25 research outputs found
Symptomatology under storm conditions in the north atlantic in control subjects and in persons with bilateral labyrinthine defects
Motion sickness under conditions of stress and anxiety - role of vestibular apparatu
Growth of dimorphic human pathogenicfungi on media containing cycloheximide and chloramphenicol
High-pressure granulites of the Kandalaksha Massif: Geochemistry of minerals and metamorphic conditions
La vidéo dans l’observation d’évaluation et d’intervention en santé mentale du jeune enfant : un outil pour la transmission
Study of frequency and types of chromosomal abnormalities in phenotypically female patients with amenorrhea in Eastern Indian population
Knee jerk responses in infants at high risk for cerebral palsy: an observational EMG study
Item does not contain fulltextBACKGROUND: Following our clinical observation of tonic responses in response to the knee jerk in infants at very high risk for cerebral palsy (VHR infants), we systematically studied tonic responses, clonus, and reflex irradiation. We questioned (i) whether these responses occurred more often in VHR infants than in typically developing (TD) infants, and (ii) whether they were associated with abnormal general movement quality. METHODS: Twenty-four VHR and 26 TD infants were assessed around 3 mo corrected age. Surface electromyograms of leg, trunk, neck, and arm muscles were recorded while eliciting the knee jerk. All assessments were video-recorded. RESULTS: VHR infants more often than TD infants showed tonic responses in the ipsilateral quadriceps and hamstring (Mann-Whitney U; P = 0.0005 and P = 0.0009), clonus (Chi-square; P = 0.0005) and phasic responses in the contralateral quadriceps and hamstring (Mann-Whitney U; P = 0.002 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Widespread reflex irradiation occurred in VHR and TD infants. Definitely abnormal general movements and stiff movements were associated with tonic responses (Mann-Whitney U; P = 0.0005, P = 0.007, respectively) and clonus (Mann-Whitney U; P = 0.003 and P = 0.0005) in the ipsilateral quadriceps. CONCLUSION: Similar to clonus, tonic responses may be regarded as a marker of a loss of supraspinal control. Reflex irradiation primarily is a neurodevelopmental phenomenon of early ontogeny