Efeito preventivo do flúor em alta concentração em cicatrículas e fissuras de molares decíduos: estudo in vitro

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito preventivo de compostos fluoretados em alta concentração em cicatrículas e fissuras de molares decíduos. Sessenta segundos molares decíduos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos: grupo I (ciclagem de pH); grupo II (gel de NaF a 2%, por 4min e ciclagem de pH); grupo III (gel de FFA a 1,23%, por 4min e ciclagem de pH); grupo IV (verniz de NaF a 5%, por 4min e ciclagem de pH). Após o tratamento, os espécimes foram seccionados longitudinalmente (vestíbulo-lingualmente), obtendo-se 2 secções, que foram utilizadas no teste de microdureza e na análise em microscopia de luz polarizada. Os valores de dureza Knoop foram convertidos em % de volume mineral. Os valores de % de volume mineral não mostraram diferença estatisticamente significante entre os 4 grupos. A grande maioria das lesões de subsuperfície apresentaram-se com pseudo-isotropia. O teste ANOVA indicou não haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre as médias de profundidade das lesões dos 4 grupos. Os resultados sugerem que compostos fluoretados de alta concentração não diferem entre si com relação à redução da perda mineral

Ação de abrasivos no esmalte humano submetido à erosão: um estudo in situ/ex vivo

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia.This in situ/ex vivo study aimed to investigate the effects of two non-fluoridated dentifrices with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and silica (SiO2) on human permanent enamel eroded by a carbonated soft drink. During two phases over 5 days, 12 volunteers (mean age 28) used a palatal appliance with 6 enamel blocks. In each period, the appliances were immersed in the soft drink for 5 min, 4 times a day. In two moments of the erosive challenge, 2 enamel blocks were not additional treatment, 2 blocks were brushed either with a CaCO3 or SiO2 dentifrices, immediately after the erosive treatment and 2 blocks 1 h later. Brushing was made for 30 s. Between phases a 2 day washout period was followed. An in vitro study was also conducted to investigate artificial and natural saliva influence on the erosion variation. The results were expressed in enamel roughness (Ra, ìm) and morphology analysis. The eroded and abrasioned enamel blocks showed superficial roughness changes significant higher than the eroded blocks (p<0.05). Blocks submitted to immediate abrasion or 1 h later did not show significant statistical difference. Both dentifrices had a similar abrasive effect on the eroded blocks. There was no significant difference in roughness between the enamel blocks from the experimental group (in vitro) and blocks from the in situ/ex vivo groups (CaCO3 and SiO2 control). Data showed that independently of the abrasive used, surface roughness is increased when erosion is associated to dental abrasion. It also did not have a 12 higher effect when comparing natural with artificial saliva in relation to denta

Oral health self-perception among adults at a primary healthcare unit

Oral health self-perception is the individual assessment of the oral conditions. Objective: To evaluate the oral health self-perception of adults and the factorsthat influence this perception. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary healthcare unit in São Luís, Maranhão. Data were collected through the administration of a not validated questionnaire and a clinical examination at the dental office. The outcome was oral health self-perception and the independent variables were age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, schooling, monthly household income, dental treatment, the conclusion of treatment, last type of service used, toothache in the previous six months, untreated dental caries, missing teeth, the DMFT index, root caries and removable partial denture. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square tests were performed with a 5% level of significance. Results: The sample was composed by 129 adults aged 25 to 55 years. The female gender (80.6%), brown skincolor (62.8%) and low income (55.8%) were the most prevalent independent variables. Ninety-three percent of the sample had undergone some type of dental treatment, but only 36.4% concluded treatment. Seventy-nine percent perceived their oral health as negative. No significant associations were found between a negative self-perception and the independent variables analyzed. Conclusion: Most of surveyed individuals had a negative self-perception of their oral health, however, the perception was not associated with any of the exploratory variables

