing to NBS and collaboratively develop strategies to ensure its equitable uptake. We describe how these contributions can improve the accessibility of research and recruitment methods and promote trust and inclusivity within diverse communities to maximize the societal benefit of population genomic screening in healthy children

Liver segmentation in MRI: a fully automatic method based on stochastic partitions

There are few fully automated methods for liver segmentation in magnetic resonance images (MRI) despite the benefits of this type of acquisition in comparison to other radiology techniques such as computed tomography (CT). Motivated by medical requirements, liver segmentation in MRI has been carried out. For this purpose, we present a new method for liver segmentation based on the watershed transform and stochastic partitions. The classical watershed over-segmentation is reduced using a marker-controlled algorithm. To improve accuracy of selected contours, the gradient of the original image is successfully enhanced by applying a new variant of stochastic watershed. Moreover, a final classifier is performed in order to obtain the final liver mask. Optimal parameters of the method are tuned using a training dataset and then they are applied to the rest of studies (17 datasets). The obtained results (a Jaccard coefficient of 0.91 +/- 0.02) in comparison to other methods demonstrate that the new variant of stochastic watershed is a robust tool for automatic segmentation of the liver in MRI. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.This work has been supported by the MITYC under the project NaRALap (ref. TSI-020100-2009-189), partially by the CDTI under the project ONCOTIC (IDI-20101153), by Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia Spain, Project Game Teen (TIN2010-20187) projects Consolider-C (SEJ2006-14301/PSIC), "CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, an initiative of ISCIII" and Excellence Research Program PROMETEO (Generalitat Valenciana. Conselleria de Educacion, 2008-157). We would like to express our gratitude to the Hospital Clinica Benidorm, for providing the MR datasets and to the radiologist team of Inscanner for the manual segmentation of the MR images.López-Mir, F.; Naranjo Ornedo, V.; Angulo, J.; Alcañiz Raya, ML.; Luna, L. (2014). Liver segmentation in MRI: a fully automatic method based on stochastic partitions. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 114(1):11-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.12.022S1128114

Newborn Sequencing in Genomic Medicine and Public Health

The rapid development of genomic sequencing technologies has decreased the cost of genetic analysis to the extent that it seems plausible that genome-scale sequencing could have widespread availability in pediatric care. Genomic sequencing provides a powerful diagnostic modality for patients who manifest symptoms of monogenic disease and an opportunity to detect health conditions before their development. However, many technical, clinical, ethical, and societal challenges should be addressed before such technology is widely deployed in pediatric practice. This article provides an overview of the Newborn Sequencing in Genomic Medicine and Public Health Consortium, which is investigating the application of genome-scale sequencing in newborns for both diagnosis and screening

Research on milk homogenization in the stream homogenizer with separate cream feeding

Homogenization, which is used in the technological schemes of production of most dairy products, is the most energyintensive of the processes of mechanical processing of milk. One promising way to increase the energy efficiency of homogenization is to use separate homogenization and to use a little-researched stream homogenizer with separate cream feeding. The principle of its action is to pre-divide milk into cream and skim milk, and feed the fat phase with a thin stream into the stream of skim milk. This creates the conditions for achieving the high value of the Weber criterion – the main factor in the dispersion of milk fat. The purpose of these researches is to conduct experimental studies and determine the energy consumption and quality of homogenization of milk after treatment in a stream homogenizer. To achieve this goal, a designed experimental setup was used. The dispersive indices of the milk emulsion were determined by computer analysis of micrographs of milk samples obtained with an optical microscope and a digital camera using Microsoft Office Excel and Microsoft Visual Studio C # software using the OpenCV Sharp library. As a result of experimental studies, the critical value of the Weber criterion for homogenization of milk was determined, which is 28. The regularities of dispersion of milk fat in a stream homogenizer with separate feeding of the fat phase have been established. It is determined that the milk treatment in the experimental homogenizer allows us to achieve an emulsion with an average size of fat globules of about 0.8 μm (at the level of valve homogenizers). The value of the homogenization coefficient is obtained for the disruption of the fat globule in the conditions: subject to a single effect on the emulsion, without the influence of vibration and cavitation. This homogenization coefficient equals 3300 m3/2.s-1

Brazilian cave heritage under siege

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

Approach to the accounting policies of enterprises and organizations in accordance with the rules of IFRS

У публікації досліджено питання правильного формування облікової політики у відповідності до вимог міжнародних стандартів фінансової звітності, яка має сприяти формуванню достовірної, повної, об'єктивної фінансової інформації про фінансовий стан і фінансові результати діяльності організації.The publication examines the issues of the correct formation of accounting policies in accordance with the requirements of international financial reporting standards, which should facilitate the formation of reliable, complete, objective financial information about the financial position and financial performance of the organization