Action of formulated rosemary against Meloidogyne incognita in soybean

The damage caused by nematodes has been severe in many crops in Brazil, causing a reduction in agricultural yield. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of a formulation, elaborated with extract of the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and cassava bark, on the control of nematode Meloidogyne incognita in soybean. The doses evaluated were 0.0; 25; 50; 100; 150 and 200 mL of the dried formulation per pot of 3 L containing soybean plants. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design, with five replications. We evaluated dried and fresh masses of aerial part, fresh mass of root, and the number of egg mass, galls and second stage juveniles (J2) and eggs in root and soil. The soybean plants showed growth reduction resulting from the interaction of the formulation, maybe due a phytotoxic effect from cassava bark. There was allelopathic effect in soybean plants treated with formulated made with cassava bark + aqueous extract of rosemary, evidenced by inhibition in plant development according to the increase in doses of the formulated. Moreover, the formulated was not efficient in the control and or reduction of M. incognita

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Clinical Competence Questionnaire for use in Brazil

Objetivo: traducir y adaptar transculturalmente el Clinical Competence Questionnaire para uso de los estudiantes brasileños que concluyen la graduación en enfermería, así como para medir las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario. Método: estudio metodológico realizado en seis etapas: traducción del instrumento Clinical Competence Questionnaire, obtención de consenso de las traducciones, retrotraducción, análisis por el comité de especialistas, pretest y presentación del proceso de adaptación transcultural para los desarrolladores. Las propiedades psicométricas fueron medidas utilizando el alfa de Cronbach, coeficiente de correlación intraclase e índice de validez de contenido. Resultados: el instrumento fue traducido, adaptado transculturalmente y su versión final estuvo constituida por 48 ítems. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,90; el índice de concordancia de los ítems fue de 99% para los estudiantes y de 98% para los evaluadores. Conclusión: el Clinical Competence Questionnaire fue traducido y adaptado para uso de estudiantes brasileños; las propiedades psicométricas, de la versión en portugués del cuestionario, presentaron consistencia interna satisfactoria encontrada en la muestra estudiada.Objective: translating and transculturally adapting the Clinical Competence Questionnaire to Brazilian senior undergraduate Nursing students, as well as measuring psychometric properties of the questionnaire. Method: a methodological study carried out in six steps: translation of the Clinical Competence Questionnaire instrument, consensus of the translations, back-translation, analysis by an expert committee, pre-testing and then presentation of the cross-cultural adaptation process to the developers. Psychometric properties were measured using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient and content validity index. Results: the instrument was translated, transculturally adapted and its final version consisted of 48 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.90, and the agreement index of the items was 99% for students and 98% for evaluators. Conclusion: the Clinical Competence Questionnaire was translated and adapted to Brazilian students, and the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the questionnaire presented satisfactory internal consistency regarding the studied sample.Objetivo: traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente o Clinical Competence Questionnaire aos estudantes brasileiros concluintes da graduação em enfermagem, bem como mensurar as propriedades psicométricas do questionário. Método: estudo metodológico realizado em seis etapas: tradução do instrumento Clinical Competence Questionnaire, consenso das traduções, retrotradução, análise pelo comitê de especialistas, pré-teste e apresentação do processo de adaptação transcultural para os desenvolvedores. As propriedades psicométricas foram mensuradas utilizando-se o alfa de Cronbach, coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e índice de validade de conteúdo. Resultados: o instrumento foi traduzido, adaptado transculturalmente e sua versão final foi constituída de 48 itens. O coeficiente alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,90, e o índice de concordância dos itens foi de 99% para os estudantes e de 98% para os avaliadores. Conclusão: o Clinical Competence Questionnaire foi traduzido e adaptado a estudantes brasileiros, e as propriedades psicométricas da versão em português do questionário apresentaram consistência interna satisfatória quanto à amostra estudada

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Silicon sources for Meloidogyne javanica control in different plant species

