Boolean Routing on High Degree Chordal Ring Networks

Over the past twenty-five years, the telecommunication field has evolved rapidly. Telephone and computer networks, now nearly ubiquitous, provide access to voice, data and video services throughout the world. As networking technologies evolve and proliferate, researchers develop new traffic routing strategies. The problem of routing in a distributed system has been investigated and issues concerning Boolean routing schemes have been considered. All compact routing techniques minimise time and space complexity. A good routing algorithm optimises the time and space complexity and a routing algorithm that has O(1) time complexity and O(log n) space complexity for high degree chordal ring has been found. A Boolean Routing Scheme (BRS) has been applied on ring topology and regular chordal ring of degree three. It was found that the regular chordal ring of degree three can be represented geometrically. the regular chordal ring of degree three has been categorised into two categories; the first is the regular chordal ring of degree three that satisfies the following formula n mod 4 = 0 and the second other is n mod 4≠0, where n is the number of nodes that the graph contains. A BRS that requires O(log n) bits of storage at each node, O(1) time complexity to compute a shortest path to any destination for the regular chordal ring of degree three and Ө(log n) bits of storage at each node. O(1) time complexity to compute a shortest path to any destination for the ring topologies has been shown. The BRS has been applied on chordal ring of degree six. it has been found that the chordal ring of degree six can be represented geometrically and the representation would be in three dimensions (in the space). Very little is known about routing on high degree chordal rings. A BRS that requires O(log n) bits of storage at each node ,and 0(1) time complexity to compute a shortest path to any destination for the chordal ring of degree six topologyhas been shown. The chordal ring 0(27;9;3) has been considered as a case to apply BRS

NTRFinder: a software tool to find nested tandem repeats

We introduce the software tool NTRFinder to search for a complex repetitive structure in DNA we call a nested tandem repeat (NTR). An NTR is a recurrence of two or more distinct tandem motifs interspersed with each other. We propose that NTRs can be used as phylogenetic and population markers. We have tested our algorithm on both real and simulated data, and present some real NTRs of interest. NTRFinder can be downloaded from http://www.maths.otago.ac.nz/~aamatroud/

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Nested tandem repeat computation and analysis : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computational Biology at Massey University

Biological sequences have long been known to contain many classes of repeats. The most studied repetitive structure is the tandem repeat where many approximate copies of a common segment (the motif ) appear consecutively. In this thesis, a complex repetitive structure is investigated. This repetitive structure is called a nested tandem repeat. It consists of many approximate copies of two motifs interspersed with one another. This thesis is a collection of published and in progress papers. Each paper addresses a computational problem related to the analysis of nested tandem repeats. Nested tandem repeats have been observed in the intergenic spacer of the ribosomal DNA gene in Colocasia esculenta. The question of whether such repeats can be found elsewhere in biological sequence databases is addressed and NTRFinder, a software tool to detect nested tandem repeats, is described. Another problem that arises after detecting a nested tandem repeat is the alignment of the nested tandem repeat region against its two motifs. An algorithm that guarantees an optimal solution to this problem is introduced. After detecting nested tandem repeats and identifying their structures, the identification of the motif boundaries is an unsolved problem which arises not only in nested tandem repeats but in tandem repeats as well. Heuristic solutions to this problem are implemented and tested. In order to compare two tandem repeat sequences an algorithm that aligns a hypothetical ancestral sequence of both sequences against each sequence is presented. This algorithm considers substitutions, deletions, and unidirectional duplication, namely, from ancestor to descendant

Hemolysis limits on Immulite 2000 Xpi when analyzing growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor(IGF-1).

