Más allá del aula: la implicación de estudiantes y alumni en procesos de investigación científico-divulgativa, expresión artístico-conceptual e intervención micro social

Este proyecto continúa el que, con el mismo título y objetivos, se concedió el año pasado, y que ha tenido un elevado éxito de participación entre estudiantes y egresados de la UCM y de otras universidades españolas. Mi experiencia en los 13 años de docencia en cuatro universidades, tanto de titularidad pública como privada, me han mostrado que los estudiantes suelen responder de forma positiva a las sugerencias de profundización reflexiva y crítica, y a la apertura al cuestionamiento de las ideas y creencias heredadas; rasgos básicos de la búsqueda del conocimiento y de la actividad universitaria. Sin embargo, hay tres condiciones para que eso ocurra: (a) primero, hace falta que el profesorado motive, incentive y acompañe a los estudiantes con esas inquietudes durante el curso para que puedan ejercerlas allí donde ellos no podrían por sí solos; (b) segundo, suele ocurrir que esos estudiantes (igual que los demás) cuando se gradúan, pierden el contacto con la universidad y, al ingresar en el mundo laboral, pierden esas inquietudes más intelectuales que les motivaban durante sus años de estudiantes, debido a la lejanía de profesor y lugares donde poder continuarlas; (c) tercero, hay que saber comprender que cada estudiante manifiesta esas inquietudes reflexivas y críticas de formas distintas: especialmente yo he detectado tres dimensiones: (c.1) la más clásica académica, a través de la escritura, el gusto por los debates, seminarios, interés en publicar, etc. (c.2.) otra más de intervención social, pero en el caso de los universitarios, es una intervención social guiada a la vez por motivos prácticos e intelectuales; suelen ser estudiantes que no expresan sus reflexiones intelectuales a través de los medios académicos tradicionales, sino con acciones más prácticas; (c.3) hay finalmente otros alumnos para los que lo intelectual-reflexivo y el mundo de las ideas cobra vida expresiva a través del arte: sea la narrativa, la pintura, escritura, montajes, cortos, etc.; igual que en el caso anterior, estos alumnos conciben lo intelectual como algo que se manifiesta en lo práctico, pero en vez de en la transformación social, en el arte

Transfer of SCN1A to the brain of adolescent mouse model of Dravet syndrome improves epileptic, motor, and behavioral manifestations

Dravet syndrome is a genetic encephalopathy characterized by severe epilepsy combined with motor, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities. Current antiepileptic drugs achieve only partial control of seizures and provide little benefit on the patient’s neurological development. In >80% of cases, the disease is caused by haploinsufficiency of the SCN1A gene, which encodes the alpha subunit of the Nav1.1 voltage-gated sodium channel. Novel therapies aim to restore SCN1A expression in order to address all disease manifestations. We provide evidence that a high-capacity adenoviral vector harboring the 6-kb SCN1A cDNA is feasible and able to express functional Nav1.1 in neurons. In vivo, the best biodistribution was observed after intracerebral injection in basal ganglia, cerebellum, and prefrontal cortex. SCN1A A1783V knockin mice received the vector at 5 weeks of age, when most neurological alterations were present. Animals were protected from sudden death, and the epileptic phenotype was attenuated. Improvement of motor performance and interaction with the environment was observed. In contrast, hyperactivity persisted, and the impact on cognitive tests was variable (success in novel object recognition and failure in Morris water maze tests). These results provide proof of concept for gene supplementation in Dravet syndrome and indicate new directions for improvement

Aprendizaje colaborativo: Tutorías colaborativas y otras experiencias basadas en la cooperación y el apoyo mutuo entre estudiantes

Memoria del Proyecto de innovación Innova docencia de la convocatoria de 2019-20, consistente en la aplicación de una experiencia de aprendizaje colaborativo a partir de un sistema de tutorías colaborativas en 5 asignaturas de Grado de 4 facultades de la UCM. Asimismo, se realizó otra experiencia de trabajo colaborativo entre estudiantes y profesor en dos asignaturas del Máster Oficial en Comunicación Social de la UCM

