Far above others.

Artículo publicado como open access en Journal of Economic Theory en el volumen de diciembre de 2021 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2021.105376). Se adjunta la versión publicada, con acceso abierto abonado por la Universidad Pablo de Olavide (SHERPA https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/13874).We study the role of competitiveness, via interpersonal comparisons, in a society or a large organization. We consider a dynamic model of effort provision. Agents gain an extra utility by producing an outcome above a “comparison threshold” derived from the outcomes of their reference group in a random network. There are two different sources of competitiveness: the stringency of the comparison threshold and the weight given to relative performance in the utility function. We find that these two sources operate in opposite directions. Societies with higher competitiveness may not necessarily lead to more competitive outcomes (i.e., higher effort provision). Finally, we show that the effects of an increase in the density and variance of the network crucially depend on the stringency of the comparison threshold.Support from Ministerio de Ciencias, Innovación y Universidades (ECO2017-83147-c2-1-p, ECO2017-83147-c2-2-p and RTI2018-097620-B-I00), Junta de Andalucía – FEDER (P18-FR-3840, P18-RT-2135 and UMA18-FEDERJA-243) and Universidad Pablo de Olavide (for the open access payment) is gratefully acknowledged

In-Fiber Acousto-Optic Interaction Based on Flexural Acoustic Waves and Its Application to Fiber Modulators

The design and implementation of in-fiber acousto-optic (AO) devices based on acoustic flexural waves are presented. The AO interaction is demonstrated to be an efficient mechanism for the development of AO tunable filters and modulators. The implementation of tapered optical fibers is proposed to shape the spectral response of in-fiber AO devices. Experimental results demonstrate that the geometry of the tapered fiber can be regarded as an extra degree of freedom for the design of AO tunable attenuation filters (AOTAFs). In addition, with the objective of expanding the application of AOTAFs to operate as an amplitude modulator, acoustic reflection was intentionally induced. Hence, a standing acoustic wave is generated which produces an amplitude modulation at twice the acoustic frequency. As a particular case, an in-fiber AO modulator composed of a double-ended tapered fiber was reported. The fiber taper was prepared using a standard fusion and pulling technique, and it was tapered down to a fiber diameter of 70 μm. The device exhibits an amplitude modulation at 2.313 MHz, which is two times the acoustic frequency used (1.1565 MHz); a maximum modulation depth of 60%, 1.3 dB of insertion loss, and 40 nm of modulation bandwidth were obtained. These results are within the best results reported in the framework of in-fiber AO modulators

Understanding the retreat of the Jurassic Cantabrian coast (N. Spain): comprehensive monitoring and 4D evolution model of the Tazones Lighthouse landslide

Forecasting coastal dynamics and sea cliff retreat under different sea level rise scenarios requires a good understanding of the conditioning factors and their relative contribution to cliff stability. The so-called Jurassic Cantabrian Coast extends along 76 km of the coastline of the Asturias region (N Spain) and is well-known worldwide due to its paleontological heritage, in particular the presence of dinosaur remains and footprints. The abundance of stratigraphic, paleontological and tectonic studies contrasts with the scarcity of studies focused on the stability of this rocky coastline where cliffs predominate, sometimes exceeding 120 m in height. In fact, evidence of current and recent instability processes can be observed along the entire coastline. In this regard, continuous monitoring is crucial to understand ongoing instabilities in rocky coastlines, as in these settings some instabilities might initiate as slow movements that induce subtle topographic changes whose detection from either satellite or aerial imagery is problematic due to the spatial and temporal resolutions.This research is part of 1) the “COSINES” Project [CGL2017-83909-R], Call 2017 for RETOS Projects funded by the Spanish Economy, Industry and Competitiveness Ministry-Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO), the Spanish Research Agency-Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and the European Regional Development Found (FEDER) and 2) the GEOCANCOSTA research group, supported by the Asturian Regional Government (Spain) [grant number GRUPIN-IDI-2018-184]

Gestión del conocimiento: perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 13

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 13 de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada, de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico. Con esta colección, se aspira contribuir con el cultivo, la comprensión, la recopilación y la apropiación social del conocimiento en cuanto a patrimonio intangible de la humanidad, con el propósito de hacer aportes con la transformación de las relaciones socioculturales que sustentan la construcción social de los saberes y su reconocimiento como bien público. El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 13, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro cuenta con el apoyo de los grupos de investigación: Universidad Sur del Lago “Jesús María Semprúm” (UNESUR) - Zulia – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Falcón Alonso Gamero (UPTFAG) - Falcón – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Mérida Kléber Ramírez (UPTM) - Mérida - Venezuela; Universidad Guanajuato (UG) - Campus Celaya - Salvatierra - Cuerpo Académico de Biodesarrollo y Bioeconomía en las Organizaciones y Políticas Públicas (CABBOPP) - Guanajuato – México; Centro de Altos Estudios de Venezuela (CEALEVE) - Zulia – Venezuela, Centro Integral de Formación Educativa Especializada del Sur (CIFE - SUR) - Zulia – Venezuela; Centro de Investigaciones Internacionales SAS (CEDINTER) - Antioquia – Colombia y diferentes grupos de investigación del ámbito nacional e internacional que hoy se unen para estrechar vínculos investigativos, para que sus aportes científicos formen parte de los libros que se publiquen en formatos digital e impreso

The bureaucracy trap

We study the incentives of political parties to institute reforms that improve bureaucratic quality and increase the ability of governments to implement policy change. We consider a context of dynamic elections where current rigidities do not permit large changes in policies. We show that reforms in which a sufficient share of benefits are experienced late in time will never be implemented if parties are patient enough

Transmission and use of information in network games.

