41 research outputs found
Learning mathematics and competences: Bringing together three theoretical perspectives
The symposium aims to bring into analysis and discussion a possibility of
articulating and integrating theoretical concepts from Activity Theory, Situated
Learning and Critical Mathematics Education in order to contribute to
understanding learning in practices where mathematics and technology seem to
be relevant
Os padrões repetitivos como actividade de investigação matemática, na sala de 4 anos do pré-escolar
Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos da Criança - Especialização em Ensino e Aprendizagem da MatemáticaA incidência deste estudo está focada na introdução de actividades de
investigação matemática num contexto de padrões repetitivos junto de crianças com
quatro anos.
Começa-se por caracterizar o que são actividades de investigação no Pré–
Escolar, e quais os exemplos justificativos no desenvolvimento do trabalho com padrões. Segue-se a especificação de como se desenvolve o processo de actividade de
investigação, focando a atenção na curiosidade, no sentido crítico e no relacionamento das crianças durante as actividades realizadas, conteúdos e competências, envolvimento nas actividades e interacções, e qual o papel da educadora neste contexto. Finalizando, procura-se dar um contributo para ajudar outros profissionais a aumentarem os seus conhecimentos na área de padrões, e a conhecerem a forma como as crianças enfrentam e exploram as tarefas e as potencialidades desta experiência ao nível da aprendizagem
da matemática.
Não se limitando à aplicação de conhecimentos ou procedimentos pré-definidos, as actividades de investigação estimulam uma abordagem globalizante, relacionando diferentes temas, e permitindo um tipo de trabalho de carácter transversal.
No início da intervenção entendeu-se propor às crianças um conjunto de tarefas
consistentes com o seu nível de conhecimento, de compreensão ou competência. Assim numa primeira fase as crianças desenvolveram actividades “desafiadoras” a partir dos
seus interesses, de cunho progressivamente mais aberto, referentes a contextos variados
tais como: rotinas e formação de conjuntos utilizando material manipulativo, reconhecimento das propriedades e formulação de hipóteses sobre a figura geométrica “o quadrado”, numa perspectiva de envolvimento futuro com actividades de
investigação.
Numa segunda fase temporal, pretendeu-se implementar uma actividade de investigação matemática num contexto de padrões repetitivos, já que é um conceito que
é pouco explorado com crianças de 4 anos.
O estudo segue uma abordagem de investigação qualitativa baseada no estudo de
caso, configurando trajectórias hipotéticas de aprendizagem.
O investigador assumiu um papel de observador participante, dirigindo e testemunhando presencialmente as sessões de trabalho das crianças. Foi privilegiada a recolha de dados de ordem qualitativa, durante oito meses, incluindo-se nestes os dados recolhidos durante os três meses em que decorreram as investigações com padrões.
A análise dos dados recaiu sobre os processos desenvolvidos durante as
actividades investigativas, mais do que sobre os resultados ou produtos obtidos. A
finalidade foi a de perceber as questões de relevo, os processos utilizados pelas crianças, as conjecturas, generalizações e argumentações, tendo por base o processo de interacção e de comunicação, na tentativa de perceber as tomadas de decisões e as aprendizagens conseguidas.
Neste contexto, pudemos certificar-nos de que as crianças de quatro anos conseguem envolver-se em actividades de investigação matemática.The present study focuses on the introduction of mathematical investigation
activities in a context of repetitive patterns among four year old children.
First, we have characterized preschool investigation activities, and given
justifying examples for the development of the work with patterns.
Following, we have specified how to develop the investigation activity process,
focusing our attention on the curiosity, critical sense, and relationship of the children
during the activities, as well as on the contents, competences, involvement in the
activities, interactions, and the role of the educator concerning this matter.
Finally, we tried to make a contribution to help other professionals both to
increase their knowledge in the area of patterns, as well as to realise the way that
children face and explore the tasks and the potentialities of this experiment considering
mathematics learning.
Investigation activities are not limited to the application of knowledge or
pre-defined procedures, also stimulating a global approach, relating different subjects,
and allowing a transversal kind of work.
At the beginning of the intervention, we have decided to propose to the children
some tasks consistent with their level of knowledge, understanding or competence.
Thus, the children have first developed challenging activities, according to their own
interests, which became more and more open, referring to varied contexts, such as
routines, formation of sets using manipulative material, recognition of properties and
formulation of hypothesis on the geometrical figure “the square”, into a perspective
of future involvement in investigation activities.
Then, we attempted to implement a mathematical investigation activity in a
context of repetitive patterns, since it is a concept which is usually not explored with
four year olds.
Our study follows a qualitative investigation approach, based on a case-study,
configuring hypothetical learning trajectories.
The investigator took the role of participant observer, both directing and
witnessing the children’s work sessions. It was given priority to the collecting of
qualitative data, for a period of eight months, including the data which have been
collected during the three months in which the investigations with patterns took place.
The analysis of the data focused more on the investigation process than on its
results or obtained products. The main objective of this study was to understand
important issues, the procedures used by the children, their conjectures, generalisations
and argumentations, emphasising the interaction and communication process, in an
attempt to understand their decision making and learning achievements.
In this context, we could conclude that that four year old children can, actually,
involve themselves into mathematical investigation activities
O conceito de crítica em educação matemática e perspectivas de investigação
Este artigo resulta de um estudo mais alargado e em curso onde procuramos relacionar três perspectivas teóricas na elaboração de um quadro teórico de investigação em Educação Matemática. Aqui analisamos uma dessas perspectivas, a Educação Matemática Crítica, oferecendo uma visão da recente linha de investigação, denominada socio-política, que tem sido desenvolvida no campo da Educação Matemática. Desenvolveremos este artigo através da análise do conceito de crítica, terminando com uma breve descrição de quatro linhas de investigação em Educação Matemática nas quais o conceito de crítica é central
Experiência pedagógica de formação de professores do ensino superior: perceções dos participantes
As mudanças societais atuais, com reflexos evidentes no mercado de trabalho, implicam uma reconfiguração
das profissões e, consequentemente, da formação dos futuros profissionais, com impacto na
forma como os professores do ensino superior ensinam e na forma como os estudantes aprendem.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
An update on wastewater multi-resistant bacteria : identification of clinical pathogens such as Escherichia coli O25b:H4-B2-ST131-producing CTX-M-15 ESBL and KPC-3 Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella oxytoca
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant reservoirs of bacterial resistance. This work aims to identify the determinants of resistance produced by Gram-negative bacteria in the influent and effluent of two WWTPs in Portugal. A total of 96 wastewater samples were obtained between 2016 and 2019. The numbers of total aerobic and fecal contamination bacteria were evaluated, and genomic features were searched by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Enterobacteriaceae corresponded to 78.6% (n = 161) of the 205 isolates identified by 16sRNA. The most frequent isolates were Escherichia spp. (57.1%, n = 117), followed by Aeromonas spp. (16.1%, n = 33) and Klebsiella spp. (12.7%, n = 26). The remaining 29 isolates (14.1%) were distributed across 10 different genera. Among the 183 resistant genes detected, 54 isolates produced extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), of which blaCTX-M-15 was predominant (37 isolates; 68.5%). A KPC-3 carbapenemase-producing K. oxytoca was identified (n = 1), with blaKPC-3 included in a transposon Tn4401 isoform b. A higher number of virulence genes (VG) (19 genes) was found in the E. coli 5301 (O25b-ST131-B2) isolate compared with a commensal E. coli 5281 (O25b-ST410-A) (six genes). Both shared five VG [Enterobactin; Aerobactin, CFA/1 (clade α); Type1 (clade γ1); Type IV]. In conclusion, this work highlights the role of relevant clinical bacteria in WWTPs, such as KPC-3-producing K. oxytoca, and, for the first time, a CTX-M-15-producing Ochromobactrum intermedium, a human opportunistic pathogen, and a SED-1-producing Citrobacter farmeri, an uncommon CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.This work was supported by the European Union LIFE Programme under Grant Agreement LIFE14 ENV/PT/000739—LIFE Impetus (https://life-impetus.eu/), accessed on 1 February 2021.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Learning mathematics and competences: bringing together three theoretical perspectives
The symposium aims to bring into analysis and discussion a possibility of
articulating and integrating theoretical concepts from Activity Theory, Situated
Learning and Critical Mathematics Education in order to contribute to
understanding learning in practices where mathematics and technology seem to
be relevant.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Omental whirl associated with bilateral inguinal hernia: a case report
INTRODUCTION: Torsion of the omentum is a rare cause of abdominal pain. It is clinically similar to common causes of acute surgical abdomen and is often diagnosed during surgery. Inguinal hernia is a common condition but not frequently related with torsion of the omentum.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year-old Caucasian man came to our emergency department with abdominal pain of the left quadrant and abdominal distension for 2 days. His medical history included an untreated left inguinal hernia in the last year. Computed tomography revealed densification of mesocolon with left omentum "whirl" component and other signs of omental torsion. During an exploratory laparoscopy, a wide twist of his omentum with necrotic alterations that extended to the bilateral inguinal hernial content was observed. Omentectomy and surgical repair of bilateral inguinal hernia were performed.
