The archaeology of Manx church interiors: contents and contexts 1634-1925

Despite the large amount of historical church archaeology carried out within English churches, the relevance of British regional variations to conclusions reached has only been recognized relatively recently (Rodwell 1996: 202 and Yates 2006: xxi). This offered opportunities to consider possible meanings for the evolving post-Reformation furnishing arrangements within Manx churches. The resultant thesis detailed the processes involved whilst examining changes made to the Anglican liturgical arrangements inside a number of Manx and Welsh churches and chapels-of-ease between 1634 and 1925 from previously tried and tested structuration, and sometimes biographical, perspectives for evidence of changes in human and material activity in order to place Manx communities within larger British political, religious and social contexts. Findings challenged conclusions reached by earlier scholarship about the Commonwealth period in Man. Contemporary modifications to material culture inside Manx churches implied that Manx clergymen and their congregations accepted the transfer of key agency from ecclesiastical authorities to Parliamentary actors. Thus Manx religious practices appeared to have correlated more closely, albeit less traumatically, with those in England and Wales during the same period than previously recognized, although the small size of this study could not discover the geographical extent of disarray within Island parishes. Amendments made to the material culture after 1665 which indicated the status quo was soon re-established in Man probably reflected a shared, compliant paradigm. Alternatively, in England and Wales the official exclusion of dissidents from the Church of England in 1662, visible in the landscape in Nonconformist chapels from the beginning of the eighteenth century, signalled the beginnings of the Church’s loss of full judicial authority. In Man, hierarchical acceptance of moderate religious dissidence within the Anglican Church after the Restoration of the Monarchy, traditional cultural practices, and changed relationships between clergy and parishioners visible materially within the two Island parishes studied, reflected the Manx Church’s more successful strategy to maintain power. A number of sections within chapters focused on material evidence of the unusual relationships between Castletown communities and their parish church between 1704 and 1925. Consideration of seating arrangements also highlighted the effects onto various Manx communities of the sale of the Island to England in 1765. Throughout, the contents of the Welsh churches provided informative, comparative contexts that informed the hermeneutic processes undertaken. To conclude, generally this project placed previously unexplored material culture within wider church archaeology and revealed regionally-specific habitus, human agency, and material activity and trends. The structuration approach taken identified a number of issues suitable for publication, and raised unanswered questions that would benefit from further research

Regarding Reference in an Academic Library: Does the Desk Make a Difference?

Some academic libraries are consolidating their circulation and reference desks into single service points. The librarians at one academic library undertook a study to determine if such a consolidation would affect their reference service. They analyzed the number and type of questions asked during times when a librarian was physically present at the reference desk and compared it to the number and type of questions asked when a librarian was on call (not present at the desk, but available to be called to the service desk to answer reference questions) over a period of seven academic semesters. This article reports on the methodology used to collect and analyze the data and the researchers’ findings. The results show that true reference questions remained steady whether or not the reference desk was staffed. The implications are important at a time when libraries are moving to single service desks staffed by non-librarians and are unsure of the efficacy of this model

The Importance of Science in Preschool Classrooms

https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/student_scholarship_posters/1113/thumbnail.jp

Education models used across Europe to train Therapeutic Radiographers/Radiotherapists: a cross-case study

[EN] Interviews with radiotherapy (RT) stakeholders were completed across four European countries to identify the educational models used across Europe and how they affect competencies of Therapeutic Radiographers/Radiotherapists (TR/RTTs). The stakeholders identified the following educational models: Programmes below European Qualifications Framework (EQF) level 6 (EQF4 or EQF5) RT-only BSc programmes (EQF6)Multiple-specialism BSc programmes (EQF6)RT-only apprenticeships (EQF6)Multiple-specialism BSc followed by an MSc (EQF6→EQF7)Integrated masters (EQF7)RT-only pre-registration MSc (EQF7)‘Common trunk’ model (EQF6 or EQF7) Each educational model has its set of advantages and disadvantages, but most  models can be used to achieve the same essential competencies of TR/RTTs. Some models showed weaknesses in their ability to develop adequate RT competencies (low EQF level, low RT-specific content). Regulating the standards of practice at national level ensures that essential competencies are developed across all course programmes, improving the care to RT patients.EACEA (European Education and Culture Executive Agency), University of MaltaCouto, J.; Mcfadden, S.; Mcclure, P.; Bezzina, P.; Hughes, C. (2022). Education models used across Europe to train Therapeutic Radiographers/Radiotherapists: a cross-case study. En 8th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd'22). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1125-1133. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd22.2022.144051125113

