Liturgical Singing in the Lutheran Mass in Early Modern Sweden and its Implications for Clerical Ritual Performance and Lay Literacy

This article postulates and analyses three distinct modes of performativity in Early Modern ecclesiastical music in Sweden, each linked to a specific repertoire of melodies, and each de facto (and sometimes also de jure) monopolized by the Church of Sweden. It is proposed that recognition and analysis of these three modes may provide further understanding of the interaction between singing, reading and speaking during the period under discussion. This sheds new light on what has in literacy research been termed “religious reading”, giving rise in some instances to a corresponding type of “religious singing” in a narrower sense: one where fixed melodies to moveable texts provide a bridge between literacy and non-literacy

Charge Sharing Suppression in Single Photon Processing Pixel Array

This paper proposes a mechanism for suppression of charge sharing in single photon processing pixel array by introducing additional circuit. The idea of the proposed mechanism is that in each pixel only analog part will introduced, the digital part is shared between each four pixels, this leads to reduce the number of transistors (area). By having communication pixels, a decision that which one of the neighboring pixels shall collect the distributed charges is taken. The functionality, which involves analog and digital behaviors, is modeled in VHDL

Bacillus based biocontrol on Brassica

Many bacterial strains have been shown to mediate protection to biotic stress and promote growth of plants. Different bacteria can mediate protection in different ways e.g. by inhibition, competition or increasing plant resistance. Examples of bacteria that mediate protection to plants include different Pseudomonas, Serratia and Bacillus strains. Bacillus strains have one major advantage toward other biocontrol strains and that is the ability to form spores that are resilient against chemicals and mechanical damage. I have studied the effect of four closely related Bacillus strains on plants in two different projects, one concerned with oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and the other using Arabidopsis thaliana to allow mechanistic studies of the interaction. The bacterial strains are all classified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. These bacterial strains have been tested for phenological effects on plants and for plant protection towards pathogens like Alternaria brassicae, Botrytis cinerea, Leptosphaeria maculans, and Verticillium longisporum. Production of antifungal compounds by the strains and the effects on the different pathogens were investigated. Two potential candidates for biocontrol were identified. Both Bacillus strains were found to provide significant protection of oilseed rape against the four pathogens. The effects of Bacillus treatment on the B. napus transcriptome were studied using the cDNA-AFLP technique. Bacillus priming had strong systemic effects on leaf transcripts but small effects on roots. This far 65 differentially expressed plant genes have been identified due to Bacillus treatment, of which many seem related to metabolism. The effect of Bacillus seed treatment has also been studied on Arabidopsis. Significant protection was achieved also here using the same two strains toward Alternaria and Leptosphaeria as well as Pseudomonas syringae as pathogens. Arabidopsis signalling mutant studies showed that functional jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (Et) signalling as well as Npr1 were needed for Bacillus biocontrol. Expression levels of marker genes depending on these signalling pathways showed no increase upon Bacillus treatment, while an increase of the JA dependent marker occurred after Bacillus treated plants were infected by P. syringae. Altogether, Bacillus primed biocontrol seems to be based on induced systemic resistance (ISR)

Uso de Técnicas de Reconocimiento de la Personalidad para Mejorar el Filtrado Bayesiano de Spam

Millions of users per day are affected by unsolicited email campaigns. During the last years several techniques to detect spam have been developed, achieving specially good results using machine learning algorithms. In this work we provide a baseline for a new spam filtering method. Carrying out this research we validate our hypothesis that personality recognition techniques can help in Bayesian spam filtering. We add the personality feature to each email using personality recognition techniques, and then we compare Bayesian spam filters with and without personality in terms of accuracy. In a second experiment we combine personality and polarity features of each message and we compare all the results. At the end, the top ten Bayesian filtering classifiers have been improved, reaching to a 99.24% of accuracy, reducing also the false positive number.Millones de usuarios se ven afectados por las campanas de envío de correos electrónicos no deseados al día. Durante los últimos años diferentes técnicas de detección de spam han sido desarrollados por investigadores, obteniendo especialmente buenos resultados con algoritmos de aprendizaje automático. En este trabajo presentamos una base para un nuevo método de filtrado de spam. Durante el estudio hemos validado la hipótesis de que las técnicas de reconocimiento de personalidad pueden ayudar a mejorar el filtrado Bayesiano de spam. Usando estas técnicas de filtrado, añadimos la característica de personalidad a cada correo, y después comparamos los resultados del filtrado Bayesiano de spam con y sin personalidad, analizando los resultados en términos de exactitud. En un segundo experimento, combinamos las características de personalidad y polaridad de cada mensaje, y comparamos los resultados. Al final, conseguimos mejorar los resultados del filtrado Bayesiano de spam, alcanzando el 99,24% de exactitud, y reduciendo el número de falsos positivos.This work has been partially funded by the Basque Department of Education, Language policy and Culture under the project SocialSPAM (PI_2014_1_102)

Address generation for FPGA RAMs for efficient implementation of realtime video processing systems

ABSTRACT FPGA offers the potential of being a reliable, and highperformance reconfigurable platform for the implementation of real-time video processing systems. To utilize the full processing power of FPGA for video processing applications, optimization of memory accesses and the implementation of memory architecture are important issues. This paper presents two approaches, base pointer approach and distributed pointer approach, to implement accesses to onchip FPGA Block RAMs. A comparison of the experimental results obtained using the two approaches on realistic image processing systems design cases is presented. The results show that compared to the base pointer approach the distributed pointer approach increases the potential processing power of FPGA, as a reconfigurable platform for video processing systems

