26 research outputs found
Deep crustal faults and the origin and long-term flank stability of Mt. Etna : first results from the CIRCEE cruise (Oct. 2013)
The relation between deep crustal faults and the origin of Mount Etna, the largest and most active volcano in Europe has long been suspected due to its unusual geodynamic location. Results from a new marine geophysical survey offshore Eastern Sicily reveal the detailed geometry (location, length, dip and orientation) of a two-branched 200-km long, lithospheric scale fault system, long sought for as being the cause of Mount Etna. Using high-resolution bathymetry and seismic profiling, we image a 60-km long, previously unidentified, NW trending fault with evidence of recent displacement at the seafloor, offsetting Holocene sediments. This newly identified fault connects NE of Catania, to a known 40-km long, offshore-onshore fault system dissecting the southeastern flank of Mount Etna, generally interpreted as purely gravitational collapse structures.peer-reviewe
Afrika
Ä abra ta’ poeĹĽiji u proĹĽa li tinkludi: Kavallier ta’ Sergio Grech – Tiġrib ta’ Toni Aquilina – Kappella pprofanata ta’ Ä orġ Borg – Leħħiet ta’ Pawlu Aquilina – Fir-raqda ħadra ta’ Carmel Calleja – Epigrammi: X’dinja din! ta’ J. J. Camilleri – Karnival 1999 (Għawdex) ta’ Joe M. Attard – Ħarsti lejn l-art ta’ Ä orġ Zammit – Lill-mewt ta’ J. Zammit Tabona – Tifkira ta’ Lillian Sciberras – Lill-pitirross ta’ K. Vella Haber – Lill-irġiel miĹĽĹĽewġa ta’ Ä anni A. Cilia – Meta Hamlet u l-fjuri eterni jiltaqgħu ta’ Doreen Micallef – It-tren iĹĽomm il-ħin ta’ Pawlu Aquilina – Kemm tiswa tarbija? ta’ Ä orġ Mallia – Jien naf ta’ J. J. Cremona – Odessa ta’ Charles Coleiro – L-isptar ta’ Charles Coleiro – Agunija ta’ Charles Coleiro – Milied XXI ta’ Charles Coleiro – EntuĹĽjaĹĽmu ta’ Charles Briffa – Londra ta’ Charles Briffa – Dal-ġebel kbir ta’ Emanuel Attard – Lit-Teatru Rjal ta’ Maurice Mifsud Bonnici – Fl-Ewropa magħquda ta’ Doreen Micallef – Fil-mewt ta’ Ä orġ Pisani ta’ Carm Cachia – Lejl id-19 ta’ DiÄ‹embru ta’ Charles B. Spiteri – Kont waħdi ta’ Suzanne Gatt – Imħabbti ta’ Nathalie Micallef – Xi ġralek, Ma? ta’ Oliver Friggieri – Anki t-tislima ta’ Oliver Friggieri – Fuq xifer nimxu ta’ Oliver Friggieri – Afrika ta’ Oliver Friggieri.peer-reviewe
Améliorer la balance bénéfices/risques de la méthadone en respectant ses spécificités pharmacologiques
International audienc
Gabapentinoid Abuse in France: Evidence on Health Consequences and New Points of Vigilance
International audienceIntroduction: Gabapentinoid drugs (gabapentin and pregabalin) are widely used worldwide for epileptic and pain disorders. First signals of gabapentinoid abuse occurred in the last decade. This study aims to describe clinical characteristics of gabapentinoid use related disorders and health consequences in France. Materials and Methods: We designed a multisource investigation reviewing data reported to the French Addictovigilance Network (FAN) with pregabalin and gabapentin from 2010 to 2019. Information was obtained through the analysis of Spontaneous Reports (SRs) notified by health professionals and the pharmacoepidemiological surveys OSIAP (suspicious prescriptions forms indicators of potential abuse), OPPIDUM (observation of illicit drugs and misuse of psychotropic medications), DRAMES (death related to prescription drugs and other substances), and DTA (toxic deaths due to analgesics). Results: Over 2010–2019 period, were collected: (i) 265 SRs (258 pregabalin; 7 gabapentin); (ii) 816 forged prescription forms (805 pregabalin, 10 gabapentin, 1 involving both drugs); (iii) 145 cases of gabapentinoid use in people who use drugs (121 pregabalin; 24 gabapentin) and (iv) 31 cases of gabapentinoid-related deaths (25 pregabalin; 6 gabapentin). Risk factors of gabapentinoid abuse were opioid use disorders or psychiatric history, but cases of primary abuse in subjects without any substance abuse history were observed. Adverse outcomes concern almost exclusively pregabalin, with coma, dyspnea, convulsion, and conduction disorders. Treatment demands increased from 10.6% in 2018 to 23.1% in 2019, with pregabalin cited as the first substance leading to addictological care in the 2019 OPPIDUM survey. Gabapentinoid-related deaths increased over time. Pregabalin has become the first drug mentioned in forged prescriptions in 2019 (23.8% of OSIAP), while it ranked at the 15th position in 2017 (2.6%). Discussion: This study shows the importance of addictovigilance monitoring for gabapentinoids. Addictovigilance data helped to make visible the gabapentinoid-abuse related health harms (hospitalization for serious neurologic, psychiatric or cardiac effects, requests for addictological support and deaths) and to confirm the intrinsic abuse potential of pregabalin. These data highlight new points of vigilance considering observed primary abuse. At this point in France, the risk of abuse and related complications is very apparent with pregabalin. Still, it is identical to that observed elsewhere with gabapentin
COVID-19 vaccines surveillance in France: a global response to a major national challenge
International audienceNo abstract availabl
Intérêt de la mise à disposition de la naloxone auprès des usagers de drogues pour le traitement d’urgence de surdosage d’opioïdes
International audienc
Tectonic expression of an active slab tear from high-resolution seismic and bathymetric data offshore Sicily (Ionian Sea)