Non-invasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache : a systematic review of clinical trials

Non-invasive neuromodulation therapies for migraine and cluster headache are a practical and safe alternative to pharmacologics. Comparisons of these therapies are difficult because of the heterogeneity in study designs. In this systematic review of clinical trials, the scientific rigour and clinical relevance of the available data were assessed to inform clinical decisions about non-invasive neuromodulation. PubMed, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases and the WHO's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for relevant clinical studies of non-invasive neuromodulation devices for migraine and cluster headache (1 January 1990 to 31 January 2018), and 71 were identified. This analysis compared study designs using recommendations of the International Headache Society for pharmacological clinical trials, the only available guidelines for migraine and cluster headache. Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS), single-transcranial magnetic stimulation and external trigeminal nerve stimulation (all with regulatory clearance) were well studied compared with the other devices, for which studies frequently lacked proper blinding, sham controls and sufficient population sizes. nVNS studies demonstrated the most consistent adherence to available guidelines. Studies of all neuromodulation devices should strive to achieve the same high level of scientific rigour to allow for proper comparison across devices. Device-specific guidelines for migraine and cluster headache will be soon available, but adherence to current guidelines for pharmacological trials will remain a key consideration for investigators and clinicians

A Review of the Applicability of Current Green Practices in Healthcare Facilities

Background: Circular economy (CE) has raised great interest as a concept and as a development model worldwide. This concept aims to provide a substitute for the linear economic model, which was based on production and consumption, continuous growth, and resources depletion. CE allows a greener economy with sustainable development and promotes more balanced societies. The healthcare sector is a major contributor to the climate crisis, with a carbon footprint representing 4.4% of global net emissions. It is thus essential to rethink the applicability of CE in healthcare. Methods: We conducted a scoping review guided by the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and utilised PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist. A systematic search from MEDLINE complete, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases published between 1992 and 2022. Results: Through database searching a total of 1018 records were identified and 475 duplicates were removed. From the total search, 543 articles were screened by title/abstract according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After screening, 38 full-text articles were selected and assessed for eligibility. Forty-seven additional records were also identified through other sources and screened for eligibility. Other sources included: 12 articles from snowballing of previous papers; 9 articles following peer-reviewers suggestions; 19 reports from relevant organisations in CE and healthcare; two webpage, and one book. Conclusion: Specific areas were identified where hospitals could reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and consequently their negative environmental impact, namely through waste management, energy, water, transportation/travel, hospital design, food optimisation, green procurement, and behaviour. Also, lack of staff awareness and knowledge of the environmental impact of healthcare, and hospitals sustainability were identified as major contributors.peer-reviewe

Assessment of Obstetric and Neonatal Health Services in Developing Country Health Facilities

