Bisemivalues for bicooperative games

We introduce bisemivalues for bicooperative games and we also provide an interesting characterization of this kind of values by means of weighting coefficients in a similar way as it was given for semivalues in the context of cooperative games. Moreover, the notion of induced bisemivalues on lower cardinalities also makes sense and an adaptation of Dragan’s recurrence formula is obtained. For the particular case of (p, q)-bisemivalues, a computational procedure in terms of the multilinear extension of the game is given.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The Knowledge Absorptive Capacity to Improve the Cooperation and Innovation in the Firm

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to study the absorptive capacity types in the knowledge management literature and aims to understand how companies can strength their contexts of cooperation in order to innovate. Design/methodology/approach: A balanced panel of 1,220 firms that respond to the Survey of Business Strategies for a three-year period was used, which represents a total of 3,660 observations. Findings: The justification of absorptive capacity typology for an innovation efficiency process. The influence of the potential and realized absorptive capacity on new products is significant and causes effects on internal research and development in diverse way. The impact of the joint ventures, suppliers’ cooperation and customers’ cooperation are significant on absorptive capacity. Research limitations/implications: It would be interesting to extend the research to another innovation metrics as new organizational methods, new processes, new designs or new methods in the use of sales channels. Practical implications: The agreement of cooperation activities constitutes an important decision for the firm’s innovation. Companies must be conscious that while suppliers and customers’ cooperation are relevant cooperation actions to increase the internal research and development, joint ventures and customers’ cooperation are significant to the growth of the new products. Social implications: The types of absorptive capacity and internal research and development serve as mediating mechanisms between cooperative activities and innovative performance. Originality/value: This paper advances the literature on absorptive capacity by showing how firms use their positions of technological vigilance and management to form their capabilities, and subsequently, to enhance innovation outcomes. This study considers it is necessary to analyze the typology of the absorptive capacity that can allow managers to understand an innovation efficiency process in the cooperation context and make better decisions. The confluence of cooperation activities, absorptive capacity and organizational objectives in internal research and development obtain higher innovative results.Peer Reviewe

Lixiviación de agroquímicos en campos de golf bajo diferentes dotaciones de riego y sustratos

La contaminación por actividades agrícolas, que afecta tanto a aguas superficiales como subterráneas, es debida, fundamentalmente, a la aplicación de agua y nutrientes en cantidades mayores a las que las plantas pueden utilizar. En este sentido, los campos de golf pueden ser considerados como una actividad agrícola, en donde se cultiva césped de manera intensiva, con demandas de agua similares a la que se aplican en cultivos de cítricos, girasol y arroz y utilizándose grandes cantidades de fertilizantes, los cuales debido a su alta solubilidad, excesiva aplicación y prácticas de manejo poco eficientes se transportan a capas más profundas del suelo hasta alcanzar los acuíferos o se descargan en cuerpos de agua. En esta investigación se pretende hacer un análisis del transporte de los agroquímicos en un green experimental compuestos por distintos sustratos y bajo diferentes condiciones de riego, con ayuda de un modelo matemático que permita establecer las condiciones óptimas de funcionamiento de un green en un campo de golf. Para ello se tiene construido un green experimental en un campo de golf, ubicado en La Coma, Castellon de la Plana, España. Dicho green experimental, está conformado por 5 parcelas con un diseño constructivo diferente, en el cual se utilizan enmienda; y se cuenta con datos de riego, precipitación, EVT, fertilización y humedad al interior del green registrado por sensores. En este sentido, la presente investigación expone los resultados obtenidos de realizar balance de masas para los principales componente de los fertilizantes (nitrógeno y fósforo) en diferentes periodos de estudio definidos. Posteriormente se eligió un solo periodo en función de la disponibilidad y continuidad de datos, para simular el flujo de agua en las parcelas con HYDRUS-1D. Una vez obtenidos los resultados del balance de masas y de la simulación de flujo, se simuló el transporte de nitrógeno para la parcela que tiene doble enmienda y para la que carece de ella. Los resultados de estas actividades indican que la parcela enmendada con turba e hidrogel retiene la circulación de agua y con ello la disolución y lixiviación del nitrógeno y fósforo aportado por la fertilización y por lo tanto en los balance de masa es la que reporta los valores más bajos de lixiviado de nitrógeno y fósforo. Mientras que la parcela que carece de enmienda y está conformada en su totalidad por arena drena mas agua y con ello la disolución y lixiviación del nitrógeno y fósforo. Lo anterior se pudo comprobar en la simulación de flujo de agua en las parcelas del green experimental del campo de golf, destacando así que la parcela con doble enmienda drena menor cantidad de agua, mientras que la parcela compuesta solo por arena drena casi el doble del volumen de agua. Para el caso de la simulación del transporte para fosforo no se llevó a cabo debido a las bajas concentraciones lixiviadas que se registraron durante el balance de masas. Sin embargo, en el caso del transporte de nitrógeno, este se realizó para la parcela con doble enmienda y para la parcela compuesta en su totalidad por arena, ya que los resultados de eficiencia y estimación de drenaje en la simulación de flujo son los más adecuados. La parcela con doble enmienda destaca por registrar liberación mínima de nitrógeno y de manera atenuada, mientras que la parcela compuesta por el 100 % destaca por presentar los valores más altos de transporte de nitratos; todo lo anterior concuerda con la dinámica de flujo y mayor lixiviado de nitrato. Por tanto, las mejores condiciones de funcionamiento están en función del empleo de una doble enmienda, para la construcción de un green, así como para el uso y aprovechamiento máximo de fertilizante y agua, evitando así posibles infiltraciones a cuerpos de agua subterránea que pudieran causar problemas de contaminación

