“God wants me to be president”: The role of the Bible Belt in the policy against terror during the George W. Bush governments

This article seeks to identify aspects of the relation between religion and foreign policy in the United States. It is believed that this relation is decisive for understanding the international politics of George W Bush's government (2001-2009). It happens due to the biblical weight of the Bible Belt. This region comprises predominantly conservative and Christian southernmost area of the United States. In this way, we affirm that religion is decisive in the American political context. Thus, the "biblical belt" also exerts influence in foreign policy, legitimizing through discourse part of the American positions in the international scene and in the structures of global governance (2001-2009)

Doha fora dos trilhos? Desafios para a “nova” governança global e as especificidades do sistema GATT/OMC

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo refletir sobre o papel dos Estados Unidos nas estruturas de governança global, com especial destaque para a estrutura GATT/OMC em perspectiva histórica. Afirma-se que o mainstream dos autores que trabalham com Governança Global não nos ajudam a captar a essência do problema: o papel central dos Estados Unidos nos regimes multilaterais de comércio e o papel central que estes arranjos ocupou (e ainda ocupa) no projeto de poder deste país, gerando importantes distorções. A hipótese deste ensaio é que a literatura sobre Governança Global ignora as especificidades do sistema GATT-OMC, o que abre possibilidades para que se cometam alguns equívocos na interpretação do funcionamento deste regime. Concluí-se que a Rodada Doha não está fora dos trilhos, mas caminha fortemente dentro de um padrão historicamente institucionalizado

A política comercial dos Estados Unidos no primeiro governo Obama: heranças, estratégias e desafios

This article aims to systematize some of the main aspects of the US trade agenda during the first four years of Obama administration. It identifies a "more discreet" attitude of the President Obama on trade policy compared to previous governments. However, this posture does not mean that the US government has been inactive.Este artigo tem por objetivo sistematizar alguns dos principais pontos da agenda comercial dos Estados Unidos durante os quatro primeiros anos da gestão Obama. Identifica-se uma postura “mais discreta” do presidente Obama se comparado com governos anterior em questões de política comercial, o que não significa uma postura “pouco ativa”.&nbsp

Donald Trump, o twitter e as eleições presidenciais dos Estados Unidos de 2016

In the XXI century, the media has been developed beyond the traditional means of communication – television and radio –, changing the way the public opinion is politically understood and mobilized. This reality brought unprecedented challenges to the contemporary democracies. In this context, this article aims to map how Donald Trump has used social media to communicate directly with his voters. The question that guides the research is: Donald Trump’s Twitter was an instrument on the creation of the media agenda during the presidential elections of the United States of 2016? The main hypothesis is that Trump’s Twitter assisted in the agenda building, including the traditional media, during the electoral run. To do so, we aim to map Trump’s Twitter and its relationship with the American television networks. We understand that this element is crucial to the comprehension of Trump’s victory in the electoral run of 2016En el siglo XXI, la intermediación política se ha desarrollado más allá de los medios tradicionales de comunicación, cambiando la forma en que la opinión pública se entiende y se moviliza políticamente. Esta realidad trajo desafíos sin precedentes para las democracias contemporáneas. En este contexto, este artículo busca mapear cómo Donald Trump usó las redes sociales para comunicarse directamente con sus votantes. La pregunta que guía la investigación es la siguiente: ¿fue el Twitter de Donald Trump una herramienta para crear la agenda de prensa principal durante las elecciones presidenciales de 2016 en los Estados Unidos? Partimos de la hipótesis de que el Twitter de Trump ayudó a construir agendas, incluidos los medios tradicionales, durante la carrera electoral. Con este fin, buscamos mapear el Twitter de Trump y su relación con las redes de televisión estadounidenses. Entendemos que este elemento es crucial para comprender la victoria de Donald Trump en la carrera presidencial de 2016No século XXI, a intermediação política tem se desenvolvido para além dos meios tradicionais de comunicação, alterando o modo como se entende e mobiliza politicamente a opinião pública. Essa realidade trouxe desafios inéditos para as democracias contemporâneas. Nesse contexto, este artigo busca mapear como Donald Trump usou as redes sociais para comunicar-se diretamente com seus eleitores. A pergunta que orienta a pesquisa é a seguinte: o Twitter de Donald Trump foi um instrumento de criação da agenda da grande imprensa durante as eleições presidenciais dos Estados Unidos de 2016? Partimos da hipótese de que o Twitter de Trump auxiliou na construção das agendas, inclusive das mídias tradicionais, durante a corrida eleitoral. Para tanto, buscamos mapear o Twitter de Trump e sua relação com as redes televisivas estadunidenses. Entendemos que esse elemento é crucial para a compreensão da vitória do Donald Trump na corrida presidencial de 2016

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Entre a teoria e a história: a política comercial dos Estados Unidos na década de 1980

This research aims to understand the changes in the legislative institutions of commerce of the United States that has occurred in the 1980s, with special prominence for the Fair Trade Institutions present in the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988. To do so, the Historical Institutionalism is used as an approach and it is argued that such institutional innovation was the result of the conjunction between the Executive's historical interests and the Congress' revisionist demands. To corroborate such hypothesis, it is argued that such legislative mechanism answers the Structural Institutions and conjunctural Forces of Change that act in two different levels: legislative and contextualBusca-se compreender nesta pesquisa as mudanças nas instituições legislativas de comércio dos Estados Unidos que ocorreram na década de 1980, com especial destaque para as instituições de Fair Trade presentes na Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act de 1988. Para isso, utiliza-se o Institucionalismo Histórico como abordagem e argumenta-se que tal inovação institucional foi fruto da conjunção entre os interesses de longo prazo do Executivo e as demandas revisionistas do Congresso. Para corroborar tal hipótese, afirma-se que tal mecanismo legislativo respondeu tanto às Instituições Estruturais quanto às Forças da Mudança conjunturais que atuam em dois diferentes níveis: legislativo e contextualFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES