Narrando a história atual: a construção da imagem dos grupos sociais em conflito nas manifestações de junho de 2013 no Brasil

The present paper aims at analyzing the representation of social groups involved in the protests in June 2013, in Brazil, trough the study of categories of mental model of events, as van Dijk – in case, participants and his actions – in media narratives. Through this analysis, the study aims to understand how the representation of these groups contributes or not to the credibility of the protests and to build the image of the groups involved in the conflict. Within the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD), proposed by van Dijk, this article aims to investigate the discursive function of media narratives in the construction of image of these groups in the following magazines: Veja, Isto É, Época and Carta Capital. The analysis of these articles revealed how ideological positions of narrative’s subjects enable the division of these groups in US and THEM, based on particular visions about the event.Keywords: protests, narratives, media discourse.O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar, por meio de categorias dos modelos mentais de evento, conforme van Dijk – no caso, participantes e ações –, como os grupos sociais envolvidos nos protestos, ocorridos em junho de 2013, no Brasil, são representados nas narrativas midiáticas e como essa representação contribui ou não para a credibilidade desses protestos e, consequentemente, para a construção da imagem dos grupos envolvidos no conflito. Para sua realização, filiamo-nos ao quadro teórico da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), proposto por van Dijk, com o objetivo de compreender o funcionamento discursivo das narrativas midiáticas na construção da imagem desses grupos, nas seguintes revistas semanais de informação: Veja, Isto É, Época e Carta Capital. Nossas análises revelaram-nos como os posicionamentos ideológicos dos locutores das narrativas possibilitam a divisão desses grupos em NÓS e ELES, de acordo com óticas particulares sobre o evento em questão. Palavras-chave: manifestações, narrativas, discurso midiático

Narrando a história atual: a construção da imagem dos grupos sociais em conflito nas manifestações de junho de 2013 no Brasil

The present paper aims at analyzing the representation of social groups involved in the protests in June 2013, in Brazil, trough the study of categories of mental model of events, as van Dijk – in case, participants and his actions – in media narratives. Through this analysis, the study aims to understand how the representation of these groups contributes or not to the credibility of the protests and to build the image of the groups involved in the conflict. Within the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD), proposed by van Dijk, this article aims to investigate the discursive function of media narratives in the construction of image of these groups in the following magazines: Veja, Isto É, Época and Carta Capital. The analysis of these articles revealed how ideological positions of narrative’s subjects enable the division of these groups in US and THEM, based on particular visions about the event.Keywords: protests, narratives, media discourse.O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar, por meio de categorias dos modelos mentais de evento, conforme van Dijk – no caso, participantes e ações –, como os grupos sociais envolvidos nos protestos, ocorridos em junho de 2013, no Brasil, são representados nas narrativas midiáticas e como essa representação contribui ou não para a credibilidade desses protestos e, consequentemente, para a construção da imagem dos grupos envolvidos no conflito. Para sua realização, filiamo-nos ao quadro teórico da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), proposto por van Dijk, com o objetivo de compreender o funcionamento discursivo das narrativas midiáticas na construção da imagem desses grupos, nas seguintes revistas semanais de informação: Veja, Isto É, Época e Carta Capital. Nossas análises revelaram-nos como os posicionamentos ideológicos dos locutores das narrativas possibilitam a divisão desses grupos em NÓS e ELES, de acordo com óticas particulares sobre o evento em questão. Palavras-chave: manifestações, narrativas, discurso midiático

High anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroconversion rates before the second wave in Manaus, Brazil, and the protective effect of social behaviour measures: results from the prospective DETECTCoV-19 cohort

