Remembering Bernard Juillerat. Visiting the Bánaro after Richard Thurnwald

Bernard Juillerat followed in Richard Thurnwald’s footsteps as a result of their common interest in the impact of specific social structures on the psyche of individuals. Both considered research in New Guinea as particularly rewarding for answering such questions in an area unaffected by European-American culture. This article will discuss Bernard's restudy of a group of people, living by the Keram river, which had first been contacted by Thurnwald in 1913 and had been described by him as “the Bánaro”. Their complex social structure, analysed by Thurnwald in two different publications in 1916 and 1920, made them the subject of one of the earliest monographs on a Melanesian society. In restudying and analysing Thurnwald's work Juillerat, like Thurnwald, contributed significantly to the history of ethnology.Bernard Juillerat, en s’intéressant aux effets des structures sociales sur la psyché individuelle, a mis ses pas dans ceux de Richard Thurnwald (1869-1954). Tous deux sont allés en Nouvelle-Guinée enquêter spécialement sur ce sujet et tâcher de l’élucider en s’affranchissant des influences culturelles européennes ou américaines. Le présent article discute l’étude à nouveaux frais qu’a donnée Bernard d’un groupe vivant sur les rives de la Keram, auparavant contacté en 1913 par Richard Thurnwald qui l’a décrit sous le nom de «Bánaro», et qui lui a consacré une monographie dont il a livré deux versions. Ces deux savants ont apporté de la sorte une contribution marquante à l’histoire de l’ethnologie

Surface microstructural changes of spark plasma sintered zirconia after grinding and annealing

Spark plasma sintered zirconia (3Y-TZP) specimens have been produced of 140 nm 372 nm and 753 nm grain sizes by sintering at 1250 °C, 1450 °C and 1600 °C, respectively. The sintered zirconia specimens were grinded using a diamond grinding disc with an average diamond particle size of about 60 µm, under a pressure of 0.9 MPa. The influence of grinding and annealing on the grain size has been analysed. It was shown that thermal etching after a ruff grinding of specimens at 1100 °C for one hour induced an irregular surface layer of about a few hundred nanometres in thickness of recrystallized nano-grains, independently of the initial grain size. However, if the ground specimens were exposed to higher temperature, e.g. annealing at 1575 °C for one hour, the nano-grain layer was not observed. The resulted grain size was similar to that achieved by the same heat treatments on carefully polished specimens. Therefore, by appropriate grinding and thermal etching treatments, nanograined surface layer can be obtained which increases the resistance to low temperature degradation.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The experiments of timber connections connected with toothed dowels

Ehitusinseneriõppe lõputöö Maaehituse õppekavalKäesoleva magistritöö eesmärgiks oli katseliselt uurida erinevate hammastüüblitega ühendatud puit-puiduga liidete maksimaalseid koormusi ning võrrelda saadud tulemusi arvutusvalemitega leitud väärtustega. Katse tegemiseks kasutati kolmeosalisest plankliimpuidust nelikantpalkidest valmistatud katsekehi ja kolme erinevat hammastüüblit, nendest üks oli dc = 75 mm läbimõõduga C1 tüüpi ja kaks olid dc = 50 mm ning dc = 80 mm C10 tüüpi. Iga erineva uuritava hammastüübli tüübi katse jaoks valmistati 10 katsekehade komplekti, kokku tehti 40 katset. Katsed teostati Maaülikooli puidulaboris katseseadeldisel INSTRON 3369. Katsekehad koostati ja arvutused teostati standardis EVS-EN 1995- 1-1:2005+A1+NA+A2 EUROKOODEKS 5: Osa 1-1 lõigus 8.9 toodud normidest lähtudes. Kuna uuriti ainult hammastüüblite vastuvõetavat maksimaalset kandevõimet, siis liites poldi puudumisel toimus ekstsentrilise koormuse tõttu katsekeha elementide lahknemine ja hammastüüblite tugev deformatsioon. Katsete tulemusena selgus et C10 tüüpi hammastüüblite kõik kidad töötavad seinapalkidest valmistatud puit-puiduga liidetes nihkejõudude vastvõtjana enamvähem ühtlaselt, samas kui C1 tüüpi hammastüüblite puhul lõikuvad puidukiududega paralleelsed kidad puidukiudude vahele ja nihkuvad puidus puitu lõhestades nihkejõule väiksemat vastupanu osutades. C1 tüüpi hammastüüblite katselisel teel leitud kandeväärtus oli väiksem, kuid C10 tüüpi hammastüüblite kandevõime oli suurem kui arvutuslikul teel leitud normatiivne kandevõime. Magistritöö raames tehtud uuringu põhjal on võimalik soovitada C10 tüüpi hammastüüblite kasutamist puit-puiduga liidete moodustamiseks ehituskonstruktsioonides.The purpose of this thesis was to experimentally study the maximum load carrying capacity of timber connections connected with toothed-plate connectors, and to compare these results with the calculated values obtained by applying formulas. For conducting the experiment, test objects made of square three-member glued timber logs were used together with three different toothed-plate connectors. One of the connectors was of type C1 with dc = 75 mm and two were of type C10 with dc = 50 mm and dc = 80 mm. Ten sets of test objects were prepared for each toothed-plate connector type under study, totalling 40 experiments. Experiments were carried out at the University of Life Sciences timber laboratory on the testing system INSTRON 3369. Test objects were compiled and calculations performed based on the norms defined in section 8.9 of the EVS-EN 1995-1-1:2005+A1+NA+A2 EUROCODE 5: Part 1-1 standard. Since only the maximum acceptable load-carrying capacity of toothed-plate connectors was studied, a separation of the elements of the test object and strong deformation of toothed-plate connectors appeared due to eccentric load when there was no bolt in the connection. The experiment revealed that all the teeth of the C10 type of toothed-plate connectors work rather equally in receiving the shear forces in the timber connections made of wall logs, while in case of C1 type of toothed-plate connectors the teeth that are parallel to the grain direction cut in the grain and slide in timber with less resistance to shear forces, causing the timber to split. The experimentally determined load-carrying capacity of C1 type of toothed-plate connectors was smaller. However, the loadcarrying capacity of C10 type of toothed-plate connectors was larger than the characteristic load-carrying capacity that was determined by calculations. Based on the research conducted for this thesis, it is possible to recommend the usage of C10 type of toothed-plate connectors for forming timber connections in structures.Villu Melki lõputöö pälvis Eesti Puitmajaklastri ja Puitmajaliidu 2017. aasta teadustööde konkursil I preemia