CONCLUSIONS: Torsion of the omentum is a rare entity and usually presents a diagnostic challenge. The use of abdominal computed tomography can help diagnosing torsion of the omentum preoperatively and, thus, prevents a surgical approach. Nonetheless, some cases of torsion of the omentum require surgical repair. Accordingly, a laparoscopic approach is minimally invasive and efficient in performing omentectomy.(undefined
Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Annual Pollen Index Recorded by Sites Belonging to the Portuguese Aerobiology Network
This study presents the findings of a 10-year survey carried out by the Portuguese Aerobiology Network (RPA) at seven pollen-monitoring stations: five mainland stations (Oporto, Coimbra, Lisbon, Évora and Portimão) and two insular stations [Funchal (Madeira archipelago) and Ponta Delgada (Azores archipelago)]. The main aim of the study was to examine spatial and temporal variations in the Annual Pollen Index (API) with particular focus on the most frequently recorded pollen types. Pollen monitoring (2003–2012) was carried out using Hirst-type volumetric spore traps, following the minimum recommendations proposed by the European Aerobiology Society Working Group on Quality Control. Daily pollen data were examined for similarities using the Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric test and multivariate regression trees. Simple linear regression analysis was used to describe trends in API. The airborne pollen spectrum at RPA stations is dominated by important allergenic pollen types such as Poaceae, Olea and Urticaceae. Statistically significant differences were witnessed in the API recorded at the seven stations. Mean API is higher in the southern mainland cities, e.g. Évora, Lisbon and Portimão, and lower in insular and littoral cities. There were also a number of significant trends in API during the 10-year study. This report identifies spatial and temporal variations in the amount of airborne pollen recorded annually in the Portuguese territory. There were also a number of significant changes in API, but no general increases in the amount of airborne pollen
PREDICT identifies precipitating events associated with the clinical course of acutely decompensated cirrhosis
Background & Aims: Acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis may present without acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) (ADNo ACLF), or with ACLF (AD-ACLF), defined by organ failure(s). Herein, we aimed to analyze and characterize the precipitants leading to both of these AD phenotypes. Methods: The multicenter, prospective, observational PREDICT study (NCT03056612) included 1,273 non-electively hospitalized patients with AD (No ACLF = 1,071; ACLF = 202). Medical history, clinical data and laboratory data were collected at enrolment and during 90-day follow-up, with particular attention given to the following characteristics of precipitants: induction of organ dysfunction or failure, systemic inflammation, chronology, intensity, and relationship to outcome. Results: Among various clinical events, 4 distinct events were precipitants consistently related to AD: proven bacterial infections, severe alcoholic hepatitis, gastrointestinal bleeding with shock and toxic encephalopathy. Among patients with precipitants in the AD-No ACLF cohort and the AD-ACLF cohort (38% and 71%, respectively), almost all (96% and 97%, respectively) showed proven bacterial infection and severe alcoholic hepatitis, either alone or in combination with other events. Survival was similar in patients with proven bacterial infections or severe alcoholic hepatitis in both AD phenotypes. The number of precipitants was associated with significantly increased 90day mortality and was paralleled by increasing levels of surrogates for systemic inflammation. Importantly, adequate first-line antibiotic treatment of proven bacterial infections was associated with a lower ACLF development rate and lower 90-day mortality. Conclusions: This study identified precipitants that are significantly associated with a distinct clinical course and prognosis in patients with AD. Specific preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting these events may improve outcomes in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Lay summary: Acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis is characterized by a rapid deterioration in patient health. Herein, we aimed to analyze the precipitating events that cause AD in patients with cirrhosis. Proven bacterial infections and severe alcoholic hepatitis, either alone or in combination, accounted for almost all (96-97%) cases of AD and acute-on-chronic liver failure. Whilst the type of precipitant was not associated with mortality, the number of precipitant(s) was. This study identified precipitants that are significantly associated with a distinct clinical course and prognosis of patients with AD. Specific preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting these events may improve patient outcomes. (c) 2020 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)