OncoLog Volume 45, Number 10, October 2000

Early Consultations with Specialists Increase Patients\u27 Voice Restoration Options After Total Laryngectomy Protocols: Small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Trials House Call: Unconventional Cancer Treatments: Many Promises but Little Evidence Reunions Give Lung Cancer Survivors an Opportunity to Celebrate DiaLog: Treating Mind, Body, and Spirit, by The Rev. Alfred A. Merwald, D. Min., Director of Chaplaincy and Pastoral Education Experience Leads to More Effective Treatment for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancerhttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/oncolog/1089/thumbnail.jp

Demitologisasi Ulos Pancamot Terhadap Peran Perempuan Dalam Dalihan Natolu (Studi Sosiologis Budaya Simulasi-Simulacra-Hipperealitas)

Dalam adat pernikahan, juga salah satunya telah mengalami pergeseran kepada pengalaman pribadi terhadap ulos pansamot yang kehilangan partikularitas agama dan budaya. Ulos tersebut menggunakan jenis punca ragi hotang. Jenis yang ulos yang kaya akan makna dalam corak kekayaan-kehormatan-keturunan yang tertuang dalam ulos pancamot. Melalui aksioma budaya dan agama, pemaknaan simbol ulos pancamot bukan hanya sebagai memenuhi hasrat konsumsi lahiriah, melainkan juga hasrat konsumsi batin yang memiliki nilai spiritualitas atas devosi. Hemat penulis, situasi ini meretas kebahagian yang dikukuhkan dengan nilai budaya dan nilai spiritual. Adanya keseimbangan pengalaman spiritual dalam diri seseorang yang melahirkan fondasi kemanusiaan yang menjadi lebih arif dalam tindakan berkeluarga kendati terjadinya paradoks pengalama

Oxygen uptake in the vitamin B2-sensitized photo-oxidation of tyrosine and tryptophan in the presence of uracil: Kinetics and mechanism

Considering the significance of visible light-promoted reactions in complex biological media, the photo-oxidation of the amino acids (AAs) tyrosine (tyr) and tryptophan (trp) was studied in the presence of the naturally occurring oxidative scavenger uracil (ur). The involved photoprocesses, studied at pH 7 and 9, are driven through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) singlet molecular oxygen (O2(1Äg)), superoxide radical anion (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The effect on the effectiveness of the overall photo-oxidation process due to the presence of an added electron-donating substrate such as ur is not straightforwardly predictable. The addition of the pyrimidine compound, a much lesser photo-oxidizable substrate than the AAs themselves, produced different results: (1) antioxidative for tyr at pH 9, decreasing the overall rate of oxygen uptake; (2) synergistic for tyr at pH 7, increasing the oxidation rate more than the corresponding addition value of the respective individual rates and (3) no effect for trp at both pH values. The final result depends on the respective abilities of the substrates as quenchers of both the long-lived riboflavin triplet excited state and the generated ROS and the pH of the medium. An interpretation for the different cases is attempted through a kinetic and mechanistic analysis.Fil: Montaña, Maria Paulina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Blasich, Néstor Fabian. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Haggi, Ernesto Sergio. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Norman Andino. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentin

The HSP90 Inhibitor NVP-AUY922 Radiosensitizes by Abrogation of Homologous Recombination Resulting in Mitotic Entry with Unresolved DNA Damage

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone responsible for the conformational maintenance of a number of client proteins that play key roles in cell cycle arrest, DNA damage repair and apoptosis following radiation. HSP90 inhibitors exhibit antitumor activity by modulating the stabilisation and activation of HSP90 client proteins. We sought to evaluate NVP-AUY922, the most potent HSP90 inhibitor yet reported, in preclinical radiosensitization studies.NVP-AUY922 potently radiosensitized cells in vitro at low nanomolar concentrations with a concurrent depletion of radioresistance-linked client proteins. Radiosensitization by NVP-AUY922 was verified for the first time in vivo in a human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenograft model in athymic mice, as measured by delayed tumor growth and increased surrogate end-point survival (p = <0.0001). NVP-AUY922 was shown to ubiquitously inhibit resolution of dsDNA damage repair correlating to delayed Rad51 foci formation in all cell lines tested. Additionally, NVP-AUY922 induced a stalled mitotic phenotype, in a cell line-dependent manner, in HeLa and HN5 cell lines irrespective of radiation exposure. Cell cycle analysis indicated that NVP-AUY922 induced aberrant mitotic entry in all cell lines tested in the presence of radiation-induced DNA damage due to ubiquitous CHK1 depletion, but resultant downstream cell cycle effects were cell line dependent.These results identify NVP-AUY922 as the most potent HSP90-mediated radiosensitizer yet reported in vitro, and for the first time validate it in a clinically relevant in vivo model. Mechanistic analysis at clinically achievable concentrations demonstrated that radiosensitization is mediated by the combinatorial inhibition of cell growth and survival pathways, ubiquitous delay in Rad51-mediated homologous recombination and CHK1-mediated G(2)/M arrest, but that the contribution of cell cycle perturbation to radiosensitization may be cell line specific

Photoprotective potential of emulsions formulated with Buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa) and Vitamin E against UV irradiation on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts cell lines

Considering the belief that natural lipids and edible substances are safer for topical applications and that carotenoids are able to protect cells against photooxidative damage, wea have investigated whether topical creams and lotions, produced with Buriti oil and commercial surfactants, can exert photoprotective effect of against UVA and UVB irradiation. Emulsions and plain Buriti oil were diluted in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Cell treatment was divided in two stages, prior and after being exposed to 30 minutes of UVA plus UVB radiation or 60 minutes to UVA radiation. Emulsions prepared with ethoxylated fatty alcohols as surfactants and containing α-tocopherol caused phototoxic damage to the cells, especially when applied prior to UV exposure. Damage reported was due to prooxidant activity and phototoxic effect of the surfactant. Emulsions prepared with Sorbitan Monooleate and PEG-40 castor oil and containing panthenol as active ingredient, were able to reduce the damages caused by radiation when compared to non-treated cells. When the different cells lines used in the study were compared, keratinocytes showed an increase in cell viability higher than fibroblasts. The Buriti oil emulsions can be considered potential vehicles to transport antioxidants precursors and also be used as adjuvant in sun protection