Un ejemplo de lecciones de danza como medio de expresión en Educación Infantil

Este Trabajo Fin de Grado presenta una intervención que consta de cuatro lecciones motrices en las cuales va a priorizar la libre expresión corporal para conseguir un acercamiento a la danza. Para ello, se sigue un proceso de investigación que se expone en el marco teórico para fundamentar la práctica llevada a cabo, y se presenta la metodología que recoge todo el proceso que se ha realizado para que sea posible la realización de este trabajo y unas conclusiones finales fruto del aprendizaje adquirido.Grado en Educación Infanti

The Owen and the Owen-Banzhaf values applied to the study of the Madrid Assembly and the Andalusian Parliament in legislature 2015-2019

This work focuses on the Owen value and the Owen-Banzhaf value, two classical concepts of solution defined on games with structure of coalition blocks. We provide a computation procedure for these solutions based on a method of double-level work obtained from the multilinear extension of the original game. Moreover, two applications to several possible political situations in the Madrid Assembly and the Andalusian Parliament (legislatures 2015-2019) are also given.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A method to calculate generalized mixed modified semivalues: application to the Catalan Parliament (legislature 2012-2016)

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11750-014-0356-6”.We focus on generalized mixed modified semivalues, a family of coalitional values. They apply to games with a coalition structure by combining a (induced) semivalue in the quotient game, but share within each union the payoff so obtained by applying different (induced) semivalues to a game that concerns only the players of that union. A computation procedure in terms of the multilinear extension of the original game is also provided and an application to the Catalan Parliament (legislature 2012-2016) is shownPeer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Traditional education vs modern education. What is the impact of teaching techniques' evolution on students learning process?

The main objective of this article is to focus on the analysis of teaching techniques, ranging from the use of the blackboard and chalk in old traditional classes, using slides and overhead projectors in the eighties and use of presentation software in the nineties, to the video, electronic board and network resources nowadays. Furthermore, all the aforementioned, is viewed under the different mentalities in which the teacher conditions the student using the new teaching technique, improving soft skills but maybe leading either to encouragement or disinterest, and including the lack of educational knowledge consolidation at scientific, technology and specific levels. In the same way, we study the process of adaptation required for teachers, the differences in the processes of information transfer and education towards the student, and even the existence of teachers who are not any longer appealed by their work due which has become much simpler due to new technologies and the greater ease in the development of classes due to the criteria described on the new Grade Programs adopted by the European Higher Education Area. Moreover, it is also intended to understand the evolution of students’ profiles, from the eighties to present time, in order to understand certain attitudes, behaviours, accomplishments and acknowledgements acquired over the semesters within the degree Programs. As an Educational Innovation Group, another key question also arises. What will be the learning techniques in the future?. How these evolving matters will affect both positively and negatively on the mentality, attitude, behaviour, learning, achievement of goals and satisfaction levels of all elements involved in universities’ education? Clearly, this evolution from chalk to the electronic board, the three-dimensional view of our works and their sequence, greatly facilitates the understanding and adaptation later on to the business world, but does not answer to the unknowns regarding the knowledge and the full development of achievement’s indicators in basic skills of a degree. This is the underlying question which steers the roots of the presented research

The history of technology in education. A comparative study and forecast

Area, launched in 1999 with the Bologna Declaration, has bestowed such a magnitude and unprecedented agility to the transformation process undertaken by European universities. However, the change has been more profound and drastic with regards to the use of new technologies both inside and outside the classroom. This article focuses on the study and analysis of the technology’s history within the university education and its impact on teachers, students and teaching methods. All the elements that have been significant and innovative throughout the history inside the teaching process have been analyzed, from the use of blackboard and chalk during lectures, the use of slide projectors and transparent slides, to the use of electronic whiteboards and Internet nowadays. The study is complemented with two types of surveys that have been performed among teachers and students during the school years 1999 - 2011 in the School of Civil Engineering at the Polytechnic University of Madrid. The pros and cons of each of the techniques and methodologies used in the learning process over the last decades are described, unfolding how they have affected the teacher, who has evolved from writing on a whiteboard to project onto a screen, the student, who has evolved from taking handwritten notes to download information or search the Internet, and the educational process, that has evolved from the lecture to acollaborative learning and project-based learning. It is unknown how the process of learning will evolve in the future, but we do know the consequences that some of the multimedia technologies are having on teachers, students and the learning process. It is our goal as teachers to keep ourselves up to date, in order to offer the student adequate technical content, while providing proper motivation through the use of new technologies. The study provides a forecast in the evolution of multimedia within the classroom and the renewal of the education process, which in our view, will set the basis for future learning process within the context of this new interactive era