Avaliação do nível de distress em pacientes oncológicos atendidos em um ambulatório de quimioterapia

The aim of this study was to describe the socio-economic, occupational and clinical characteristics of cancer patients undergoing outpatient chemotherapy treatment and to assess the level of distress during chemotherapy treatment, using the Distress Thermometer instrument. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, developed at the chemotherapy outpatient clinic of a University Hospital, with 30 cancer patients. The Distress Thermometer instrument was used, and the data were analyzed using Software R (4.0.0). As a result, it was identified that the majority were men, average age of 59.5 years, married, employed and monthly income between 1 and 5 minimum wages. The result of the Distress Thermometer observed a high degree of suffering (>4), with a mean of 6.3 and standard deviation of 2.54. Associations between explanatory variables and outcome were not statistically significant. It was concluded that the instrument evaluated the level of distress of patients, being an important tool in nursing consultations in chemotherapy, favoring the perception and monitoring of stressors.O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características socioeconômico–ocupacionais e clínicas dos pacientes oncológicos em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial e avaliar o nível de distress no tratamento quimioterápico, utilizando o instrumento Termômetro do Distress. Este estudo foi descritivo, de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido no ambulatório de quimioterapia de um Hospital Universitário, com 30 pacientes oncológicos. Utilizou-se o instrumento Termômetro do Distress, sendo os dados analisados através do Software R (4.0.0). Como resultados, identificou-se que a maioria era homem, média de idade de 59,5 anos, casados, empregados e renda mensal entre 1 e 5 salários-mínimos. O resultado do Termômetro do Distress observou alto grau de sofrimento (>4), com média de 6,3 e desvio padrão de 2,54. As associações entre as variáveis explanatórias e desfecho não foram estatisticamente significantes. Concluiu-se que o instrumento avaliou o nível de distress dos pacientes, sendo ferramenta importante nas consultas de enfermagem em quimioterapia, favorecendo a percepção e o acompanhamento dos fatores estressores

Avaliação do nível de distress em pacientes oncológicos atendidos em um ambulatório de quimioterapia

The aim of this study was to describe the socio-economic, occupational and clinical characteristics of cancer patients undergoing outpatient chemotherapy treatment and to assess the level of distress during chemotherapy treatment, using the Distress Thermometer instrument. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, developed at the chemotherapy outpatient clinic of a University Hospital, with 30 cancer patients. The Distress Thermometer instrument was used, and the data were analyzed using Software R (4.0.0). As a result, it was identified that the majority were men, average age of 59.5 years, married, employed and monthly income between 1 and 5 minimum wages. The result of the Distress Thermometer observed a high degree of suffering (>4), with a mean of 6.3 and standard deviation of 2.54. Associations between explanatory variables and outcome were not statistically significant. It was concluded that the instrument evaluated the level of distress of patients, being an important tool in nursing consultations in chemotherapy, favoring the perception and monitoring of stressors.O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características socioeconômico–ocupacionais e clínicas dos pacientes oncológicos em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial e avaliar o nível de distress no tratamento quimioterápico, utilizando o instrumento Termômetro do Distress. Este estudo foi descritivo, de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido no ambulatório de quimioterapia de um Hospital Universitário, com 30 pacientes oncológicos. Utilizou-se o instrumento Termômetro do Distress, sendo os dados analisados através do Software R (4.0.0). Como resultados, identificou-se que a maioria era homem, média de idade de 59,5 anos, casados, empregados e renda mensal entre 1 e 5 salários-mínimos. O resultado do Termômetro do Distress observou alto grau de sofrimento (>4), com média de 6,3 e desvio padrão de 2,54. As associações entre as variáveis explanatórias e desfecho não foram estatisticamente significantes. Concluiu-se que o instrumento avaliou o nível de distress dos pacientes, sendo ferramenta importante nas consultas de enfermagem em quimioterapia, favorecendo a percepção e o acompanhamento dos fatores estressores

Uso de drogas e o aumento das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: uma revisão sistemática: Drug use and the increase in sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review