Subduction of a narrow slab of oceanic lithosphere beneath a tightly curved orogenic arc requires the presence of at least one lithospheric scale tear fault. While the Calabrian subduction beneath southern Italy is considered to be the type example of this geodynamic setting, the geometry, kinematics and surface expression of the associated lateral, slab tear fault offshore eastern Sicily remain controversial. Results from a new marine geophysical survey conducted in the Ionian Sea, using high-resolution bathymetry and seismic profiling reveal active faulting at the seafloor within a 140 km long, two-branched fault system near Alfeo Seamount. The previously unidentified 60 km long NW trending North Alfeo Fault system shows primarily strike-slip kinematics as indicated by the morphology and steep-dipping transpressional and transtensional faults. Available earthquake focal mechanisms indicate dextral strike-slip motion along this fault segment. The 80 km long SSE trending South Alfeo fault system is expressed by one or two steeply dipping normal faults, bounding the western side of a 500+ m thick, 5 km wide, elongate, syntectonic Plio-Quaternary sedimentary basin. Both branches of the fault system are mechanically capable of generating magnitude 6-7 earthquakes like those that struck eastern Sicily in 1169, 1542, and 1693
French organization for the pharmacovigilance of COVID-19 vaccines: A major challenge
International audienceIn this special issue, we present the main highlights of the first weeks of pharmacovigilance monitoring of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in this unprecedented situation in France: the deployment of a vaccination during an epidemic period with the aim of vaccinating the entire population and the intense pharmacovigilance and surveillance of these vaccines still under conditional marketing authorizations. In this unprecedented situation, the cross approach and interaction between the French pharmacovigilance network and French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) has been optimized to provide a real-time safety related to COVID-19 vaccines. Every week, pair of regional pharmacovigilance centers gathered safety data from the French pharmacovigilance network, to acutely expertise all the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported with each COVID-19 vaccine within a direct circuit with ANSM. Results of this expertise are presented and discussed with ANSM in order to raise safety signals and take appropriate measures if necessary. These reports are then published online. At the 25th of March 2021, more than 9 815 000 doses were injected and 20,265 ADRs were reported, mostly non-serious (76%). Several potential or confirmed signals were raised at the european level for those vaccines and others ADRs are under special attentions. This underlines the adaptiveness of the French pharmacovigilance system to both the identification of new patient profiles experiencing ADRs and the evolution of the vaccine strategy. Such an efficiency is necessary to manage a careful and acute surveillance of these new COVID-19 vaccines for and to face the pandemic at the same time
What Strategy Should France Implement for H2020?
The initiation of Horizon 2020—the European Union’s 8th Framework Programme for Research
and Innovation, allotted a budget of 79 billion euros—provides an opportunity to review
France’s participation in previous Framework Programmes. Indeed, French participation does
not match either its scientific importance or its financial investment. While France
contributed 16.5 to 17% of the EU’s 7th Framework Programme research budget, its return
through the funding of coordinated projects in which French teams are participating stands
at around 12.5 to 13%, a shortfall of 600 million euros. Although the situation depends on
the type of activity, French participation in clinical research appears to be smaller than
that of its neighbours, with fewer responses to European calls for proposals. While France
has many assets, which include the assured funding of clinical research, structured
thematic networks and the initiation of major national programmes, it suffers from the
dilution of resources due to France’s regional development policy, the lack of
multidisciplinarity and the ignorance of both the medical and scientific community and the
institutions to which they belong as to how Horizon 2020 actually works.
We propose three
types of strategy to encourage proposals for coordinated clinical research projects or
projects involving French teams, and to help in the drawing up of applications: Broaden
the vision of our children, students and colleagues, helping them to adapt to the
globalisation of knowledge throughout their educational and professional lives. Recognise
the value of European actions to influence the European landscape and change mentalities.
Help and support project initiators by pooling skills within a limited number of expert
centres designed to assist them in their funding application.
• Broaden the vision of our children, students and colleagues, helping them to adapt to the globalisation of knowledge
throughout their educational and professional lives.
• Recognise the value of European actions to influence the European landscape and change mentalities.
• Help and support project initiators by pooling skills within a limited number of expert centres designed to assist them in
their funding application