Tillväxthormon och insulinliknande tillväxtfaktor-1 är blodprover som tas vid misstanke om akromegali. Immulite 2000 XPi är ett instrument som använder chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay metodik för att kvantitativt mäta koncentrationen av GH och IGF-1. Analys av biokemiska markörer påverkas av flera olika faktorer. En viktig sådan faktor är hemolys. Hemolys innebär att de röda blodkropparna går sönder, vilket leder till frisättning av dess innehåll såsom hemoglobin i serum/plasma. Syftet med detta projekt var att undersöka hur hemolys påverkar resultatet av GH- och IGF-1-prover på immulite 2000 XPi. Utifrån erhållna resultat kommer klinisk kemi vid Universitetssjukhuset Örebros laboratorie rutiner vid hemolytiska prover på GH eller IGF-1 att uppdateras . Hemolys tillverkades och tillsattes till olika serumprover med låg och hög nivå av GH respektive IGF-1 för att erhålla prover med varierande grad av hemolys. Resultatet visade att ökande hemolysindex korrelerar med GH- respektive IGF-1-koncentrationer, med undantag för den låga GH koncentrationen som inte uppvisade någon korrelation till hemolysindex. En 10%:ig skillnad av GH och IGF-1- koncentrationer uppnåddes vid en ökning av hemolysindex med 555,40 mg/dL för GH respektive 333,3 mg/dL för IGF-1.Utifrån resultaten var hemolysgränsen likvärdig med tillverkarens gränser. Därför kan klinisk kemi på Universitetssjukhuset Örebro fortsätta med nuvarande hemolysgränser.Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 are blood samples taken upon suspicion of acromegaly and for follow-up of acromegaly treatment. Immulite 2000 XPi is an instrument that uses chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method to quantitatively measure the concentration of GH and IGF-1. Analysis of biochemical markers is affected by several different factors. An important such factor is hemolysis. Hemolysis means that the red blood cells break, whose contents leak into the serum/plasma. The study aimed to investigate how hemolysis affects the results of GH and IGF-1 samples on the Immulite 2000 XPi. The results will determine the routines for hemolytic samples for GH or IGF-1 at Örebro University Hospital. Hemolysis was produced and added to various serum samples with low and high levels of GH and IGF-1 to obtain samples with varying degrees of hemolysis. The results showed that increasing hemolysis index correlates with GH and IGF-1 concentrations, with the exception of low GH concentration, which did not show any correlation to hemolysis index. A 10% difference in GH and IGF-1 concentrations was achieved with an increase in hemolysis index of 555.40 mg/dL for GH and 333.3 mg/dL for IGF-1. Based on the results, the hemolysis limit was equivalent to the manufacturer's limits. Therefore, clinical chemistry at Örebro University Hospital can continue with current hemolysis limits

Hemolysis limits on Immulite 2000 Xpi when analyzing growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor(IGF-1).

Tillväxthormon och insulinliknande tillväxtfaktor-1 är blodprover som tas vid misstanke om akromegali. Immulite 2000 XPi är ett instrument som använder chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay metodik för att kvantitativt mäta koncentrationen av GH och IGF-1. Analys av biokemiska markörer påverkas av flera olika faktorer. En viktig sådan faktor är hemolys. Hemolys innebär att de röda blodkropparna går sönder, vilket leder till frisättning av dess innehåll såsom hemoglobin i serum/plasma. Syftet med detta projekt var att undersöka hur hemolys påverkar resultatet av GH- och IGF-1-prover på immulite 2000 XPi. Utifrån erhållna resultat kommer klinisk kemi vid Universitetssjukhuset Örebros laboratorie rutiner vid hemolytiska prover på GH eller IGF-1 att uppdateras . Hemolys tillverkades och tillsattes till olika serumprover med låg och hög nivå av GH respektive IGF-1 för att erhålla prover med varierande grad av hemolys. Resultatet visade att ökande hemolysindex korrelerar med GH- respektive IGF-1-koncentrationer, med undantag för den låga GH koncentrationen som inte uppvisade någon korrelation till hemolysindex. En 10%:ig skillnad av GH och IGF-1- koncentrationer uppnåddes vid en ökning av hemolysindex med 555,40 mg/dL för GH respektive 333,3 mg/dL för IGF-1.Utifrån resultaten var hemolysgränsen likvärdig med tillverkarens gränser. Därför kan klinisk kemi på Universitetssjukhuset Örebro fortsätta med nuvarande hemolysgränser.Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 are blood samples taken upon suspicion of acromegaly and for follow-up of acromegaly treatment. Immulite 2000 XPi is an instrument that uses chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method to quantitatively measure the concentration of GH and IGF-1. Analysis of biochemical markers is affected by several different factors. An important such factor is hemolysis. Hemolysis means that the red blood cells break, whose contents leak into the serum/plasma. The study aimed to investigate how hemolysis affects the results of GH and IGF-1 samples on the Immulite 2000 XPi. The results will determine the routines for hemolytic samples for GH or IGF-1 at Örebro University Hospital. Hemolysis was produced and added to various serum samples with low and high levels of GH and IGF-1 to obtain samples with varying degrees of hemolysis. The results showed that increasing hemolysis index correlates with GH and IGF-1 concentrations, with the exception of low GH concentration, which did not show any correlation to hemolysis index. A 10% difference in GH and IGF-1 concentrations was achieved with an increase in hemolysis index of 555.40 mg/dL for GH and 333.3 mg/dL for IGF-1. Based on the results, the hemolysis limit was equivalent to the manufacturer's limits. Therefore, clinical chemistry at Örebro University Hospital can continue with current hemolysis limits