Populações de usuários de drogas têm sido associadas a epidemias de infecções ou Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, especialmente a infecção pelo HIV (que está associada a drogas injetáveis, uso de equipamentos contaminados para drogas injetáveis e sexo inseguro). A droga mais associada às DSTs é a cocaína fumável de base livre (crack), devido ao aumento dos comportamentos sexuais de risco. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender o impacto do uso de drogas no aumento das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Para isso, adotou-se como metodologia a revisão sistemática de literatura, realizando buscas nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed e BVS/Medline a partir do uso de descritores DeCS/MeSH e aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A partir da análise e interpretação dos dados, concluiu-se que que pessoas que fazem uso abusivo de drogas lícitas ou ilícitas, sejam elas mulheres, homens, adolescentes, jovens, adultos, idosos, em situação de rua ou não, tendem a desenvolver comportamentos vulneráveis que pode resultar em IST. Somado a isso, enquanto comportamento de risco, tem-se a preferência por não usar preservativo, seja em relações sexuais com pessoas monogâmicas como com dois ou mais parceiros. Nesses casos, tanto o uso exacerbado de drogas como a falta de informação sobre comportamento sexual demonstram-se insuficientes

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Localized nasopharyngeal amyloidosis

Introduction: The amyloidosis is a benign deposit disease and may be systemic or localized. It's uncommon when localized in the head and neck. Objective: To present the case of a patient with localized nasopharyngeal amyloidosis and discuss its presentation. Case Report: Male, white, 46-year-old patient with rhinorrhea, aural plenitude and recurrent epistaxis whose amyloidosis diagnosis was carried out through nasal lesion biopsy. The clinical and radiological findings, as well as the primary disease management are discussed. Final Comments: In the absence of a systemic disease, the nasal amyloidosis must be treated in a conservative manner

Drug therapy and vascular devices used by patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a descriptive study / Terapia medicamentosa e dispositivos vasculares utilizados por doentes hospitalizados para a COVID-19: um estudo descritivo

To describe drug therapy and types of vascular access adopted in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 and admitted to the clinical wards of a university hospital, a referential institution for COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Descriptive, retrospective documentary study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 243 electronic medical records from hospitalized patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, between April and June 2020. The selection of participants took place by intentional non-probabilistic sampling. Peripheral venous access was the mostly applied in 83.5% of the patients. The mostly used classes of drugs were analgesics, (81.9%), followed by antiemetics (70.4%), and antihypertensives (51.9%). For medications directed to COVID-19, azithromycin, oseltamivir, ceftriaxone, and hydroxychloroquine stands out with 67.5%, 58.8%, 50.2% and 27.2%, respectively.  Regarding the treatment directed to COVID-19, the medications mostly taken were azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine, justified to a large extent by being recommended by the Ministry of Health in the treatment, according to signs and symptoms (Brazil, 2020).  Patients treated with the medications described had good recovery from the clinical condition. Thus, studies based on randomized clinical trials are suggested to prove the efficacy of drug therapies, including their combination

Clinical nursing care protocol for convalescent plasma transfusion in patients with COVID-19

Introduction: The treatment of COVID-19 is still challenge. So convalescent plasma can be an important alternative of treatment. Protocols with nursing care during infusion is very important to guide an effective and safety care Objective: to analyze the evidence in the literature on the action of convalescent plasma, of the use of protocols with nursing care to use convalescent plasma and build a nursing care protocol for transfusion in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Methodological study carried out in two stages: scoping review. The search was done using the descriptors: convalescent plasma transfusion, convalescent plasma, and acute respiratory syndromes or COVID-19, to found protocols and effectiveness of convalescent plasm. Beside was done a specialist panel to build the protocol. Results: Low-evidence studies have shown improvement in the clinical signs of COVID-19 using Convalescent Plasma, reduction or elimination of viral load, benefits in the production of lymphocytes, decreases C-reactive protein, increases titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, positive evolution in lung involvement identified by X-rays, decrease in hospitalization. No studies were found in the databases on the protocol for clinical nursing care in plasma transfusion. Therefore, a protocol was developed with the description of clinical nursing care to be performed before, during and after the transfusion by plasma: checking of vital signs and indicative signs of transfusion reaction, measurement of oxygen saturation, assessment of venous access and checking of the level of consciousness. Conclusion: There are no evidence studies to support the use of plasma, nor anything related to bundles