Currently safer alternatives for controlling pests and diseases in agriculture and products with lower toxicity have been prioritized, for exemple the use of products, biotic or abiotic, in order to increase the resistance of plants to disease has been the focus of numerous studies, including the use of silicon (Si) to control nematoses. Therefore, the study evaluated three different sources of Si (Silifort®, Rocksil® and wollastonite) on penetration, development and reproduction factor (RF) of Meloidogyne javanica, maize and rice, accumulators, and beans and soybeans, not accumulators of Si, and the production of phytoalexins in sorghum and beans. The seedlings were transplanted and treated with the solutions Silifort® and Rocksil®. The wollastonite was applied to the soil 10 days before the transplanting, and the soil was drenched until the transplant. The inoculation was performed ten days after the transplant, with 1000 eggs and eventual juveniles (J2) of M. javanica. Plant samples were evaluated at 3, 8, 13 and 18 days to determine the number of specimens and stage of g-1 root. The RF was evaluated in these cultures and sorghum, 60 days after of inoculation (DAI), when it also evaluated the height, top dry matter (TDM), fresh root matter (FRM), nematodes per plant, nematode.g-1 root. This experiment was repeated in two periods (experiments 1 and 2). The evaluation of the production of phytoalexins in beans and sorghum, was conducted using the treatments with Si and water as control. Initially the wollastonite favored the penetration and development of M. javanica on rice and beans, while in soybeans all treatments reduced the development, but only Silifort® reduced the penetration. Thirteen DAI, the wollastonite favored the development and penetration. Eighteen DAI, rice, beans and soybeans had less development of M. javanica when treated with Rocksil®, Silifort® and wollastonite. All sources of Si reduced penetration of rice, but only Silifort® and wollastonite affected penetration in bean and soybean, respectively. The maize did not provide answers to the use of Si.Atualmente, buscam-se alternativas seguras para controlar pragas e doenças na agricultura, portanto produtos com menor toxidez ganham destaque. Nesse contexto, a utilização de produtos, bióticos ou abióticos, visando o aumento de resistência das plantas às doenças, tem sido foco de inúmeras pesquisas, incluindo o uso de silício (Si) para o controle de nematoses. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar três diferentes fontes de Si (Silifort®, Rocksil® e volastonita) na penetração, desenvolvimento e fator de reprodução (FR) de Meloidogyne javanica, no milho, arroz, feijão e soja, e na produção de fitoalexinas em sorgo e feijão. As plântulas das referidas culturas foram transplantadas e tratadas com as soluções de Silifort® e Rocksil®. A volastonita foi aplicada ao solo 10 dias antes do transplante, procedendo o encharcamento diário do solo até o transplante. A inoculação foi realizada dez dias após o transplante, com 1000 ovos e eventuais juvenis (J2) de M. javanica. Plantas foram amostradas aos 3, 8, 13 e 18 dias para avaliação quanto ao número de espécimes e estágio de desenvolvimento g-1 de raiz. O FR foi avaliado nas referidas culturas e no sorgo, 60 dias após a inoculação (DAI), quando se avaliou ainda a altura, massa seca de parte aérea (MSPA), massa fresca de raiz (MFR), nematoide por planta e nematoide g-1 de raiz. Este experimento foi repetido em duas épocas (experimentos 1 e 2). A avaliação da produção de fitoalexinas em feijão e sorgo foi realizada utilizando-se os tratamentos com Si e água como controle. Os resultados mostraram que as três fontes de silício desfavoreceram o desenvolvimento de M. javanica em soja, feijão e arroz, e reduziram a penetração em arroz; Silifort® e volastonita afetaram a penetração em feijão e soja, respectivamente. Nenhum tratamento promoveu aumento de altura, MSPA e MFR. Todos os produtos promoveram redução no número de M. javanica por grama de raiz em soja, contudo não foram eficientes no manejo de nematoides nas demais culturas (arroz, feijão, milho e sorgo), nem favoreceram a produção de fitoalexinas em feijão e sorgo. Apesar disso, pode-se observar o potencial das diferentes fontes para o manejo de nematoides, visto a influência sobre a penetração e desenvolvimento de M. javanica.ix, 75

