Diferencias en los valores de las dimensiones del burnout en educadores con y sin síntomas o problemas de salud

The aim of the present study was to observe if there are differences in the level of the burnout dimensions between teachers who have experienced symptoms or health problems in the last year and those who have not  in a sample of 223 teachers working in educational institutions (elementary school level). Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in its teachers’ version, and a sociodemographic survey. A two –independent t test was carried out in order to see if both groups of teachers differed significantly in the values obtained for the MBI dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment). The results of the t test showed significant differences between the groups of teachers, specifically in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, showing higher values in the group of teachers who reported suffering from symptoms or health problems in the last 12 months.El objetivo del presente estudio fue observar si existen diferencias en los valores de las dimensiones del burnout entre quienes han experimentado síntomas o problemas de salud en el último año y quienes no, en una muestra de 223 maestros que trabajan en instituciones educativas (nivel primario). Los participantes completaron el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), en su versión para educadores y una encuesta ad hoc. Se realizó una prueba t para muestras independientes con la finalidad de observar si ambos grupos de docentes difieren significativamente en los valores obtenidos en las dimensiones del MBI (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal). La prueba t mostró diferencias significativas entre los grupos de educadores, precisamente en las dimensiones de agotamiento emocional y la despersonalización, con valores más altos en el grupo de maestros que manifestaron sufrir síntomas o problemas de salud en los últimos 12 meses

Diferencias en los valores de las dimensiones del burnout en educadores con y sin síntomas o problemas de salud

The aim of the present study was to observe if there are differences in the level of the burnout dimensions between teachers who have experienced symptoms or health problems in the last year and those who have not  in a sample of 223 teachers working in educational institutions (elementary school level). Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in its teachers’ version, and a sociodemographic survey. A two –independent t test was carried out in order to see if both groups of teachers differed significantly in the values obtained for the MBI dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment). The results of the t test showed significant differences between the groups of teachers, specifically in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, showing higher values in the group of teachers who reported suffering from symptoms or health problems in the last 12 months.El objetivo del presente estudio fue observar si existen diferencias en los valores de las dimensiones del burnout entre quienes han experimentado síntomas o problemas de salud en el último año y quienes no, en una muestra de 223 maestros que trabajan en instituciones educativas (nivel primario). Los participantes completaron el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), en su versión para educadores y una encuesta ad hoc. Se realizó una prueba t para muestras independientes con la finalidad de observar si ambos grupos de docentes difieren significativamente en los valores obtenidos en las dimensiones del MBI (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal). La prueba t mostró diferencias significativas entre los grupos de educadores, precisamente en las dimensiones de agotamiento emocional y la despersonalización, con valores más altos en el grupo de maestros que manifestaron sufrir síntomas o problemas de salud en los últimos 12 meses

Sexual developmental disorders in pediatrics

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that result in an alteration in sex determination or differentiation. DSD are estimated to affect 1: 4,500 newborns and according to the 2006 Chicago Consensus classification, DSD can be divided into three categories: those with a 46 XX karyotype, those with a 46 XY karyotype and those relating to sex chromosomes. It is crucial to correctly identify the pathology already in the first days of life to direct the patient and his family to the best path of care. For this reason, the role of the pediatrician is fundamental in the correct identification of the clinical picture and in supporting the family during the long process that involves the management of these patients. To make a diagnosis, it is necessary to follow a path led by a multidisciplinary team that includes several steps such as the execution of the genetic analysis, the evaluation with diagnostic imaging methods and laboratory evaluations. The therapeutic management, on the other hand, is still very complex even if in recent years we have moved from an attitude of early gender reassignment to an approach of watchful waiting to let the patient choose when she/he is mature enough to do so, which gender she/he feels to belong. It should not be forgotten that throughout this process the pediatrician must be both supportive and clinically active in the management of the child and his family

Radiomics in the characterization of lipid-poor adrenal adenomas at unenhanced CT: time to look beyond usual density metrics

Objectives: In this study, we developed a radiomic signature for the classification of benign lipid-poor adenomas, which may potentially help clinicians limit the number of unnecessary investigations in clinical practice. Indeterminate adrenal lesions of benign and malignant nature may exhibit different values of key radiomics features. Methods: Patients who had available histopathology reports and a non-contrast-enhanced CT scan were included in the study. Radiomics feature extraction was done after the adrenal lesions were contoured. The primary feature selection and prediction performance scores were calculated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). To eliminate redundancy, the best-performing features were further examined using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and new predictive models were created. Results: This investigation covered 50 lesions in 48 patients. After LASSO-based radiomics feature selection, the test dataset’s 30 iterations of logistic regression models produced an average performance of 0.72. The model with the best performance, made up of 13 radiomics features, had an AUC of 0.99 in the training phase and 1.00 in the test phase. The number of features was lowered to 5 after performing Pearson’s correlation to prevent overfitting. The final radiomic signature trained a number of machine learning classifiers, with an average AUC of 0.93. Conclusions: Including more radiomics features in the identification of adenomas may improve the accuracy of NECT and reduce the need for additional imaging procedures and clinical workup, according to this and other recent radiomics studies that have clear points of contact with current clinical practice. Clinical relevance statement: The study developed a radiomic signature using unenhanced CT scans for classifying lipid-poor adenomas, potentially reducing unnecessary investigations that scored a final accuracy of 93%. Key Points: • Radiomics has potential for differentiating lipid-poor adenomas and avoiding unnecessary further investigations. • Quadratic mean, strength, maximum 3D diameter, volume density, and area density are promising predictors for adenomas. • Radiomics models reach high performance with average AUC of 0.95 in the training phase and 0.72 in the test phase

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes in the pediatric age

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APSs) encompass a heterogeneous group of rare diseases characterized by autoimmune activity against two or more endocrine or non-endocrine organs. Three types of APSs are reported, including both monogenic and multifactorial, heterogeneous disorders. The aim of this manuscript is to present the main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of APS-1, APS-2, and IPEX syndrome in the pediatric age, describing the mechanisms of autoimmunity and the currently available treatments for these rare conditions