Launch Procedures for Offshore Flights

The Linn-Benton Community College Space Exploration Team held two successful offshore high-altitude balloon launches from the deck of the research vessel Pacific Storm. The payload filmed the umbra casted by the total eclipse as it passed across the Oregon coastline on August 21, 2017. Assigning roles and having a set procedure made the launch process operate more efficiently. Approximately ten onshore launches were conducted to rehearse procedures in preparation for the launch. During these launches, members became more familiar with their roles and the roles of others on the team to prepare for any and all situations that may occur. Completing an offshore flight differs from a standard onshore launch given that the sea produces various weather conditions such as; sizable waves, increased chance of precipitation, higher wind speed, and the possibility of limited visibility. Seasickness, internet accessibility, and offshore communication are among other factors. A sudden change in wind direction caused a tear in the latex of the balloon which caused the payload to not achieve the desired altitude. The launch did not achieve 28,000 meters, however the team learned from its successes and failures, and anticipate that the next launch will be successful

Experimental Characterization and Processing of Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

Unencumbered by the limitations of traditional subtractive manufacturing, additive manufacturing (AM) has opened a whole new world of possibilities in complex part geometries that can be produced quickly. Design tools, such as topology optimization (TO), can fully utilize this newfound design freedom, but they require process accurate material properties that are often anisotropic and inhomogeneous. The motivation and goal of this study was the characterization and measurement of mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) Ti-6Al-4V to inform TO methods for the design of lightweight structures. A LPBF build consisting of cylinders in multiple build orientations was designed and executed to produce a total of nearly 100 tension, compression, and shear mechanical test specimens. The experiments from these samples were used to form a robust description of the stiffness and yield surface associated with the printed material. There was no notable anisotropy measured with elastic moduli in the build direction 113±6 GPa as compared to in the build plane 116±7 GPa. A tension-compression asymmetry in the yield strength was measured to have a disparity of 892±15 MPa to 996±32 MPa, and this behavior was captured in an asymmetric yield criterion. The simple to machine compact forced simple-shear specimen geometry was investigated to provide measures of shear elastic and yielding properties. Through an investigation of wrought Ti-6Al-4V conducted with DIC and finite element simulations, it was determined that the shear geometry has an inhomogeneous yielding behavior that causes the stress-strain response to diverge from linear well before reaching the macroscopic yield strength. This led to an undervaluation of the strength when a traditional 0.2% strain offset was employed, it was determined that a strain offset of 2.8% was needed to accurately determine the macroscopic yield point. Using this new metric for measuring yield, the AM shear yield strengths were evaluated to be 560±30 MPa, which agreed well with the yield surface that contained the tension and compression results. Metal AM processes, such as LPBF, are prone to microstructures that contain defects and non-equilibrium phases that can be deleterious and are typically mitigated via post-processing. Hot isostatic pressing is the industry standard, but this requires specialized chambers and can be costly. Alternatively, thermo-hydrogen refinement of microstructure (THRM) has recently been introduced as a technique that uses hydrogen as a temporary alloying element to enable a novel phase transformation that offers recrystallization and homogenization of as-built Ti alloys into an ultra-fine microstructure. A study of the temperature used in the THRM process was conducted and showed significant gains in ductility over the as-built condition. The THRM temperatures investigated all exhibited tensile properties comparable to those achieved using HIP. Heating over the β transus temperature, resulted in a significant growth of the prior β grains resulted. This increase in grain size, coupled with the formation of a continuous layer of α phase along the boundaries, was found to present a preferable path for crack growth, leading to a reduction in ductility at higher temperatures (15% for 850 C and 11% for 1200 C). Taken as a whole the work was successful in generating a description of the full elastic and yielding behavior to inform TO models to enable the design of lightweight lattice structures. Additionally the THRM process was demonstrated to be an effective and cost efficient replacement for traditional post-processing of LPBF Ti-6Al-4V

Second Annual Idaho Public Policy Survey

The Second Annual Idaho Public Policy Survey was conducted December 3-8, 2016 and surveyed 1000 adults currently living in the state of Idaho. Respondents were asked about their attitudes concerning several key policy issues, including significant focus on revenue and spending, transportation, education, refugees, and energy and climate change. The survey sample was designed to be representative of all regions of the state and was administered on behalf of the School of Public Service by GS Strategy Group, a Boise-based polling firm. Statewide results have a margin of error of +/- 3.1

Panel. Faulkner and the Popular Magazine

Programmed for Seduction: Faulkner\u27s Fiction and Men\u27s Magazines of the 1950s / Kristi Rowan Humphreys, Texas Tech UniversityThis study analyzes the use of Faulkner’s fiction in men’s magazines of the 1950s, The Dude: The Magazine Devoted to Pleasure (1956) and The Gent: An Approach to Relaxation (1957). The characters and themes in Faulkner’s stories integrate with the seemingly disconnected adjacent content, thus working toward the magazines’ ultimate goals of seduction. This study contends that an analysis of these integrations—of Faulkner’s short stories and their neighboring content—within both 1957 issues of The Dude and The Gent, reveals the ways in which Faulkner’s fiction has been programmed for seduction.Gearing Up For War: Faulkner\u27s Two Soldiers and The Saturday Evening Post / Jennifer Nolan-Stinson“Two Soldiers,” Faulkner’s story about a young boy’s reaction to his brother’s decision to enlist after Pearl Harbor, appeared as the lead item in the March 28, 1942 issue of The Saturday Evening Post during a period of editorial upheaval and increasingly war-oriented coverage. Looking beyond the text, the advertisements, articles, and even the poetry bombard the reader with evidence of and calls for service. In this context, “Two Soldiers” provides a rare and much-needed expression of Americans’ complex and conflicted feelings about having recently entered the war, which challenges scholarly oversimplifications of the story as unequivocally patriotic or mere pandering. The Most Horrific Tale : Faulkner, Sanctuary and The Shudder Pulps / Matthew R. Vaughn, Jefferson CollegeAlthough Sanctuary is usually considered an example of Faulkner’s “popular” work, its startling combination of pulp horror with modernist technique illustrates the aesthetic affinity between pulp and modernist writing. By reading Sanctuary alongside the pulp horror stories of John H. Knox, I demonstrate the ways in which both horror fiction and Faulkner’s novel combine sensationalism with a modernist subversion of heteronormativity. In Sanctuary and horror fiction, the pleasure of the sensational text is derived not through identification with the villain but through vicarious participation in the distress of the pulp damsel

Variation in DNA methylation patterns is more common among maize inbreds than among tissues

Chromatin modifications, such as DNA methylation, can provide heritable, epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the absence of genetic changes. A role for DNA methylation in meiotically stable marking of repetitive elements and other sequences has been demonstrated in plants. Methylation of DNA is also proposed to play a role in development through providing a mitotic memory of gene expression states established during cellular differentiation. We sought to clarify the relative levels of DNA methylation variation among different genotypes and tissues in maize (Zea mays L.). We have assessed genomewide DNA methylation patterns in leaf, immature tassel, embryo, and endosperm tissues of two inbred maize lines: B73 and Mo17. There are hundreds of regions of differential methylation present between the two genotypes. In general, the same regions exhibit differential methylation between B73 and Mo17 in each of the tissues that were surveyed. In contrast, there are few examples of tissue-specific DNA methylation variation. Only a subset of regions with tissue-specific variation in DNA methylation show similar patterns in both genotypes of maize and even fewer are associated with altered gene expression levels among the tissues. Our data indicates a limited impact of DNA methylation on developmental gene regulation within maize

Promises and Perils of a Psychopathology of Crime: The Troubling Case of Juvenile Psychopathy

