Machine Learning Based Fall Detector with a Sensorized Tip

Fall detection has become an area of interest in recent years, as quick response to these events is critical to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate. In order to ensure proper fall detection, several technologies have been developed, including vision system, environmental detection systems, and wearable sensor based systems. However, in elderly or impaired people, it has been shown that the implementation of sensors in Assistive Devices for Walking, such as crutches or canes, can also be a promising alternative. In this work, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) based Fall Detection system is proposed, which uses the data provided by a Sensorized Tip which can be attached to different Assistive Devices for Walking (ADW). Unlike other approaches, the developed one is able to differentiate the fall of the ADW from the fall of the user. For that purpose, the developed Fall Detector uses two modules connected in series. The first one detects all falls, while the second differentiates between user and ADW falls. The proposed approach is validated in a set of experimental tests carried out by healthy volunteers that have simulated different falls. In addition, a comparative analysis is carried out by comparing the performance of the Sensorized Tip based Fall Detector and a state-of-the-art commercial accelerometer system. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides high Fall Detection Ratios (over 90%), similar or higher to wearable-sensor based approaches

Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems

[EN] Diplodia tip blight is the most ubiquitous and abundant disease in Spanish Pinus radiata plantations. The economic losses in forest stands can be very severe because of its abundance in cones and seeds together with the low genetic diversity of the host. Pinus resinosa is not genetically diverse in North America either, and Diplodia shoot blight is a common disease. Disease control may require management designs to be adapted for each region. The genetic diversity of the pathogen could be an indicator of its virulence and spreading capacity. Our objective was to understand the diversity of Diplodia spp. in Spanish plantations and to compare it with the structure of American populations to collaborate in future management guidelines. Genotypic diversity was investigated using microsatellite markers. Eight loci (SS9-SS16) were polymorphic for the 322 isolates genotyped. The results indicate that Diplodia sapinea is the most frequent Diplodia species present in plantations of the north of Spain and has high genetic diversity. The higher genetic diversity recorded in Spain in comparison to previous studies could be influenced by the intensity of the sampling and the evidence about the remarkable influence of the sample type.This research was funded by INIA, grant number: RTA 2017-00063-C04-03, LIFE programme, grant number: LIFE14 ENV/ES/000179 and by the Basque Government, grant number FUNGITRAP 19-00031. Red pine cone collection in New England and pathogen isolation was funded by USDA Forest Service.Aragonés, A.; Manzanos, T.; Stanosz, G.; Munck, IA.; Raposo, R.; Elvira-Recuenco, M.; Berbegal Martinez, M.... (2021). Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems. Microorganisms. 9(12):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122565S11791

Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker

Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one of the most important threats of Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen is known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, and can affect all life stages of trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite the importance of PPC, the global distribution of F. circinatum is poorly documented, and this problem is also true of the hosts within countries that are affected. The aim of this study was to review the global distribution of F. circinatum, with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) the current and historical pathogen records, both positive and negative, based on confirmed reports from Europe and globally; (2) the genetic diversity and population structure of the pathogen; (3) the current distribution of PPC in Europe, comparing published models of predicted disease distribution; and (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature and generating a comprehensive list of known hosts for the fungus. These data were collated from 41 countries and used to compile a specially constructed geo-database. A review of 6297 observation records showed that F. circinatum and the symptoms it causes on conifers occurred in 14 countries, including four in Europe, and is absent in 28 countries. Field observations and experimental data from 138 host species revealed 106 susceptible host species including 85 Pinus species, 6 non-pine tree species and 15 grass and herb species. Our data confirm that susceptibility to F. circinatum varies between different host species, tree ages and environmental characteristics. Knowledge on the geographic distribution, host range and the relative susceptibility of different hosts is essential for disease management, mitigation and containment strategies. The findings reported in this review will support countries that are currently free of F. circinatum in implementing effective procedures and restrictions and prevent further spread of the pathogen

Libro arcaico y sabroso

Carlos Martín, presenta “crónica del muy ilustre Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario en Santa Fé de Bogotá”. Texto que aborda la visión histórica y crítica que permita entender la pauta que ha marcado con la paralela historia nacional

Libro arcaico y sabroso

Carlos Martín, presenta “crónica del muy ilustre Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario en Santa Fé de Bogotá”. Texto que aborda la visión histórica y crítica que permita entender la pauta que ha marcado con la paralela historia nacional

Calidad del agua de los ríos de Bizkaia. I. Cuencas de Las Encartaciones

Se ha estudiado la alidad del agua de las cuencas de los ríos Mercadillo, Cadagua y Galindo, utilizándose macroinvertebrados bentónicos como indicadores. En base a estos datos y a la concentración de oxígeno en el agua se ha detectado una contaminación elevada en el arroyo Ballonti, perteneciente a la cuenca del Galindo y en el tramo final del río Cadagua. Está también bastante alterado el tramo final del Herrerías, mientras que la cuenca del Mercadillo solo experimenta una ligera eutrofización en su tramo fina

Calidad del agua de los ríos de Bizkaia. III. Cuencas del Oka, Lea y Artibai

Se ha estudiado la calidad del agua utilizando macroinvertebrados bentónicos como indicadores biológicos y la concentración de oxígeno como variable química, en las cuencas de los ríos Oka, Lea y Artibai, la más orientales de Bizkaia. Los ríos y arroyos de la cuenca del Oka presentan una fauna indicadora de buena calidad del agua a excepción del cauce principal, que en su último tramo se encuentra más eutrofizado. La cuenca del río Lea mantiene una elevada calidad incluso en su cauce principal, siendo la que se conserva en un estado más natural de todas las cuencas estudiadas en Bizkaia. La cuenca del Artibai, por el contrario, está bastante alterada a partir de Markina, lo que se pone de manifiesto no solo por la composición de la fauna, sino también por lo bajos valores de la concentración de oxígen

Don Juan de Castellanos

Estudio sobre la vida y obra del escritor Juan de Castellanos, desde la perspectiva como hombre de letras y sus años en la Nueva Granada

Corrigenda

Corrección de Fray Mesanza al director de la Revista del Rosario con relación al estudio realizado a Juan de Castellanos