Structure et ordre chimique dans les nanoparticules bimétalliques (cas du système immiscible Fe-Bi)

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Localization of human transcription factor TEF-4 and TEF-5 (TEAD2, TEAD3) genes to chromosomes 19q13.3 and 6p21.2 using fluorescence in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid analysis

Embryonic TEA domain-containing factor (ETF) belongs to the family of proteins structurally related to transcriptional enhancer factor-1 (TEF-1) and is implicated in neural development. Isolation and characterization of the cosmid clones encoding the mouse ETF gene (Etdf) revealed thatEtdfspans approximately 17.9 kb and consists of 12 exons. The exon–intron structure ofEtdfclosely resembles that of theDrosophila scallopedgene, indicating that these genes may have evolved from a common ancestor. The multiple transcription initiation sites revealed by S1 protection and primer extension analyses are consistent with the absence of the canonical TATA and CAAT boxes in the 5′-flanking region, which contains many potential regulatory sequences, such as the E-box, N-box, Sp1 element, GATA-1 element, TAATGARAT element, and B2 short interspersed element (SINE) as well as several direct and inverted repeat sequences. TheEtdflocus was assigned to the proximal region of mouse chromosome 7 using fluorescencein situhybridization and linkage mapping analyses. These results provide the molecular basis for studying the regulation,in vivofunction, and evolution ofEtdf. *1 The approved gene symbol for embryonic TEA domain-containing factor (ETF) by MGD isEtdf.The nucleotide sequences reported in this paper have been deposited with the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Data Libraries under Accession Nos. D83586–D83596. Mapping data from this article have been deposited in the Mouse Genome Database under Accession Nos. MGD-CREX-618 for genetic mapping and MGD-INEX-21 forin situhybridization, respectively

TSPY, the cadidate gonadoblastoma gene on the human Y chromosome, has a widely expressed homologue on the X-implications for Y chromosome evolution

TSPY, a candidate gene for a factor that promotes gonadoblastoma formation (GBY), is a testis-specific multicopy gene family in the male-specific region of the human Y (MSY) chromosome. Although it was originally proposed that male-specific genes on the Y originated from a transposed copy of an autosomal gene (Lahn & Page 1999b), at least two male-specific genes (RBMY and SRY) descended from a formerly recombining X-Y identical gene pair. Here we show that a TSPY homologue with similar gene structure lies in conserved positions, close to SMCX, on the X chromosome in human (TSPX) and mouse (Tspx). TSPX is widely expressed and subject to X inactivation. TSPX and TSPY therefore evolved from an identical gene pair on the original mammalian sex chromosomes. This supports the hypothesis that even male-specific genes on the Y chromosome may have their origin in ubiquitously expressed genes on the X. It also strengthens the case for TSPY as a candidate for GBY, since independent functional studies link TSPX to cell cycle regulation

MG132-induced progerin clearance is mediated by autophagy activation and splicing regulation

International audienceHutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a lethal premature and accelerated aging disease caused by a de novo point mutation in LMNA encoding A-type lamins. Progerin, a truncated and toxic prelamin A issued from aberrant splicing, accumulates in HGPS cells' nuclei and is a hallmark of the disease. Small amounts of progerin are also produced during normal aging. We show that progerin is sequestered into abnormally shaped promyelocytic nuclear bodies, identified as novel biomarkers in late passage HGPS cell lines. We found that the proteasome inhibitor MG132 induces progerin degradation through macroautophagy and strongly reduces progerin production through downregulation of SRSF-1 and SRSF-5 accumulation, controlling prelamin A mRNA aberrant splicing. MG132 treatment improves cellular HGPS phenotypes. MG132 injection in skeletal muscle of LmnaG609G/G609G mice locally reduces SRSF-1 expression and progerin levels. Altogether, we demonstrate progerin reduction based on MG132 dual action and shed light on a promising class of molecules toward a potential therapy for children with HGPS