Context guided belief propagation for remote sensing image classification.

We propose a context guided belief propagation (BP) algorithm to perform high spatial resolution multispectral imagery (HSRMI) classification efficiently utilizing superpixel representation. One important characteristic of HSRMI is that different land cover objects possess a similar spectral property. This property is exploited to speed up the standard BP (SBP) in the classification process. Specifically, we leverage this property of HSRMI as context information to guide messages passing in SBP. Furthermore, the spectral and structural features extracted at the superpixel level are fed into a Markov random field framework to address the challenge of low interclass variation in HSRMI classification by minimizing the discrete energy through context guided BP (CBP). Experiments show that the proposed CBP is significantly faster than the SBP while retaining similar performance as compared with SBP. Compared to the baseline methods, higher classification accuracy is achieved by the proposed CBP when the context information is used with both spectral and structural features

Hidden Caldeira-Leggett dissipation in a Bose-Fermi Kondo model

We show that the Bose-Fermi Kondo model (BFKM), which may find applicability both to certain dissipative mesoscopic qubit devices and to heavy fermion systems described by the Kondo lattice model, can be mapped exactly onto the Caldeira-Leggett model. This mapping requires an ohmic bosonic bath and an Ising-type coupling between the latter and the impurity spin. This allows us to conclude unambiguously that there is an emergent Kosterlitz-Thouless quantum phase transition in the BFKM with an ohmic bosonic bath. By applying a bosonic numerical renormalization group approach, we thoroughly probe physical quantities close to the quantum phase transition.Comment: Final version appearing in Physical Review Letter

How is the Australian tourism and hospitality curriculum and assessment quality framework perceived elsewhere? A Taiwanese Case Study

External evaluations of curriculum and assessment design have received increasing attention in higher education. However, cross- border evaluations of programs have not yet caught up with the more significant push toward the internationalisation of global partnerships. Addressing this knowledge gap, the motivation of this study is to explore how the Australian tourism and hospitality curriculum and assessment framework is perceived in Taiwan. However, few institutions in Taiwan have embarked on this due to two main factors – lack of nationwide compliance and the perceived high-power distance that exists between academic staff of various ranks (e.g. professor vs. assistant professor). These out-comes contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the con-textual differences that need to be addressed before adopting cross-national forms of external referencing involving curriculum and assessments. Insights from three focus groups and seven in- depth interviews with Taiwanese academics offer some strategies to introduce effective external evaluation outcomes

Simulation and Visualisation of Functional Landscapes: Effects of the Water Resource Competition between Plants

A-07-30International audienceVegetation ecosystem simulation and visualisation are challenging topics involving multidisciplinary aspects. In this paper, we present a new generic frame for the simulation of natural phenomena through manageable and interacting models. It focuses on the functional growth of large vegetal ecosystems, showing coherence for scales ranging from the individual plant to communities and with a particular attention to the effects of water resource competition between plants. The proposed approach is based on a model of plant growth in interaction with the environmental conditions. These are deduced from the climatic data (light, temperature, rainfall) and a model of soil hydrological budget. A set of layers is used to store the water resources and to build the interfaces between the environmental data and landscape components: temperature, rain, light, altitude, lakes, plant positions, biomass, cycles, etc. At the plant level, the simulation is performed for each individual by a structural-functional growth model, interacting with the plant's environment. Temperature is spatialised, changing according to altitude, and thus locally controls plant growth speed. The competition for water is based on a soil hydrological model taking into account rainfalls, water runoff, absorption, diffusion, percolation in soil. So far, the incoming light radiation is not studied in detail and is supposed constant. However, competition for light between plants is directly taken into account in the plant growth model. In our implementation, we propose a simple architecture for such a simulator and a simulation scheme to synchronise the water resource updating (on a temporal basis) and the plant growth cycles (determined by the sum of daily temperatures). The visualisation techniques are based on sets of layers, allowing both morphological and functional landscape views and providing interesting tools for ecosystem management. The implementation of the proposed frame leads to encouraging results that are presented and illustrate simple academic cases

3-(4-Methoxy­phen­yl)-1-(2-nitrophen­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

The title compound, C16H13NO4, was prepared from 2-nitrylhypnone [systematic name: 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanone] and 4-methoxy­benzophenone by a Claisen–Schmidt condensation. The dihedral angle formed by the two benzene rings is 80.73 (2). The crystal packing is stabilized by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Factores asociados a la deshidratación severa por Enfermedad Diarreica Aguda en niños menores de 5 años atendidos en el Hospital de Vitarte durante el año 2021

En 2018, la diarrea causó más de medio millón de muertes en niños menores de 5 años1,2. La mayoría de estas muertes ocurren en países de ingresos bajos y medianos. Mientras tanto, en los países de ingresos altos, la enfermedad rara vez es mortal, pero es una de las principales causas de visitas a la sala de emergencias y hospitalización3. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) define la diarrea aguda como tres o más deposiciones sueltas o blandas por día durante 3 o más días y menos de 14 días.4 Por otro lado, la Academia Estadounidense de Pediatría (AAP) define la gastroenteritis aguda como una enfermedad diarreica rápidamente progresiva con o sin síntomas como náuseas, vómitos, fiebre o dolor abdominal.5 Cuando la literatura se enfoca en el impacto de la enfermedad en niños de bajos y medianos recursos, el término preferido es “diarrea aguda” o “diarrea”, mientras que cuando la literatura se enfoca en niños en países de altos ingresos, el término más utilizado es “ gastroenteritis". Aunque se basan en definiciones diferentes, todos estos términos describen la misma enfermedad: infecciones gastrointestinales causadas por microorganismos específicos como rotavirus, norovirus, salmonella, E. coli y campylobacter