Effect of Root Repair Materials and Bioactive Glasses on Microhardness of Dentin

Introduction: The use of bioactive glasses to re-establish or increase mechanical properties of the root dentin may be an interesting alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of root repair materials and bioactive glasses on the microhardness of human root dentin. Methods and Materials: Sixty-four sectioned palatal roots of human molars were prepared and two slices were obtained of the middle third of each root (one corresponding to the control group, without treatment, and the other to the experimental group). The pairs of slices were randomly divided into four groups (n=16). The root canal of experimental slices were filled with one of the following materials: mineral trioxide aggregate (Angelus MTA, Angelus, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil), EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM, Brassler, Savannah, GA, USA), Bioglass (45S5) and an experimental niobophosphate glass (NbG). The specimens were stored in an oven at 37ºC, in an environment with 100% humidity for 60 days. The specimens were subjected to a microhardness test. Four indentations were made at a distance of 20 µm from the root canal lumen. For microhardness analysis, comparing the experimental groups and their respective controls, the Student’s-t test was applied. For comparison of the percentage increase in microhardness between the groups, the data were statistically analyzed by using One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: All the materials significantly increased the dentin microhardness values (P&lt;0.05). MTA showed a higher increase in microhardness (94.8±42.7%), similar to that of EndoSequence (62.3±39.9%). The 45S5 (46.5±30.0%) and NbG (53.8±31.3%) showed the lowest percentages of increase in microhardness, but were statistically similar to those of EndoSequence. Conclusion: All the materials tested were capable of increasing root dentin microhardness.Keywords: Bioactive Glass 45S5; Dental Materials; Hardness Test; Microhardness Tests; Root Canal Filling Material

Avaliação da gestão do cuidado em saúde bucal na atenção básica através dos indicadores de saúde / Evaluation of oral health care management in basic care through health indicators

A avaliação da gestão do cuidado em saúde permite o redirecionamento do modelo de atenção à saúde verso à resolutividade, proporcionando melhoria dos serviços ofertados. A pesquisa desenvolvida descreveu os indicadores de saúde bucal da atenção básica do município de São Luís visando identificar avanços e limitações na gestão da atenção à saúde bucal. Realizou-se estudo descritivo com dados do SIA/SUS. Os resultados demonstraram que apenas 34,63% da população estavam cobertos pelas equipes de saúde bucal, além de baixo percentual de indivíduos que participaram de ações coletivas de escovação dental supervisionada (0,15%). A análise dos indicadores de saúde bucal da atenção básica permite concluir que a assistência oferecida no município de São Luís apresentou fragilidades quanto à cobertura e provisão de ações e serviços de saúde bucal demonstrando vulnerabilidades no cuidado e atenção à saúde bucal

Assessment of the aesthetic impact and quality of life of home dental bleaching in adult patients

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide on the quality of life and aesthetic perception of patients. A total of 107 patients between 18 and 38 years of age with good oral and general health and at least on

Cardiovascular risk factors in military personnel of the brazilian airforce at Alcântara (MA)

Objective: To investigate the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in military personnel of the Brazilian Air Force in Alcântara, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with clinical records of 240 active military personnel from the Medical and Statistical Archives Service and nutritional assessment from the Nutrition Subsection Sector. The modifiable (diabetes mellitus - DM, systemic arterial hypertension - SAH, generalized obesity, abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, sedentarism, smoking, and alcoholism) and non-modifiable (gender and age) cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric data, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were extracted. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was applied (a=5%). Results: The sample was predominantly male (55.8%) and with a mean age of 33 (±8.4) years. The most prevalent risk factors were overweight (43.8%), abdominal obesity (42.9%), generalized obesity (21.3%), alcoholism (34.6%), and sedentary lifestyle (31.3%). Regarding the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors in relation to gender, a significant association was found with SAH, sedentarism, abdominal obesity and nutritional status (p=0.004, p=0.027, p=0.040 and p=0.018, respectively). For the sample studied, 2.7% had CVD. Conclusions: The predominant cardiovascular risk factors were overweight, abdominal obesity, generalized obesity, alcoholism and sedentary lifestyle. In men, hypertension and overweight were predominant, and in women, sedentarism and abdominal obesity.Objetivo: investigar a frequência de fatores de risco cardiovascular em  militares da Força Aérea Brasileira em Alcântara, Brasil. Metodologia: estudo transversal retrospectivo foi realizado            com registros clínicos de 240 militares ativos e oriundos de prontuários do Serviço de Arquivo Médico         e Estatístico, e de avaliação nutricional do Setor de Subseção de Nutrição. Foram extraídos os fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis (diabetes mellitus - DM, hipertensão arterial sistêmica - HAS, obesidade geral, obesidade abdominal, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia, sedentarismo, tabagismo e etilismo) e não modificáveis (sexo e idade), dados antropométricos e de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Estatística descritiva e teste qui-quadrado foi aplicado (a=5%). Resultados: a amostra foi predominantemente de homens (55,8%) e com média de idade de 33 (±8,4) anos. Os fatores de risco  mais prevalentes foram sobrepeso (43,8%), obesidade abdominal (42,9%), obesidade geral (21,3%), etilismo (34,6%) e   sedentarismo (31,3%). Quanto a distribuição dos fatores de risco cardiovascular em relação ao gênero, foi constatada  associação significativa com HAS, sedentarismo, obesidade abdominal e estado nutricional (p=0,004, p=0,027, p=0,040 e p=0,018, respectivamente). Para a amostra, 2,7% apresentavam DCV. Conclusão: os fatores de risco cardiovascular predominantes foram sobrepeso, obesidade abdominal, obesidade geral, etilismo e sedentarismo. Nos homens foi  predominante a hipertensão e o excesso de peso e nas mulheres, o sendentarismo e a obesidade abdominal