Background: The city of Manaus, Brazil, has seen two collapses of the health system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We report anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibody seroconversion rates and associated risk factors in Manaus residents before the second wave of the epidemic in Brazil. Methods: A convenience sample of adult (aged ≥18 years) residents of Manaus was recruited through online and university website advertising into the DETECTCoV-19 study cohort. The current analysis of seroconversion included a subgroup of DETECTCoV-19 participants who had at least two serum sample collections separated by at least 4 weeks between Aug 19 and Oct 2, 2020 (visit 1), and Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020 (visit 2). Those who reported (or had no data on) having a COVID-19 diagnosis before visit 1, and who were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at visit 1 were excluded. Using an in-house ELISA, the reactivity index (RI; calculated as the optical density ratio of the sample to the negative control) for serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was measured at both visits. We calculated the incidence of seroconversion (defined as RI values ≤1·5 at visit 1 and ≥1·5 at visit 2, and a ratio >2 between the visit 2 and visit 1 RI values) during the study period, as well as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) through cluster-corrected and adjusted Poisson regression models to analyse associations between seroconversion and variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, health access, comorbidities, COVID-19 exposure, protective behaviours, and symptoms. Findings: 2496 DETECTCoV-19 cohort participants returned for a follow-up visit between Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020, of whom 204 reported having COVID-19 before the first visit and 24 had no data regarding previous disease status. 559 participants were seropositive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at baseline. Of the remaining 1709 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 71 did not meet the criteria for seroconversion and were excluded from the analyses. Among the remaining 1638 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 214 showed seroconversion at visit 2. The seroconversion incidence was 13·06% (95% CI 11·52–14·79) overall and 6·78% (5·61–8·10) for symptomatic seroconversion, over a median follow-up period of 57 days (IQR 54–61). 48·1% of seroconversion events were estimated to be asymptomatic. The sample had higher proportions of affluent and higher-educated people than those reported for the Manaus city population. In the fully adjusted and corrected model, risk factors for seroconversion before visit 2 were having a COVID-19 case in the household (IRR 1·49 [95% CI 1·21–1·83]), not wearing a mask during contact with a person with COVID-19 (1·25 [1·09–1·45]), relaxation of physical distancing (1·31 [1·05–1·64]), and having flu-like symptoms (1·79 [1·23–2·59]) or a COVID-19 diagnosis (3·57 [2·27–5·63]) between the first and second visits, whereas working remotely was associated with lower incidence (0·74 [0·56–0·97]). Interpretation: An intense infection transmission period preceded the second wave of COVID-19 in Manaus. Several modifiable behaviours increased the risk of seroconversion, including non-compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions measures such as not wearing a mask during contact, relaxation of protective measures, and non-remote working. Increased testing in high-transmission areas is needed to provide timely information about ongoing transmission and aid appropriate implementation of transmission mitigation measures. Funding: Ministry of Education, Brazil; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas; Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO.World Health OrganizationRevisión por pare

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Narrating the current history: The image building of social groups in conflict in the protests of June 2013 in Brazil

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar, por meio de categorias dos modelos mentais de evento, conforme van Dijk – no caso, participantes e ações –, como os grupos sociais envolvidos nos protestos, ocorridos em junho de 2013, no Brasil, são representados nas narrativas midiáticas e como essa representação contribui ou não para a credibilidade desses protestos e, consequentemente, para a construção da imagem dos grupos envolvidos no conflito. Para sua realização, filiamo-nos ao quadro teórico da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), proposto por van Dijk, com o objetivo de compreender o funcionamento discursivo das narrativas midiáticas na construção da imagem desses grupos, nas seguintes revistas semanais de informação: Veja, Isto É, Época e Carta Capital. Nossas análises revelaram-nos como os posicionamentos ideológicos dos locutores das narrativas possibilitam a divisão desses grupos em NÓS e ELES, de acordo com óticas particulares sobre o evento em questão. Palavras-chave: manifestações, narrativas, discurso midiático.The present paper aims at analyzing the representation of social groups involved in the protests in June 2013, in Brazil, trough the study of categories of mental model of events, as van Dijk – in case, participants and his actions – in media narratives. Through this analysis, the study aims to understand how the representation of these groups contributes or not to the credibility of the protests and to build the image of the groups involved in the conflict. Within the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD), proposed by van Dijk, this article aims to investigate the discursive function of media narratives in the construction of image of these groups in the following magazines: Veja, Isto É, Época and Carta Capital. The analysis of these articles revealed how ideological positions of narrative’s subjects enable the division of these groups in US and THEM, based on particular visions about the event.Keywords: protests, narratives, media discourse

Whole-exome identifies germline variants in families with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) (OMIM #107650) is characterized by complete or partial obstruction of the upper airways, resulting in periods of sleep associated apnea. OSAS increases morbidity and mortality risk from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. While heritability of OSAS is estimated at ∼40%, the precise underlying genes remain elusive. Brazilian families with OSAS that follows as seemingly autosomal dominant inheritance pattern were recruited.Methods: The study included nine individuals from two Brazilian families displaying a seemingly autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of OSAS. Whole exome sequencing of germline DNA were analyzed using Mendel, MD software. Variants selected were analyzed using Varstation® with subsequent analyses that included validation by Sanger sequencing, pathogenic score assessment by ACMG criteria, co-segregation analyses (when possible) allele frequency, tissue expression patterns, pathway analyses, effect on protein folding modeling using Swiss-Model and RaptorX.Results: Two families (six affected patients and three unaffected controls) were analyzed. A comprehensive multistep analysis yielded variants in COX20 (rs946982087) (family A), PTPDC1 (rs61743388) and TMOD4 (rs141507115) (family B) that seemed to be strong candidate genes for being OSAS associated genes in these families.Conclusion: Sequence variants in COX20, PTPDC1 and TMOD4 seemingly are associated with OSAS phenotype in these families. Further studies in more, ethnically diverse families and non-familial OSAS cases are needed to better define the role of these variants as contributors to OSAS phenotype

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data