In Part I, this Essay describes the historical conceptions of psychopathy, and Part II discusses contemporary perspectives. Part III reviews contemporary juvenile psychopathy assessment measures. In Part IV, the Essay analyzes the factors characteristic of psychopathic youth. Part V reports on pertinent etiological theories. Finally, Part VI suggests directions future research in this field should take. Part VII provides concluding remarks on the troubling case of juvenile psychopathy

Bullying Among Adolescent Football Players: Role of Masculinity and Moral Atmosphere

Identifying practices of masculinity socialization that contribute to the establishment of gender privilege can help address violence and bullying in schools (Connell, 1996). Because the sport of football is considered an important contributor to masculinity construction, establishing peer networks, and creating hierarchies of student status, this study examined the influence of social norms (i.e., moral atmosphere, meanings of adolescent masculinity) on bullying beliefs and behaviors of 206 high school football players. Results demonstrated that moral atmosphere (Peer Influence, Influential Male Figure) and adherence to male role norms significantly predicted bullying, but the strongest predictor was the perception of whether the most influential male in a player’s life would approve of the bullying behavior. In addition to prevention interventions highlighting the role of influential men and masculinity norms in this process, implications for practice suggest that football players can use their peer influence and status as center sport participants to create a school culture that does not tolerate bullying

Host-selected mutations converging on a global regulator drive an adaptive leap towards symbiosis in bacteria

Host immune and physical barriers protect against pathogens but also impede the establishment of essential symbiotic partnerships. To reveal mechanisms by which beneficial organisms adapt to circumvent host defenses, we experimentally evolved ecologically distinct bioluminescent Vibrio fischeri by colonization and growth within the light organs of the squid Euprymna scolopes. Serial squid passaging of bacteria produced eight distinct mutations in the binK sensor kinase gene, which conferred an exceptional selective advantage that could be demonstrated through both empirical and theoretical analysis. Squid-adaptive binK alleles promoted colonization and immune evasion that were mediated by cell-associated matrices including symbiotic polysaccharide (Syp) and cellulose. binK variation also altered quorum sensing, raising the threshold for luminescence induction. Preexisting coordinated regulation of symbiosis traits by BinK presented an efficient solution where altered BinK function was the key to unlock multiple colonization barriers. These results identify a genetic basis for microbial adaptability and underscore the importance of hosts as selective agents that shape emergent symbiont populations

Perspectives of family medicine physicians on the importance of adolescent preventive care: a multivariate analysis

BACKGROUND: The study objective was to identify commonalities amongst family medicine physicians who endorse annual adolescent visits. METHODS: A nationally weighted representative on-line survey was used to explore pediatrician (N = 204) and family medicine physicians (N = 221) beliefs and behaviors surrounding adolescent wellness. Our primary outcome was endorsement that adolescents should receive annual preventive care visits. RESULTS: Pediatricians were significantly more likely (p < .01) to endorse annual well visits. Among family medicine physicians, bivariate comparisons were conducted between those who endorsed an annual visit (N = 164) compared to those who did not (N = 57) with significant predictors combined into two multivariate logistic regression models. Model 1 controlled for: patient race, proportion of 13-17 year olds in provider's practice, discussion beliefs scale and discussion behaviors with parents scale. Model 2 controlled for the same first three variables as well as discussion behaviors with adolescents scale. Model 1 showed for each discussion beliefs scale topic selected, family medicine physicians had 1.14 increased odds of endorsing annual visits (p < .001) and had 1.11 greater odds of endorsing annual visits with each one-point increase in discussion behaviors with parents scale (p = .51). Model 2 showed for each discussion beliefs scale topic selected, family medicine physicians had 1.15 increased odds of also endorsing the importance of annual visits (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Family medicine physicians that endorse annual visits are significantly more likely to affirm they hold strong beliefs about topics that should be discussed during the annual exam. They also act on these beliefs by talking to parents of teens about these topics. This group appears to focus on quality of care in thought and deed