Filling Material Bond Strength to Dentin Is Positively Influenced by the Agitation of Endodontic Final Irrigating Solutions

Introduction: The final step of irrigation has been considered to of increase the bonding strength of filling material to dentin. This study investigated the impact of three final-step irrigation methods on the endodontic sealer bond strength to dentin by using a micro push-out test. Materials and Methods: Palatal roots of human maxillary molars were cleaned and shaped and randomly divided in six groups (n=15) according to the final-step irrigation method and the type of root canal sealer used. The solutions used for the final-step irrigation were 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, which underwent three methods: 1) syringe-needle irrigation/conventional, 2) passive ultrasonic irrigation, and 3) XP-endo Finisher agitation. The root canal sealers used were: EndoSequence BC Sealer, and AH-Plus sealer. Roots were obturated with the single cone technique and then, cross-sectioned in 2-mm-thick slices (3 slices from each root). Push-out test was performed on the sliced specimens (cervical, middle, and apical thirds) with a universal testing machine. Bond strength values were recorded in megapascal (MPa). Subsequently, each specimen was longitudinally split to verify the type of failure. Data analysis was performed using Johnson transformation, three-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s post-hoc tests, and the partial Eta squared test. Results: There were significant differences in bond strength between the sealers [AH: 4.46±2.24 and BC: 3.47±2.19 MPa (P&lt;0.001)]; between final-step irrigation methods [passive ultrasonic irrigation: 4.52±2.25, XP-endo Finisher: 3.93±3.93 and syringe-needle irrigation/conventional: 3.37±2.51 MPa (P&lt;0.001)], and between the root canal thirds represented by the sliced specimens [cervical: 5.45±2.39, middle: 4.14±1.99 and apical: 2.30±1.30 MPa (P&lt;0.001)]. The interaction between the variables had no significance (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Agitation of the final irrigating solution may improve the bonding of the sealer to canal walls. AH-Plus sealer had the highest bond strength. The bond strength reduced significantly towards the apical third

DIFICULDADES ENFRENTADAS PELOS PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA

The daily life of humanity has been strongly impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic and cancer patients, being a risk group, since they show unfavorable outcomes when they are infected. The objective is to evaluate and analyze the guidelines for the treatment and management of the cancer population in the pandemic period. The Virtual Health Library and Lilacs platforms were used to select articles referring to the treatment of cancer patients during the Covid-19 pandemic, selecting 10 publications that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The articles corroborated the need for particular treatment strategies and the adoption of preventive measures against the infection caused by Sars-CoV-2. The studies and research discussed active treatment, palliative care and mental health of both patients and health professionals. It can be affirmed that the ideal treatment is to balance the measures to prevent the contagion of the virus and the strategies to offer the best treatment considering the particular aspects of each case, the well-being of patients, as well as health professionals, the impact of late diagnoses and the accumulation of surgeries for the current and future treatment of cancer patients and the health network.La vida cotidiana de la humanidad se ha visto gravemente afectada por la pandemia de Covid-19 y los pacientes con cáncer son un grupo de riesgo, ya que presentan resultados desfavorables cuando se infectan. El objetivo es evaluar y analizar las pautas de tratamiento y gestión de la población oncológica durante la pandemia. Se utilizaron las plataformas Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Lilacs para seleccionar artículos sobre el tratamiento de pacientes con cáncer durante la pandemia de Covid-19, seleccionando 10 publicaciones que cumplían los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los artículos corroboraron la necesidad de estrategias particulares de tratamiento y la adopción de medidas preventivas contra la infección causada por Sars-CoV-2.&nbsp; Los estudios e investigaciones abordaron el tratamiento activo, los cuidados paliativos y la salud mental tanto de los pacientes como de los profesionales sanitarios. Se puede afirmar que el tratamiento ideal es equilibrar las medidas para prevenir el contagio del virus y las estrategias para ofrecer el mejor tratamiento, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos particulares de cada caso, el bienestar de los pacientes y de los profesionales sanitarios, el impacto del diagnóstico tardío y la acumulación de cirugías en el tratamiento actual y futuro de los pacientes con cáncer y en la red sanitaria.O cotidiano da humanidade sofreu um forte impacto com a pandemia da Covid-19 e os pacientes oncológicos, sendo grupo de risco, uma vez que demonstram desfechos desfavoráveis quando são infectados. O objetivo é descrever as dificuldades encontradas pelos pacientes oncológicos no período da pandemia. Foram utilizadas as plataformas Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e Lilacs para selecionar artigos referentes ao tratamento de pacientes oncológicos durante a pandemia do Covid-19, selecionando 10 publicações que satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os artigos corroboraram com a necessidade de estratégias particulares ao tratamento e a adoção de medidas preventivas contra a infecção provocada pela Sars-CoV-2. Os estudos e as pesquisas discorreram quanto ao tratamento ativo, os cuidados paliativos e a saúde mental tanto dos pacientes quanto dos profissionais da área de saúde. Pode-se afirmar que o tratamento ideal é equilibrar as medidas de prevenção ao contágio do vírus e as estratégias para ofertar o melhor tratamento ponderando os aspectos particulares de cada caso, o bem-estar dos pacientes, assim como dos profissionais de saúde, o impacto dos diagnósticos desempenhados de maneira tardia e o acúmulo de cirurgias para o tratamento atual e futuro dos pacientes oncológicos e da rede de saúde.O cotidiano da humanidade sofreu um forte impacto com a pandemia da Covid-19 e os pacientes oncológicos, sendo grupo de risco, uma vez que demonstram desfechos desfavoráveis quando são infectados. O objetivo é descrever as dificuldades encontradas pelos pacientes oncológicos no período da pandemia. Foram utilizadas as plataformas Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e Lilacs para selecionar artigos referentes ao tratamento de pacientes oncológicos durante a pandemia do Covid-19, selecionando 10 publicações que satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os artigos corroboraram com a necessidade de estratégias particulares ao tratamento e a adoção de medidas preventivas contra a infecção provocada pela Sars-CoV-2. Os estudos e as pesquisas discorreram quanto ao tratamento ativo, os cuidados paliativos e a saúde mental tanto dos pacientes quanto dos profissionais da área de saúde. Pode-se afirmar que o tratamento ideal é equilibrar as medidas de prevenção ao contágio do vírus e as estratégias para ofertar o melhor tratamento ponderando os aspectos particulares de cada caso, o bem-estar dos pacientes, assim como dos profissionais de saúde, o impacto dos diagnósticos desempenhados de maneira tardia e o acúmulo de cirurgias para o tratamento atual e futuro dos pacientes oncológicos e da rede de saúde

Avaliação do impacto do clareamento dental na qualidade de vida de pacientes adultos

RESUMO Objetivo: este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto do clareamento dental profissional na qualidade de vida de pacientes. Método: foram selecionados 40 pacientes em tratamento de clareamento dental de consultório com peróxido de hidrogênio a 35%, e que atenderam a critérios específicos de inclusão e exclusão. Para determinar o impacto do clareamento dental na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, foi aplicado o questionário OHIP-14, contendo 14 perguntas divididas em 7 domínios avaliando os aspectos: limitação funcional, dor física, desconforto psicológico, incapacidade física, incapacidade psicológica, incapacidade social e desvantagem social, antes do inicio e 30 dias após finalizado o clareamento dental. Resultados: os escore total do Ohip-14 e dos domínios foram comparados nos dois momentos (antes e após o clareamento), por meio do teste de Wilcoxon, que não mostrou diferencia significante (p<0.05%), para todos os domínios, com exceção do domínio desconforto psicológico no qual foi observado uma diminuição de impacto após o procedimento clareador. Conclusão: o OHIP 14 mostrou que o procedimento clareador favorece a estética dos indivíduos, melhorando sua qualidade de vida e, diminuindo assim, o estresse frente aos impactos psicológicos em sociedade. ABSTRACT Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the impact of professional tooth bleaching on patients' quality of life. Methods: a total of 40 patients were selected in the treatment of office tooth bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide, which met specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. To determine the impact of dental bleaching on patients' quality of life, the OHIP-14 questionnaire was used, containing 14 questions divided into 7 domains assessing aspects: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical incapacity, psychological incapacity, social incapacity and social disadvantage, before the beginning and 30 days after dental bleaching was completed. Results: the total Ohip-14 score and domains were compared at both time points (before and after bleaching) using the Wilcoxon test, which showed no significant difference (p <0.05%) for all domains, except for the psychological discomfort domain in which a reduction in impact was observed after the bleaching procedure. Conclusion: OHIP-14 showed that the bleaching procedure favors the aesthetics of individuals, improving their quality of life, thus reducing the stress on the psychological impacts on society