Loose Parts and the Worlds we Create.

This presentation explores the idea of loose parts materials and their significant impact on the child’s early learning and development. It’ll explore what loose parts materials are in an early childhood curriculum field and how they are incorporated into our settings. It will also cover the historical connections and theoretical connections about loose parts. Next, the presentation explains the many learning development stages children can go through as they explore the materials around them. By being able to touch, sense, feel and hear, they begin to make meaning and create their own worlds. Moving Forward, this presentation will allow you to reflect on the daily loose parts materials you have come across and your ability to incorporate them into children’s daily lives. It’ll also allow you to explore your own ideas, wonderings, imagination, and creativity. Lastly, try presenting the idea of loose parts materials to children, then take notice of yourself as you begin to be a co-explorer, co-researcher, and co-imaginer alongside the childre

Communication in Chordal Ring Networks

The chordal ring networks have been the objects of a great deal of attention in recent years, and several parallel computers have configurations based on the chordal ring topology. Common ways to improve the network performance are to increase its connectivity and decrease its diameter. Therefore, this thesis addresses the fundamental problems of communication in chordal ring of high degree and studies the degree diameter problem in such topology. In particular, we concentrate on Compact Routing, a family of routing methods that minimizes the space and time complexity. An effecient boolean routing scheme that has O(1) time complexity and O(log n) space complexity is introduced. Based on the existing results in [61] done by Narayanan and Opatrny, we propose a new algorithm for some families of chordal ring of degree six graphs. New properties for this families of graphs have been introduced such as finding the maximum number of nodes for a given diameter; it has been found that the chordal ring that has the maximum number of nodes for diameter k is G(4k2 + 2k + 1; 2k + 1; 2k2). Moreover, a broadcasting scheme for this family of chordal rings of degree six has been constructed. It has been found that this scheme can broadcast the message to all nodes in the graph by time at most k + 3 where k is the diameter. The uniqueness property of the shortest path type between any two nodes in chordal rings of degree four and six has been introduced, this property helps us in deriving our results

Towards classification of images by using block-based CNN

Image classification is the process of assigning labeling to the input images to a fixed set of categories; however, assigning labels to the image is difficult by using the traditional method because of the large number of images. To solve this problem, we will resort to deep learning techniques. Which is enables computers to recognize and extract visual characteristics. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is a deep neural network used for many purposes, such as image classification, detection, and face recognition, due to its high-performance accuracy in classification and detection tasks. In this paper, we develop CNN based on the transfer learning approach for image classification. The network comprises two types of transfer learning, ResNet and DenseNet, as building blocks of the network with an multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier. The proposed method does not need to preprocess before these datasets that input into the network. It was train on two datasets: the Cifar-10 and the Sign-Traffic datasets. We conclude that the proposed method achieves the best performance compared with other states of the art. The accuracy gained is 97.45% and 99.45%, respectively, where the proposed CNN increased the accuracy compared to other methods by 3%