Ütluste deponeerimine tõendite tagamise meetmena võistlevas kriminalmenetluses

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2610218~S1*es

Legaalne muusikateoste failijagamine kollektiivse esindamise organisatsiooni kaudu

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2653471~S1*es

Induction of Stress-Induced Renal Cellular Senescence In Vitro: Impact of Mouse Strain Genetic Diversity.

Cellular senescence, a stress-induced state of irreversible cell cycle arrest, is associated with organ dysfunction and age-related disease. While immortalized cell lines bypass key pathways of senescence, important mechanisms of cellular senescence can be studied in primary cells. Primary tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) derived from mouse kidney are highly susceptible to develop cellular senescence, providing a valuable tool for studying such mechanisms. Here, we tested whether genetic differences between mouse inbred strains have an impact on the development of stress-induced cellular senescence in cultured PTEC. Kidneys from 129S1, B6, NOD, NZO, CAST, and WSB mice were used to isolate PTEC. Cells were monitored for expression of typical senescence markers (SA-β-galactosidase, γ-H2AX+/Ki67-, expression levels of CDKN2A, lamin B1, IL-1a/b, IL-6, G/M-CSF, IFN-g, and KC) at 3 and 10 days after pro-senescent gamma irradiation. Clear differences were found between PTEC from different strains with the highest senescence values for PTEC from WSB mice and the lowest for PTEC from 129S1 mice. PTEC from B6 mice, the most commonly used inbred strain in senescence research, had a senescence score lower than PTEC from WSB and CAST mice but higher than PTEC from NZO and 129S1 mice. These data provide new information regarding the influence of genetic diversity and help explain heterogeneity in existing data. The observed differences should be considered when designing new experiments and will be the basis for further investigation with the goal of identifying candidate loci driving pro- or anti-senescent pathways

Kidney transplant outcomes from older deceased donors : a paired kidney analysis by the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry

As the median age of deceased kidney donors rises, updated knowledge of transplant outcomes from older deceased donors in differing donor-recipient age groups is required. Using ERA-EDTA Registry data we determined survival outcomes of kidney allografts donated from the same older deceased donor (55-70 years), and transplanted into one recipient younger and one recipient of similar age to the donor. The recipient pairs were divided into two groups: group 1; younger (median age: 52 years) and older (60 years) and group 2; younger (41 years) and older (60 years). A total of 1410 adults were transplanted during 2000-2007. Compared to the older recipients, the mean number of functioning graft years at 10 years was 6 months longer in the group 1 and group 2 younger recipients (P <0.001). Ten-year graft survival was 54% and 40% for the group 1 younger and older recipients, and 60% and 49% for the group 2 younger and older recipients. Paired Cox regression analyses showed a lower risk of graft failure (group 1 younger; adjusted relative risk [RRa]:0.57, 95% CI:0.41-0.79, and group 2 younger; RRa:0.63, 95% CI:0.47-0.85) in younger recipients. Outcomes from older deceased donor allografts transplanted into differing donor-recipient age groups are better than previously reported. These allografts remain a valuable transplant resource, particularly for similar-aged recipients.Peer reviewe

Response to “Letter in response to ‘Students’ age and parental level of education influence COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy’”

[No abstract available