Artículo publicado en European Economic Review en el volumen de junio de 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104443). Se adjunta la versión aceptada, que según SHERPA (https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/13217) puede estar disponible en un repositorio institucional tras un embargo de 24 meses.We design an experiment to study how agents share and make use of information in networks. Agents receive payo -relevant signals automatically shared with neighbours. We compare the use of information in different network structures, considering games in which strategies are substitute, complement, and orthogonal. To study the incentives to share information across games, we also allow subjects to modify the network before playing the game. We find behavioural deviations from the theoretical prediction in the use of information, which depend on the network structure, the position in the network, and the strategic nature of the game. There is also a bias toward oversharing information, which is related to risk aversion and the position in the network.Funding from BA/Leverhulme Small Research Grants (ref. SG142951), from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (ref. RTI2018-097620-B-I00 and PID2021-127736NB-I00) and from the Junta de Andalucía-FEDER (ref. UMA18-FEDERJA-243 and P18-FR-3840) is gratefully acknowledged

Acousto-optic interaction in biconical tapered fibers: Shaping of the stopbands

The effect of a gradual reduction of the fiber diameter on the acousto-optic (AO) interaction is reported. The experimental and theoretical study of the intermodal coupling induced by a flexural acoustic wave in a biconical tapered fiber shows that it is possible to shape the transmission spectrum, for example, substantially broadening the bandwidth of the resonant couplings. The geometry of the taper transitions can be regarded as an extra degree of freedom to design the AO devices. Optical bandwidths above 45 nm are reported in a tapered fiber with a gradual reduction of the fiber down to 70 μm diameter. The effect of including long taper transition is also reported in a double-tapered structure. A flat attenuation response is reported with 3-dB stopband bandwidth of 34 nm.Fil: Ramírez Meléndez, Gustavo. Instituto de Investigacion En Comunicacion Optica; MéxicoFil: Bello Jiménez, Miguel Ángel. Instituto de Investigacion En Comunicacion Optica; MéxicoFil: Cuadrado Laborde, Christian Ariel. Universidad de Valencia; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Diéz, Antonio. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Cruz, Jose Luis. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Rodríguez Cobos, Amparo. Instituto de Investigacion En Comunicacion Optica; MéxicoFil: Balderas Navarro, Raúl. Instituto de Investigacion En Comunicacion Optica; MéxicoFil: Andrés Bou, Miguel Vicente. Universidad de Valencia; Españ

In-fiber acousto-optic interaction based on flexural acoustic waves and its application to fiber modulators

The design and implementation of in-fiber acousto-optic (AO) devices based on acoustic flexural waves are presented. The AO interaction is demonstrated to be an efficient  mechanism for the development of AO tunable filters and modulators. The implementation of tapered optical fibers is proposed to shape the spectral response of in-fiber AO devices.Experimental results demonstrate that the geometry of the tapered fiber can be regarded as an extra degree of freedom for the design of AO tunable attenuation filters (AOTAFs).In addition, with the objective of expanding the application of AOTAFs to operate as anamplitude modulator, acoustic reflection was intentionally induced. Hence, a standing acoustic wave is generated which produces an amplitude modulation at twice the acousticfrequency. As a particular case, an in-fiber AO modulator composed of a double-endedtapered fiber was reported. The fiber taper was prepared using a standard fusion and pulling technique, and it was tapered down to a fiber diameter of 70 μm. The device exhibits an amplitude modulation at 2.313MHz,which is two times the acoustic frequency used (1.1565 MHz); a maximum modulation depth of 60%, 1.3 dB of insertion loss, and 40 nm of modulation bandwidth were obtained. These results are within the best results reported in the framework of in-fiber AO modulators.Fil: Bello jiménez, Miguel Ángel. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí; MéxicoFil: Ramírez Meléndez, Gustavo. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí; MéxicoFil: Hernández Escobar, Erika. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí; MéxicoFil: Camarillo Avilés, Andrés. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí; MéxicoFil: López Estopier, Rosa. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí; México. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; MéxicoFil: Pottiez, Olivier. Centro de Investigación en Óptica; MéxicoFil: Cuadrado Laborde, Christian Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Diez, Antonio. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Cruz, Jose Luis. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Andrés Bou, Miguel Vicente. Universidad de Valencia; Españ

The Cañaveral de León stela (Huelva, Spain). A monumental sculpture in a landscape of settlements and pathways

A newly discovered prehistoric stela from Cañaveral de León (Huelva, Spain) is studied through a combination of scientific methods, including thin section petrography and lithological contextualisation, various state-of-the-art digital imaging techniques for the analysis of the engraved motifs (3D modelling and Reflectance Transformation Imaging), and detection of pigments on its surface (Principal Components Analysis, HSI-contrast stretch, ferric pigments index and algebraic operations between bands), as well as archaeological surveys aimed at establishing the landscape context the stela was part of. The results reveal this stela is analogous to a larger series of late prehistoric sculptures portraying personages with ‘headdresses’, largely concentrated in the Iberian south-west and often connected to Bronze Age settlements and burial sites. In addition, the Cañaveral de León stela is closely associated to an old pathway that has had a historical prominence in terms of long-distance mobility, connecting various regions of western Spain in a South-North direction