3,909 research outputs found
Detecting Association of Gene-Environment Interactions in Common and Rare Variants for Hypertension
Subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) or secondary cancers are one of the most negative effects resulting from cancer treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation. Given the severity and high incidence of mortality faced by cancer survivors, it is critical that we understand the cause of SMNs so that preventive measures or intervention can be done for individuals facing a higher risk of SMN incidence. The purpose of this thesis is to test the efficacy of newly developed statistical methods used to identify gene-environment interactions that are associated with a specific disease, in this case, SMNs, considering both common and rare variants, using optimally weighted combinations and generalized linear models. \\
The models proposed are a variation of the model to Test the effect of an Optimally Weighted combination of variants (TOW) and the Variable Weight TOW (VW-TOW). Two newly proposed weighting schemes, Inverse Standard Deviation (ISD) and the Correlation Coefficient Method (CCM) are tested.
In order to test the models, real life data from previous studies is analyzed to target and identify genetic variants that have been shown to have an association with a disease, in this case, hypertension, comparing the analyses and results to a study done in testing rare variants for hypertension using family-based tests with different weighting schemes. The study focuses on data from Chromosome 3 genotyped during the Genetic Analysis Workshop 18 (GAW18), obtaining similar results to those in the hypertension study and the GAW18 study.
Partial results from simulated studies are shown to support the methods\u27 development and preliminary analyses. Comparisons are then done with existing methods to show when they exceed current standards
Impact on soil degradation factors of changes in rain intensity patterns in southern Spain
In southern of Spain, the torrential nature of the rainfalls alters the soil water availability for vegetation and, consequently, its spatially and temporally pattern. This fact, combined with the current global warming, raises a modification of the eco-geomorphological processes dynamics in Mediterranean areas
Assessment of the Effect of Satureja montana and Origanum virens Essential Oils on Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production at Different Water Activities
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Aflatoxin contamination of foodstuffs poses a serious risk to food security, and it is essential to search for new control methods to prevent these toxins entering the food chain. Several essential oils are able to reduce the growth and mycotoxin biosynthesis of toxigenic species, although their efficiency is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions. In this work, the effectiveness of Satureja montana and Origanum virens essential oils to control Aspergillus flavus growth was evaluated under three water activity levels (0.94, 0.96 and 0.98 aw) using a Bioscreen C, a rapid in vitro spectrophotometric technique. The aflatoxin concentrations at all conditions tested were determined by HPLC-FLD. Aspergillus flavus growth was delayed by both essential oil treatments. However, only S. montana essential oil was able to significantly affect aflatoxin production, although the inhibition percentages widely differed among water activities. The most significant reduction was observed at 0.96 aw, which is coincident with the conditions in which A. flavus reached the highest levels of aflatoxin production. On the contrary, the treatment with S. montana essential oil was not effective in significantly reducing aflatoxin production at 0.94 aw. Therefore, it is important to study the interaction of the new control compounds with environmental factors before their application in food matrices, and in vitro ecophysiological studies are a good option since they provide accurate and rapid results.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
Promoting Design Knowledge Accumulation Through Systematic Reuse: The Case for Product Line Engineering
DSR literature raises concerns about Design Knowledge (DK) accumulation across distinct projects. We believe that DK and the artifact(s) that fleshes it out, are the two sides of the same coin, to the extent that, for DK accumulation to thrive, DSR artifacts should come along. On these premises, and with a focus on software artifacts, we advocate for complementing the relevance-design-rigor cycles with a fourth step: refactoring. By `refactoring\u27 is meant the effort that goes in making the design artifact fit to evolve. Specifically, we advocate for artifact development to introduce reuse considerations: development-with-reuse permits to start for reusable code, while development-for-reuse allows for artifact customization to be merged back to the reuse platform, and hence, making it available to subsequent projects. By intertwining ``for reuse\u27\u27 and ``by reuse\u27\u27, a reuse platform gradually emerges that expands beyond a single DSR project, and in so doing, becomes the artifact counterpart of the DK accumulation repository. To this end, we make the case for adapting Product Line Engineering (PLE) to DSR. This software development methodology advocates for systematic reuse by putting the focus on a family of artifacts rather than on one-off artifacts. This work describes the efforts so far on adopting PLE to explore a design region along three DSR projects, each with its own artifact, yet similar enough to conform a product family
Model and neural control of the depth of anesthesia during surgery
At present, the experimentation of anesthetic drugs on
patients requires a regulation protocol, and the response of each patient
to several doses of entry drug must be well known. Therefore, the
development of pharmacological dose control systems is a promising
field of research in anesthesiology.
In this paper it has been developed a non-linear compartmental
pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamical model which describes the
anesthesia depth effect on a sufficiently reliable way over a set of
patients with the depth effect quantified by the Bi-Spectral Index.
Afterwards, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predictive controller
has been designed based on the depth of anesthesia model so as to keep
the patient on the optimum condition while he undergoes surgical
treatment.
For the purpose of quantifying the efficiency of the neural predictive
controller, a classical proportional-integral-derivative controller has
also been developed to compare both strategies. Results show the
superior performance of predictive neural controller during Bi-
Spectral Index reference tracking.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Editorial
La continuidad de publicaciones en la revista Universalud, es un compromiso que se planteó desde su inicio el comité editorial, para que usted como explorador del desarrollo cientÃfico de las diversas temáticas del complejo mundo de la salud, pueda reflexionar, indagar, criticar, referenciar, aplicar y difundir a partir de lo que se da a conocer en cada uno de los artÃculos publicados.En ésta ocasión y dentro del marco internacional se presenta una entrevista realizada a la Enfermera, Directora Asociada, Programa de Grado/Profesora,Escuela de EnfermerÃa de Florida International University, la Doctora MarÃa Luisa Friedemann quien visitó Colombia en el año 2011 para ampliar la visiónde su trayectoria, en cuanto a la construcción del instrumento Assessment of Strategies in families (ASF-20) y el desarrollo de la teorÃa Marco deOrganización Sistémica y su aplicabilidad en la práctica de enfermerÃa, de gran utilidad para docentes, estudiantes y profesionales de salud. La importancia de éste desarrollo cientÃfico, hace posible que se pueda contar con tal instrumento de investigación validado y confiable, el cual permite evaluar la funcionalidad familiar fundamentado teóricamente desde cuatro dimensiones: Cambio del Sistema, Mantenimiento del Sistema, Coherencia e Individuación y cuatro metas: Estabilidad, Crecimiento, Espiritualidad y Control.Siguiendo el aporte internacional, Universalud se une a presentar nuevas propuestas en la enseñanza a través de la casuÃstica, dando a conocer las caracterÃsticas principales de la técnica de estudio de casos en salud como una metodologÃa que activa el rol del docente y permite establecer espacios de discusión, fomentando el pensamiento crÃtico a partir de situaciones reales, el cual fue escrito por Itziar Rekalde, docente e investigadora en la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay), Universidad Pedagógica Nacional de México, Universidad de Salamanca y Universidad Pública de Navarra y quien actualmente es profesora y miembro del servicio de asesoramiento educativo de la Universidad del PaÃs Vasco.Asà mismo, se dan a conocer resultados de investigaciones locales realizadas en San Gil, que permiten explorar campos como es la calidad de vidade las familias cuando tienen un hijo menor de 18 años en situación de discapacidad; el de reconocer los saberes populares describiendo las plantas medicinales más usadas en el cuidado de la salud por las familias; y el de caracterizar desde la perspectiva de riesgo de las familias con ancianos en situación de enfermedad crónica, campos en los cuales todos profesionales de la salud tenemos un compromiso de intervención.Como parte de la responsabilidad social y cientÃfica que se tiene desde Unisangil con los escenarios de práctica en convenio y con la región, se presenta el resultado de un trabajo realizado en la ESE Sanatorio de Contratación, sobre la evaluación en el proceso de regeneración epitelial en las úlceras crónicas en miembros inferiores de las personas con secuelas de lepra, el cual fue creado para la curación de éste tipo de heridas.El aporte reflexivo de la revista se presenta con un tema desde la óptica de la psicologÃa, que impacta el mundo actual, como es la victimización de niños, niñas y adolescentes que han sufrido abuso sexual. Este artÃculo, pone en manifiesto que no solo influye el acto como tal sino también todos los procesos y procedimientos que a partir del suceso provocan secuelas en las vÃctimas.Esperamos que cada uno de los artÃculos publicados, le permita mantener una lectura activa y pueda lograr interactuar con los textos aquà divulgados, siendo estos a la vez; aporte al desarrollo de sus profesiones, permitiendo hacer transformaciones innovadoras en el campo de la salud.La Director
Estratégias para reduzir a prevalência de hipertensão arterial e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população de Boa Sorte, município São João do Paraiso - Minas Gerais
A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é uma doença crônica com alta prevalência na população brasileira e mundial, com elevado custo econômico e social, principalmente em decorrência das suas complicações. A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica tem se consolidado nas últimas décadas como um dos mais preocupantes problemas de saúde em nosso país, resultando em grande demanda para o Sistema Único de Saúde, que concentra 75% dos atendimentos, nos diversos níveis de atenção à saúde. A causa exata na maioria dos casos de hipertensão não é identificada, porém sabe-se que é uma condição multifatorial. Vários são os fatores de risco que associados entre si e a outras condições favorecem o aparecimento desta patologia, sendo eles: idade, sexo, hereditariedade, raça, obesidade, estresse, anticoncepcionais orais, dieta rica em sódio e gorduras e diabetes mellitus. Após o diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial faz-se necessário a mudança no estilo de vida do indivíduo. Alterar esse estilo de vida não é uma tarefa fácil, porém se torna útil, pois assim o objetivo do tratamento será alcançado e o paciente poderá usufruir de uma vida mais saudável. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta de intervenção para reduzir a prevalência de hipertensão arterial no PSF Boa Sorte de São João do Paraíso, Minas Gerais. Para a revisão bibliográfica, optou-se por uma pesquisa online através do acesso ao centro de informação da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) através da base de dados: Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) acerca dos fatores de risco para hipertensão arterial em adultos. 0s descritores utilizados para busca foram Hipertensão arterial, fatores de risco e Atenção Primária à Saúde. As principais propostas apresentadas foram aumentar o conhecimento acerca da hipertensão arterial, adoção aos modos e estilos de vida saudáveis pelos pacientes hipertensos, aumentar o atendimento dos pacientes com fatores de riscos e aumentar a realização de atividades de promoção e prevenção em saúde
Automatización robótica de procesos en la mejora de las operaciones industriales en el sector Agroindustrial, Ica 2021
El objetivo de la investigación es determinar el grado de mejora en el proceso de
operaciones industriales en el sector agroindustrial, al implementar la
automatización robótica de proceso en Ica 2021., se midieron los resultados a
través de indicadores a) Incidencia en producción, b) Índice de satisfacción del
cliente y c) Tiempo de producción; utilizando el tipo de investigación aplicada, con
un diseño experimental puro con una población de 50 observaciones, realizando un
muestro probabilístico por cada indicador. se utilizó el instrumento de recolección
de datos la guía de observación, se realizó un análisis descriptivo también la prueba
de normalidad utilizando Shapiro- Wilk y en el análisis inferencial, se utilizó
Wilcoxon y T Student.
Se tuvo como resultado que con la implementación de la automatización robótica
de procesos mejora significativamente las operaciones industriales en el sector
agroindustrial, teniendo como puntos clave la mejora de los indicadores, las
incidencias en producción disminuyeron en un 46.69%, la calidad de producción se
incrementó en un 19.86% y el tiempo de producción se disminuyó en un 34.34%
según las situaciones iniciales
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