Die Presse-und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Bundeswehr in Sachsen und Thüringen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Jägerbrigade 37 "Freistaat Sachsen"

Diese Arbeit soll auf der einen Seite die Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Bundeswehr als Teil der Informationsarbeit des Bundesministeriums der Verteidigung respektive der Bundeswehr darstellen. Auf der anderen Seite soll sie zeigen, welche Auswirkungen die Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Bundeswehr in dem Zeitraum von Oktober 2003 bis September 2006 am Beispiel der Jägerbrigade 37 in den lokalen und regionalen Printmedien in Sachsen und Thüringen tatsächlich hatte. Aus diesem Grund wurde für diese Diplomarbeit eine Erhebung alle erschienen Pressemitteilungen der Jägerbrigade 37 durchgeführt sowie in Form einer Medienresonanzanalyse die veröffentlichten lokalen und regionalen Presseartikel für sächsische und thüringische Printmedien ausgewertet. Zum Schluss sollen in einer Zusammenfassung diverse Vorschläge gemacht werden, wie die Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Bundeswehr in Sachsen und Thüringen verbessert werden kann und wo die Schwächen bzw. Stärken der geleisteten Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Jägerbrigade 37 lagen

SU(4) symmetry breaking revealed by magneto-optical spectroscopy in epitaxial graphene

Refined infrared magnetotransmission experiments have been performed in magnetic fields B up to 35 T on a series of multilayer epitaxial graphene samples. Following the main optical transition involving the n=0 Landau level (LL), we observe a new absorption transition increasing in intensity with magnetic fields B>26 T. Our analysis shows that this is a signature of the breaking of the SU(4) symmetry of the n=0 LL. Using a quantitative model, we show that the only symmetry-breaking scheme consistent with our experiments is a charge density wave (CDW)

Approaching the Dirac point in high mobility multi-layer epitaxial graphene

Multi-layer epitaxial graphene (MEG) is investigated using far infrared (FIR) transmission experiments in the different limits of low magnetic fields and high temperatures. The cyclotron-resonance like absorption is observed at low temperature in magnetic fields below 50 mT, allowing thus to probe the nearest vicinity of the Dirac point and to estimate the conductivity in nearly undoped graphene. The carrier mobility is found to exceed 250,000 cm$^2$/(V.s). In the limit of high temperatures, the well-defined Landau level (LL) quantization is observed up to room temperature at magnetic fields below 1 T, a phenomenon unique in solid state systems. A negligible increase in the width of the cyclotron resonance lines with increasing temperature indicates that no important scattering mechanism is thermally activated, supporting recent expectations of high room-temperature mobilities in graphene.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Health-Related Quality of Life after Adolescent Fractures of the Femoral Shaft Stabilized by a Lateral Entry Femoral Nail.

(1) Background: In adolescents, fractures of the femoral shaft that are not suitable for elastic-stable-intramedullary-nailing (ESIN), are challenging. We aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and complications in adolescents treated with intramedullary rodding using the adolescent lateral trochanteric entry femoral nail (ALFN), and to assess if HRQoL was associated with additional injuries. (2) Methods: We followed-up on 15 adolescents with a diaphyseal femoral fracture who were treated with an ALFN from 2004 to 2017. Patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire that includes the iHOT, Peds-QL, and the Pedi-IKDC. (3) Results: The ALFN was used as a primary method of fixation in 13 patients, and as a fixation for failed ESIN in two cases. All 15 fractures healed radiographically. One distal locking screw broke. After a mean follow-up of 2.8 years, the mean iHOT-12 was 14.0 (SD 15.4), PedsQL-function was 85.7 (SD 19.3), PedsQL-social-score was 86.2 (SD 12.5), and the mean Pedi-IKDC was 77.2 (SD 11.3). In patients where the femoral fracture was an isolated injury, the HRQoL-scores were consistently higher compared with patients who sustained additional injures. (4) Conclusions: Treating diaphyseal fractures in adolescents with an ALFN resulted in good radiographic outcomes in all our cases. HRQoL, as measured by the iHOT, PedsQL, and Pedi-IKDC, was good to excellent; but it was consistently inferior in patients with additional injuries. These results suggest that the ALFN is a good alternative when patients are not suitable for ESIN, and that the HRQoL of adolescents who were treated with an ALFN is mainly influenced by the presence of additional injures, and less by the fracture of the femur itself

Four-Wave Mixing in Landau-Quantized Graphene

International audienceFor Landau-quantized graphene, featuring an energy spectrum consisting of a series of nonequidis-tant Landau levels, theory predicts a giant resonantly-enhanced optical nonlinearity. We verify the nonlinearity in a degenerate time-integrated four-wave mixing (FWM) experiment in the mid-infrared spectral range, involving the Landau levels LL −1 , LL 0 and LL 1. A rapid dephasing of the optically induced microscopic polarization on a timescale shorter than the pulse duration (∼4 ps) is observed, while a complementary pump-probe experiment under the same experimental conditions reveals a much longer lifetime of the induced population. The FWM signal shows the expected field dependence with respect to lowest order perturbation theory for low fields. Saturation sets in for fields above ∼ 6 kV/cm. Furthermore, the resonant behavior and the order of magnitude of the third-order susceptibility are in agreement with theoretical calculations

Carrier dynamics in Landau-quantized graphene featuring strong Auger scattering

International audienceThe energy spectrum of common two-dimensional electron gases consists of a harmonic, i.e. equidistant ladder of Landau levels, thus preventing the possibility to optically address individual transitions. In graphene, however, due to its non-harmonic spectrum, individual levels can be addressed selectively. We report here the first time-resolved experiment directly pumping discrete Landau levels in graphene. Energetically degenerate Landau-level transitions from n =-1 to n = 0 and from n = 0 to n = 1 are distinguished by applying circularly polarized THz light. In agreement with our experimental results, an analysis based on microscopic theory shows that the zeroth Landau level is actually depleted by strong Auger scattering, even though it is optically pumped at the same time. Such a phenomenon has never been observed before in any system to our knowledge. The surprisingly strong electron-electron interaction responsible for this effect is directly evidenced through a sign reversal of the pump-probe signal

Activation of immune evasion machinery is a part of the process of malignant transformation of human cells.