Death and the Societies of Late Antiquity

Ce volume bilingue, comprenant un ensemble de 28 contributions disponibles en français et en anglais (dans leur version longue ou abrégée), propose d’établir un état des lieux des réflexions, recherches et études conduites sur le fait funéraire à l’époque tardo-antique au sein des provinces de l’Empire romain et sur leurs régions limitrophes, afin d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives sur ses évolutions possibles. Au cours des trois dernières décennies, les transformations considérables des méthodologies déployées sur le terrain et en laboratoire ont permis un renouveau des questionnements sur les populations et les pratiques funéraires de l’Antiquité tardive, période marquée par de multiples changements politiques, sociaux, démographiques et culturels. L’apparition de ce qui a été initialement désigné comme une « Anthropologie de terrain », qui fut le début de la démarche archéothanatologique, puis le récent développement d’approches collaboratives entre des domaines scientifiques divers (archéothanatologie, biochimie et géochimie, génétique, histoire, épigraphie par exemple) ont été décisives pour le renouvellement des problématiques d’étude : révision d’anciens concepts comme apparition d’axes d’analyse inédits. Les recherches rassemblées dans cet ouvrage sont articulées autour de quatre grands thèmes : l’évolution des pratiques funéraires dans le temps, l’identité sociale dans la mort, les ensembles funéraires en transformation (organisation et topographie) et les territoires de l’empire (du cœur aux marges). Ces études proposent un réexamen et une révision des données, tant anthropologiques qu’archéologiques ou historiques sur l’Antiquité tardive, et révèlent, à cet égard, une mosaïque de paysages politiques, sociaux et culturels singulièrement riches et complexes. Elles accroissent nos connaissances sur le traitement des défunts, l’emplacement des aires funéraires ou encore la structure des sépultures, en révélant une diversité de pratiques, et permettent au final de relancer la réflexion sur la manière dont les sociétés tardo-antiques envisagent la mort et sur les éléments permettant d’identifier et de définir la diversité des groupes qui les composent. Elles démontrent ce faisant que nous pouvons véritablement appréhender les structures culturelles et sociales des communautés anciennes et leurs potentielles transformations, à partir de l’étude des pratiques funéraires.This bilingual volume proposes to draw up an assessment of the recent research conducted on funerary behavior during Late Antiquity in the provinces of the Roman Empire and on their borders, in order to open new perspectives on its possible developments. The considerable transformations of the methodologies have raised the need for a renewal of the questions on the funerary practices during Late Antiquity, a period marked by multiple political, social, demographic and cultural changes. The emergence field anthropology, which was the beginning of archaeothanatology, and then the recent development of collaborative approaches between various scientific fields (archaeothanatology, biochemistry and geochemistry, genetics, history, epigraphy, for example), have been decisive. The research collected in this book is structured around four main themes: Evolution of funerary practices over time; Social identity through death; Changing burial grounds (organisation and topography); Territories of the Empire (from the heart to the margins). These studies propose a review and a revision of the data, both anthropological and archaeological or historical on Late Antiquity, and reveal a mosaic of political, social, and cultural landscapes singularly rich and complex. In doing so, they demonstrate that we can truly understand the cultural and social structures of ancient communities and their potential transformations, based on the study of funerary practices

Entrepreneurship Education: A New Product for New Social Needs

This study aims to analyze the role of university education in the development of entrepreneurial vocations among students, reconsidering the prevalent approach of higher education institutions in the generation of human capital for society. Specifically, we present some results of a comparison between students with high and low perceptions of entrepreneurship education in the university, analyzing the effect of this variable on their perceptions of self-efficacy to start a business, outcome expectations and preferences for self-employment. Results suggest the potential benefits of entrepreneurship education to give a better satisfaction to students' work needs in a current highly complex labor market.University marketing; entrepreneurship; higher education

The Credibility of Municipal Service and its Evaluation on the Citizen's Perception

The credibility of municipal services is a sort of psychological feeling, in other words, a sense of trust. The credibility has become a decisive factor for the transformation of municipal service and an important driving force of better quality in services and satisfaction in citizen. In this paper, we are trying to contribute for improving the relations between the small public local administrations and citizens across analysis of the link between quality and satisfaction, beside of analyzing how they relate to citizen's credibility on institutions. By means of opinions spilt by citizens, obtained results allow us to raise a series of public policies and offers for the improvement of administration service quality, which end up as directly satisfaction and credibility..credibility's; citizens; satisfaction; Quality

MICRO 2018 Fate and Impact of Microplastics: Knowledge, Actions and Solutions.

e-isbn: 978-84-09-06477-9CC-BY-NC-SAInternational audienc

Protected areas in the Atlantic facing the hazards of micro-plastic pollution: First diagnosis of three islands in the Canary Current.

International audience: Coastal zones and the biosphere as a whole show signs of cumulative degradation due to the use and disposal of plastics. To better understand the manifestation of plastic pollution in the Atlantic Ocean, we partnered with local communities to determine the concentrations of micro-plastics in 125 beaches on three islands in the Canary Current: Lanzarote, La Graciosa, and Fuerteventura. We found that, in spite of being located in highly-protected natural areas, all beaches in our study area are exceedingly vulnerable to micro-plastic pollution, with pollution levels reaching concentrations greater than 100g of plastic in 1l of sediment. This paper contributes to ongoing efforts to develop solutions to plastic pollution by addressing the questions: (i) Where does this pollution come from?; (ii) How much plastic pollution is in the world's oceans and coastal zones?; (iii) What are the consequences for the biosphere?; and (iv) What are possible solutions

GAT-3 Dysfunction Generates Tonic Inhibition in External Globus Pallidus Neurons in Parkinsonian Rodents.

International audienceThe external globus pallidus (GP) is a key GABAergic hub in the basal ganglia (BG) circuitry, a neuronal network involved in motor control. In Parkinson's disease (PD), the rate and pattern of activity of GP neurons are profoundly altered and contribute to the motor symptoms of the disease. In rodent models of PD, the striato-pallidal pathway is hyperactive, and extracellular GABA concentrations are abnormally elevated in the GP, supporting the hypothesis of an alteration of neuronal and/or glial clearance of GABA. Here, we discovered the existence of persistent GABAergic tonic inhibition in GP neurons of dopamine-depleted (DD) rodent models. We showed that glial GAT-3 transporters are downregulated while neuronal GAT-1 function remains normal in DD rodents. Finally, we showed that blocking GAT-3 activity in vivo alters the motor coordination of control rodents, suggesting that GABAergic tonic inhibition in the GP contributes to the pathophysiology of PD