THE INCREASE OF RIVER FLUOR CONTENT USING WHITE AND GREEN FLUORIDE STONE

Fluoride content in water consumed by the people of Mekar Sari Village, Tatah Makmur District, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province is still below the WHO recommendation and the Ministry of Health of Indonesia. This study aims to determine the differences in the ability of fluoride stones from the peat area - Liang Anggang, Banjar Regency and fluoride stones from Tanah Laut area of South Kalimantan in increasing fluoride content in river water. This type of work is analytical research. The experiments were carried out in river water by means of preliminary treatment until the turbidity is less than 5 NTU. Furthermore, the processed water was re-circulated into a “flour increase portable” device to manipulate the processed water with stones containing fluoride. Variations in research include 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours recirculation; fluoride stones types were from Liang Anggang area and from Tanah Laut. The results show that green stones from Tanah Laut area can increase fluoride content in processed river water to 0.63 mg / l. This means that the ability of this green stone is lower than that of white stone in increasing fluoride content in processed river water

Development and Validation of a New RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Aprepitant in Solid Dosage Forms

Purpose: To develop and validate a new, simple, sensitive, rapid, cost-effective and accurate reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the determination of aprepitant (APT) in capsule dosage form.Methods: The method developed for the determination of APT in capsule formulation involved using RP-HPLC which incorporated a C18 column 250 x 2.5 mm i.d, 5 μm particle size, in isocratic mode, with mobile phase comprising of methanol: water in the ratio of 90:10 (v/v). The flow rate was 1 mL/min and the detection was monitored at 220 nm. The total run time was 10 min and the column was maintained at ambient temperature.Results: APT was eluted in the given mobile phase with a retention time (tr) of 4.473 min. The linearity for the quantification of APT was 0.1 - 10 μg/mL (R2 =0.989, Y= 33032x + 71501) with coefficients of variation (based on mean peak area for six replicate injections) in the range 0.04 to 0.132. The limits of detection and of quantification were 0.028 and 0.094 μg/mL, respectively. Recovery of the method was 99.56 - 100.5 % while the relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra-day and inter-day precision was 0.85 and 1.05, respectively. System precision and method precision were 0.013 and 1.400 %, respectively. The specificity data of the proposed method indicated that excipients in the capsules did not interfere with the drug peak. Furthermore, the well-shaped peaks buttressed the specificity of the method.Conclusion: The proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, sensitive, rapid, cost-effective and accurate for the determination of APT in both bulk materials and pharmaceutical dosage forms.Keywords: Aprepitant, RP-HPLC, Isocratic, Pharmaceutical dosage forms, Analysis, Validatio

Selection of bilevel image compression methods for reduction of communication energy in wireless vision sensor networks

ABSTRACT Wireless Visual Sensor Network (WVSN) is an emerging field which combines image sensor, on board computation unit, communication component and energy source. Compared to the traditional wireless sensor network, which operates on one dimensional data, such as temperature, pressure values etc., WVSN operates on two dimensional data (images) which requires higher processing power and communication bandwidth. Normally, WVSNs are deployed in areas where installation of wired solutions is not feasible. The energy budget in these networks is limited to the batteries, because of the wireless nature of the application. Due to the limited availability of energy, the processing at Visual Sensor Nodes (VSN) and communication from VSN to server should consume as low energy as possible. Transmission of raw images wirelessly consumes a lot of energy and requires higher communication bandwidth. Data compression methods reduce data efficiently and hence will be effective in reducing communication cost in WVSN. In this paper, we have compared the compression efficiency and complexity of six well known bi-level image compression methods. The focus is to determine the compression algorithms which can efficiently compress bi-level images and their computational complexity is suitable for computational platform used in WVSNs. These results can be used as a road map for selection of compression methods for different sets of constraints in WVSN

A Validated Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Aprepitant in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

A stability indicating HPLC assay method has been developed and validated for the estimation of aprepitant in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. A RP-HPLC isocratic separation was achieved on C18 column (250X4.6 mm i.d., 5µm) utilizing a mobile phase comprising of methanol and water in the ratio of 90: 10(v/v) and the eluents from the column were detected using a variable wavelength detector at 220 nm. The stress testing of aprepitant was carried out under acidic, alkaline hydrolysis, oxidation and thermal degradation (dry heat) conditions and apripitant was well resolved from its degradation products with good resolution. The proposed method has permitted the quantification of aprepitant in the linearity range of 1-100µg/ml and the flow rate was maintained at 1ml/min. The column was maintained at ambient temperature and the complete separation was achieved for aprepitant with all degradation products in an overall analytical run time of approximately 15 min and it was eluting at approximately 4.4 min. The retention times of aprepitant and rimonabant hydrochloride (IS) were found to be 4.383 min and 5.783 min, respectively. The limit of detection and limit quantification were found to be 0.130µg/ml and 0.395µg/ml, respectively. The percentage recovery was found to be in between 99.56 to 101.5 and the % RSD of system and method precision was found to be 1.20 and 0.561, respectively. The percentage amount of marketed commercial brand of aprepitant was found to be 99.97. The method was found to be suitable for the routine quality control analysis of aprepitant in bulk drug and formulation as well as for the stability indicating studies. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines