691 research outputs found
Perfil microbiolĂłgico da carne de frangos abatidos artesanalmente e na indĂşstria, comercializados na grande Recife-PE
Considerando o elevado consumo da carne de frango no contexto nacional e mais especificamente na cidade do Recife, onde o abate clandestino ainda Ă© intenso, objetivou-se delinear o perfil microbiolĂłgico da carne de frango disponĂvel no mercado, comparando-se os produtos advindos de abatedouro industrial e artesanal e verificar se os produtos atendiam Ă s especificações dos padrões recomendados pela legislação. Determinou-se o NĂşmero Mais Provável (NMP) de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, bem como realizou-se a pesquisa de Salmonella spp. e Aeromonas spp., alĂ©m da contagem de bactĂ©rias aerĂłbias mesĂłfilas, psicrĂłfilas e Staphylococcus spp.. Foram analisadas 24 amostras, sendo que 12 advindas do processamento de frigorĂficos industriais, resfriadas e comercializadas. As outras 12 amostras foram provenientes de abatedouro artesanal e comercializadas sem refrigeração. Nos resultados obtidos, a contagem de Staphylococcus spp., a determinação do NMP de coliformes totais e termotolerantes apresentaram valores acima dos permitidos nas carcaças artesanais, enquanto que, as pesquisas de Salmonella spp. e Aeromonas spp. nĂŁo apresentaram diferença significativa. Nas carcaças artesanais o nĂşmero de bactĂ©rias mesĂłfilas foi 2,6 vezes maior que nas industriais, enquanto que no nĂşmero de psicrĂłfilas/pisicotrĂłficas nĂŁo houve diferença significativa entre as amostras. Algumas amostras nĂŁo estĂŁo dentro dos padrões recomendados pela legislação
Island and Mountain Ecosystems as Testbeds for Biological Control in the Anthropocene
For centuries, islands and mountains have incited the interest of naturalists, evolutionary biologists and ecologists. Islands have been the cradle for biogeography and speciation theories, while mountain ranges have informed how population adaptation to thermal floors shapes the distribution of species globally. Islands of varying size and mountains’ altitudinal ranges constitute unique “natural laboratories” where one can investigate the effects of species loss or global warming on ecosystem service delivery. Although invertebrate pollination or seed dispersal processes are steadily being examined, biological control research is lagging. While observations of a wider niche breadth among insect pollinators in small (i.e., species-poor) islands or at high (i.e., colder) altitudes likely also hold for biological control agents, such remains to be examined. In this Perspective piece, we draw on published datasets to show that island size alone does not explain biological control outcomes. Instead, one needs to account for species’ functional traits, habitat heterogeneity, host community make-up, phenology, site history or even anthropogenic forces. Meanwhile, data from mountain ranges show how parasitism rates of Noctuid moths and Tephritid fruit flies exhibit species- and context-dependent shifts with altitude. Nevertheless, future empirical work in mountain settings could clarify the thermal niche space of individual natural enemy taxa and overall thermal resilience of biological control. We further discuss how global databases can be screened, while ecological theories can be tested, and simulation models defined based upon observational or manipulative assays in either system. Doing so can yield unprecedented insights into the fate of biological control in the Anthropocene and inform ways to reinforce this vital ecosystem service under global environmental change scenarios.The development of this manuscript was funded by the Food and Agriculture Organization FAO through LOA/RAP/2021/57, executed by The University of Queensland. AS was supported by the "Ramon y Cajal" program (RYC2020029407-I), financed by the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion".info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
AdesĂŁo Ă terapĂŞutica antirretroviral de pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids em um municĂpio do interior paulista
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a adesĂŁo aos antirretrovirais de pessoas vivendo com o HIV/AIDS e identificar sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e clĂnicas. MĂ©todos Estudo analĂtico transversal que utilizou instrumento sociodemográfico e o CEAT-HIV, com dados coletados no perĂodo de 2014 a 2015. Resultados Identificou-se 75,0% com grau de adesĂŁo bom/adequado. Verificou-se que os indivĂduos com idade entre 40 e 59 anos (p=0,029) e com mais de oito anos de estudo (p=0,043) obtiveram maior grau de adesĂŁo, assim como aqueles com diagnĂłstico de HIV/AIDS há mais de 10 anos (p=0,002), contagem de TCD4 >350 cĂ©lulas/mm3 (p<0,001) e carga viral indetectável (p=0,025). ConclusĂŁo Nesse estudo, identificou-se uma boa adesĂŁo entre os sujeitos e observou-se que indivĂduos de maior faixa etária, maior grau de escolaridade, maior tempo de diagnĂłstico, elevada contagem de cĂ©lulas TCD4 e carga viral indetectável estiveram associados a uma maior adesĂŁo ao tratamento
Two-Fermion Bound States within the Bethe-Salpeter Approach
To solve the spinor-spinor Bethe-Salpeter equation in Euclidean space we
propose a novel method related to the use of hyperspherical harmonics. We
suggest an appropriate extension to form a new basis of spin-angular harmonics
that is suitable for a representation of the vertex functions. We present a
numerical algorithm to solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation and investigate in
detail the properties of the solution for the scalar, pseudoscalar and vector
meson exchange kernels including the stability of bound states. We also compare
our results to the non relativistic ones and to the results given by light
front dynamics.Comment: 32 pages, XIII Tables, 8 figure
Interactions and potential implications of Plasmodium falciparum-hookworm coinfection in different age groups in south-central CĂ´te d'Ivoire
BACKGROUND: Given the widespread distribution of Plasmodium and helminth infections, and similarities of ecological requirements for disease transmission, coinfection is a common phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere in the tropics. Interactions of Plasmodium falciparum and soil-transmitted helminths, including immunological responses and clinical outcomes of the host, need further scientific inquiry. Understanding the complex interactions between these parasitic infections is of public health relevance considering that control measures targeting malaria and helminthiases are going to scale.METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in April 2010 in infants, young school-aged children, and young non-pregnant women in south-central CĂ´te d'Ivoire. Stool, urine, and blood samples were collected and subjected to standardized, quality-controlled methods. Soil-transmitted helminth infections were identified and quantified in stool. Finger-prick blood samples were used to determine Plasmodium spp. infection, parasitemia, and hemoglobin concentrations. Iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and inflammation status were measured in venous blood samples.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Multivariate regression analysis revealed specific association between infection and demographic, socioeconomic, host inflammatory and nutritional factors. Non-pregnant women infected with P. falciparum had significantly lower odds of hookworm infection, whilst a significant positive association was found between both parasitic infections in 6- to 8-year-old children. Coinfected children had lower odds of anemia and iron deficiency than their counterparts infected with P. falciparum alone.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings suggest that interaction between P. falciparum and light-intensity hookworm infections vary with age and, in school-aged children, may benefit the host through preventing iron deficiency anemia. This observation warrants additional investigation to elucidate the mechanisms and consequences of coinfections, as this information could have important implications when implementing integrated control measures against malaria and helminthiases
Distribution of the Planktonic Shrimp Lucifer (Thompson, 1829) (Decapoda, Sergestoidea) off the Amazon
HTLV-I associated tropical spastic paraparesis: cerebral spinal fluid evolutive aspects in 128 cases
In vitro chloroquine resistance for Plasmodium vivax isolates from the Western Brazilian Amazon
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