OBJECTIVE: To describe the staffing and availability of medical equipment and medications and the performance of procedures at health facilities providing maternal and neonatal care at African, Asian, and Latin American sites participating in a multicenter trial to improve emergency obstetric/neonatal care in communities with high maternal and perinatal mortality. STUDY DESIGN: In 2009, prior to intervention, we surveyed 136 hospitals and 228 clinics in 7 sites in Africa, Asia, and Latin America regarding staffing, availability of equipment/medications, and procedures including cesarean section. RESULTS: The coverage of physicians and nurses/midwives was poor in Africa and Latin America. In Africa, only 20% of hospitals had full-time physicians. Only 70% of hospitals in Africa and Asia had performed cesarean sections in the last 6 months. Oxygen was unavailable in 40% of African hospitals and 17% of Asian hospitals. Blood was unavailable in 80% of African and Asian hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Assuming that adequate facility services are necessary to improve pregnancy outcomes, it is not surprising that maternal and perinatal mortality rates in the areas surveyed are high. The data presented emphasize that to reduce mortality in these areas, resources that result in improved staffing and sufficient equipment, supplies, and medication, along with training, are required.Fil: Manasyan, Albert. Centre for Infectious Disease Zambia; Zambia. University of Alabama at Birmingahm; Estados UnidosFil: Saleem, Sarah. Aga Khan University; PakistánFil: Koso Thomas, Marion. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Estados UnidosFil: Althabe, Fernando. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Política de Salud. Departamento de Investigación en Salud Madre e Infantil. Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pasha, Omrana. Aga Khan University; PakistánFil: Chomba, Elwyn. Centre for Infectious Disease Zambia; Zambia. University of Alabama at Birmingahm; Estados Unidos. University of Zambia; ZambiaFil: Goudar, Shivaprasad S.. KLE; IndiaFil: Patel, Archana. Indira Gandhi Government Medical College; IndiaFil: Esamai, Fabian. Moi University; KeniaFil: Garces, Ana. Francisco Marroquin University; GuatemalaFil: Kodkany, Bhala. KLE; IndiaFil: Belizan, Jose. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Política de Salud. Departamento de Investigación en Salud Madre e Infantil. Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: McClure, Elizabeth M.. Research Triangle Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Derman, Richard J.. Christiana Health Care; Estados UnidosFil: Hibberd, Patricia. Indiana University; Estados UnidosFil: Liechty, Edward A.. Massachusetts General Hospital for Children; Estados UnidosFil: Hambidge, K. Michael. State University of Colorado Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Carlo, Waldemar A.. Centre for Infectious Disease Zambia; ZambiaFil: Buekens, Pierre. Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Moore, janet. Research Triangle Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Wright, Linda L.. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Estados UnidosFil: Goldenberg, Robert L.. Columbia University; Estados Unido

Pollination in Nicotiana alata stimulates synthesis and transfer to the stigmatic surface of NaStEP, a vacuolar Kunitz proteinase inhibitor homologue

After landing on a wet stigma, pollen grains hydrate and germination generally occurs. However, there is no certainty of the pollen tube growth through the style to reach the ovary. The pistil is a gatekeeper that evolved in many species to recognize and reject the self-pollen, avoiding endogamy and encouraging cross-pollination. However, recognition is a complex process, and specific factors are needed. Here the isolation and characterization of a stigma-specific protein from N. alata, NaStEP (N. alata Stigma Expressed Protein), that is homologous to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors, are reported. Activity gel assays showed that NaStEP is not a functional serine proteinase inhibitor. Immunohistochemical and protein blot analyses revealed that NaStEP is detectable in stigmas of self-incompatible (SI) species N. alata, N. forgetiana, and N. bonariensis, but not in self-compatible (SC) species N. tabacum, N. plumbaginifolia, N. benthamiana, N. longiflora, and N. glauca. NaStEP contains the vacuolar targeting sequence NPIVL, and immunocytochemistry experiments showed vacuolar localization in unpollinated stigmas. After self-pollination or pollination with pollen from the SC species N. tabacum or N. plumbaginifolia, NaStEP was also found in the stigmatic exudate. The synthesis and presence in the stigmatic exudate of this protein was strongly induced in N. alata following incompatible pollination with N. tabacum pollen. The transfer of NaStEP to the stigmatic exudate was accompanied by perforation of the stigmatic cell wall, which appeared to release the vacuolar contents to the apoplastic space. The increase in NaStEP synthesis after pollination and its presence in the stigmatic exudates suggest that this protein may play a role in the early pollen–stigma interactions that regulate pollen tube growth in Nicotiana