Malignant transformation of human cells is associated with their re-programming which results in uncontrolled proliferation and in the same time biochemical activation of immunosuppressive pathways which form cancer immune evasion machinery. However, there is no conceptual understanding of whether immune evasion machinery pathways and expression of immune checkpoint proteins form a part of the process of malignant transformation or if they are triggered by T lymphocytes and natural killers (NK) attempting to attack cells which are undergoing or already underwent malignant transformation. To address this fundamental question, we performed experimental malignant transformation of BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelium cells and RC-124 non-malignant human kidney epithelial cells using bracken extracts containing carcinogenic alkaloid called ptaquiloside. This transformation led to a significant upregulation of cell proliferation velocity and in the same time led to a significant upregulation in expression of key immune checkpoint proteins - galectin-9, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1). Their increased expression levels were in line with upregulation of the levels and activities of HIF-1 transcription complex and transforming growth factor beta type 1 (TGF-β)-Smad3 signalling pathway. When co-cultured with T cells, transformed epithelial cells displayed much higher and more efficient immune evasion activity compared to original non-transformed cells. Therefore, this work resolved a very important scientific and clinical question and suggested that cancer immune evasion machinery is activated during malignant transformation of human cells regardless the presence of immune cells in microenvironment

ASL Citizen: A Community-Sourced Dataset for Advancing Isolated Sign Language Recognition

Sign languages are used as a primary language by approximately 70 million D/deaf people world-wide. However, most communication technologies operate in spoken and written languages, creating inequities in access. To help tackle this problem, we release ASL Citizen, the first crowdsourced Isolated Sign Language Recognition (ISLR) dataset, collected with consent and containing 83,399 videos for 2,731 distinct signs filmed by 52 signers in a variety of environments. We propose that this dataset be used for sign language dictionary retrieval for American Sign Language (ASL), where a user demonstrates a sign to their webcam to retrieve matching signs from a dictionary. We show that training supervised machine learning classifiers with our dataset advances the state-of-the-art on metrics relevant for dictionary retrieval, achieving 63% accuracy and a recall-at-10 of 91%, evaluated entirely on videos of users who are not present in the training or validation sets. An accessible PDF of this article is available at the following link: https://aashakadesai.github.io/research/ASLCitizen_arxiv_updated.pd

Chromosomal Heterogeneity of the G-401 Rhabdoid Tumor Cell Line: Unusual Partial 7p Trisomy

Rhabdoid tumor is a very aggressive and hardly curable pediatric malignancy. It commonly starts in the kidneys but also can occur in the brain, liver, and other organs. The treatment of this tumor usually involves a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Because this tumor is rare, there is still limited experience with a defined standard of care. Cytogenetic analysis is an important routine method to monitor chromosomal aberrations. We have analyzed metaphases of the G-401 rhabdoid tumor cell line. In these cells we have observed metaphases with derivative chromosome 12 arising from partial trisomy 7p. With increasing passage number the numbers of metaphases having this derivative chromosome 12 were found to be higher. In passage number 2 only one metaphase had this pathological chromosome 12. By passage number 10 and passage number 15 about 25 and 95% of this derivative chromosome 12 were found, respectively. We were able to subclone G-401 cells by limiting dilutions and successfully separated cells having apparently normal karyotypes from cells having derivative chromosome 12. Using the cell proliferation assay we showed that clones possessing the derivative chromosome 12 grew more rapidly than clones with normal chromosomes. The cell cycle analysis confirmed this observation. Overall, in this study we describe for the first time a 7p triplication in a rare rhabdoid tumor of kidney. Both types of clones described in this study could be used as a preclinical model to study the involvement of partial chromosome 7 alterations in the development of rhabdoid tumors

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonism attenuates endotoxaemia-induced muscle protein loss and lactate accumulation in rats

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone (Rosi) appears to provide protection against organ dysfunction during endotoxaemia. We examined the potential benefits of Rosi on skeletal muscle protein maintenance and carbohydrate metabolism during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxaemia. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either standard chow (control) or standard chow containing Rosi (8.5±0.1 mg.kg-1.day-1) for two weeks before and during 24 h continuous intravenous infusion of LPS (15 μg.kg-1.h-1) or saline. Rosi blunted LPS-induced increases in muscle tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA by 70% (P<0.05) and 64% (P<0.01), respectively. Furthermore, Rosi suppressed the LPS-induced reduction in phosphorylated AKT and phosphorylated Forkhead box O (FOXO) 1 protein, as well as the upregulation of muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1; P<0.01) mRNA, and the LPS-induced increase in 20S proteasome activity (P<0.05). Accordingly, LPS reduced the muscle protein:DNA ratio (~30%, P<0.001), which Rosi offset. Increased muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) mRNA (P<0.001) and muscle lactate accumulation (P<0.001) during endotoxaemia were suppressed by Rosi. Thus, pre-treatment with Rosi reduced muscle cytokine accumulation and blunted muscle protein loss and lactate accumulation during endotoxaemia, and at least in part by reducing activation of molecular events known to increase muscle protein breakdown and mitochondrial pyruvate use