Challenges for prevention and promotion in the 21st century

© 2018 Matos and Ramiro; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Prevention is now considered as a way to spread curiosity and commitment and has to do with the creation of communities where it is believed that "good things happen" and that people are part of them. Promoting people positive development, that is, promoting competence, motivation, opportunities and positive expectations is now considered the best prevention strategy, making prevention and promotion two sides of the same coin. Consequently, the approaches based on positive aspects are preferred and considered more effective in various contexts. In the field of health, this positive focus was represented in the "Model of Assets in health" which includes the mapping of resources of each community, both individually and collectively. It also aimed at the increasingly progressive participation of populations. Some aspects of the trajectory of knowledge in recent decades and their impact on interventions in Psychology, Public Health and Public Policies will be highlighted.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Worries, mental and emotional health difficulties of portuguese university students

Copyright © Society for Science and Education, United KingdomThe aim of this study was to reach an in-depth understanding on how Portuguese university students feel towards life in general, which are their worries, how often they feel worried, and how intense their worries are. Moreover, it was intended to identify the kind of psychosocial variables involved, strategies they use as well as which are the sources of their well-being. A total of 2991 university students, participated in the quantitative study and in the qualitative study, there were 50 participants between 18 and 35 years old. A significant minority of students got worried frequently, allowing their worries to interfere significantly in their lives. Gender and age differences were found. Having worries demonstrated to be relevant and negatively associated with young people’s perception of well-being, self-regulation and resilience; showing that the mental health of the Portuguese university students is at risk, mainly when their social emotional skills are underdeveloped.Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (Grants: Marta Reis-SFRH/BPD/110905/2015)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Duccio Bonavia Berber (1935-2012)

Duccio Bonavia Berber (cliché de Tom Dalton Dillehay). Duccio Bonavia Berber est décédé le samedi 4 août 2012, à l’âge de 77 ans, à Magdalena de Cao (Ascope-La Libertad), au Pérou. Sa mort a été soudaine, mais elle l’a atteint alors qu’il faisait ce qu’il aimait le plus, du terrain archéologique. Duccio Bonavia était, en effet, en train de travailler avec Tom Dillehay sur le site emblématique de Huaca Prieta, sur la côte nord du Pérou. Avec la disparition de Duccio Bonavia, l’archéologie andi..

The role of social and emotional competence on risk behaviors in adolescence

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between social and emotional competence and substance use in adolescence, including tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs. The sample included 3,494 students, mean age 15 years old, in the 8th and 10th grades of the public school system from Portugal. Data were collected using the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. For the purpose of this study, the questionnaire included questions about social and emotional competence and risk behavior, specifically past 30-day tobacco use, drunkenness, and illicit drugs use. Results showed that adolescent social and emotional competence was negatively related to substance use. All social-emotional competence subscales were significantly associated with illicit drug use. In addition empathy, cooperation and communication, and goals and aspirations subscales, were significantly associated with tobacco use. Results demonstrate the potential importance of social and emotional competence in levels of substance use among Portuguese adolescents, and may be used to inform the development of Portuguese substance use prevention programspeer-reviewe

Removal of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by brown marine macro algae: kinetic modelling

Specific marine macro algae species abundant at the Portuguese coast (Laminaria hiperborea, Bifurcaria bifurcata, Sargassum muticum and Fucus spiralis) were shown to be effective for removing toxic metals (Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II)) from aqueous solutions. The initial metal concentrations in solution were about 75-100 mg L-1. The observed biosorption capacities for cadmium, zinc and lead ions were in the ranges of 23.9-39.5 mg g-1, 18.6-32.0 mg g-1 and 32.3-50.4 mg g-1, respectively. Kinetic studies revealed that the metal uptake rate was rather fast, with 75% of the total amount occurring in the first 10 min for all algal species. Experimental data were well fitted by a pseudo-second order rate equation. The contribution of internal diffusion mechanism was significant only to the initial biosorption stage. Results indicate that all the studied macro algae species can provide an efficient and cost-effective technology for eliminating heavy metals from industrial effluents

Uso de la plataforma Moodle y el coaching educativo para la escuela de negocios en ingeniería administrativa

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar el uso de la plataforma Moodle con relación al coaching educativo para los docentes de la Escuela de Negocios en Ingeniería Administrativa. Es una investigación de tipo básica, de enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental-descriptivo de correlación simple y con un método hipotético deductivo. Se trabajó con una población de 40 docentes de la Escuela de Negocios en Ingeniería Administrativa. Utilizando la encuesta como técnica y dos instrumentos para la recolección de datos. Con referencia a la hipótesis general se concluyó que el uso de la Plataforma Moodle influye significativamente en el coaching educativo, con un nivel de significancia de 0.000 y con un coeficiente de 0.836. Con relación a la primera hipótesis específica si existe una relación significativa entre el desarrollo de habilidades tecnológicas y el coaching educativo. Con relación a la segunda hipótesis específica si existe una relación significativa entre el aprendizaje educativo y el coaching educativo. Con relación a la tercera hipótesis específica si existe una relación significativa entre el desarrollo personal y el coaching educativo. Con relación a la cuarta hipótesis específica si existe una relación significativa entre el alcance en la enseñanza y el coaching educativo.http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.03.0

What teens know about HPV? A cross-sectional study with HBSC Portuguese survey

© 2016 Apex Journal InternationalGlobally, cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of death for women and is usually associated with infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV). To analyse knowledge related to HPV in Portuguese adolescents, and identify the influence of gender, school year, having had sexual education/sexual intercourse in adolescents’ knowledge of HPV. The 2010 study provides national representative data of 5050 Portuguese adolescents, randomly chosen from those attending 6th, 8th and 10th grades during the 2009/2010 academic year. The sample included 52.3% girls and 47.7% males; whose mean age was 14.0 years old. Measures included knowledge of HPV transmission/prevention and having had sexual education/sexual intercourse. Overall, results showed the majority had low level of knowledge, responding incorrectly or saying they did not know the answer. Nevertheless, girls and adolescents who reported having had sex education in a school context showed significantly more knowledge than boys and adolescents who did not report having had sex education in a school context. Another result that should be emphasized is the positive effect that sex education at school had specifically in what regards knowledge about HPV. These results could have significant implications for information provision andthe targeting of future education programmes. In terms of prevention, it emphasises the need to teach about this issue, encourages HPV vaccination and regular screening for cervical cancer and other STIs, that are crucial for the promotion of healthy sexual behaviours.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Geoquímica e Assinaturas Nd-Sr do Complexo Granitoide Pensamiento, Província Rondoniana-San Ignacio, Pré-Cambriano de Bolívia Oriental: Caracterização Petrogenética de um Arco Magmático no Mesoproterozoico

The Pensamiento Granitoid Complex (PGC), located in the northern part of the eastern Precambrian shield of Bolivia, is tectonically assigned to the Rondonian-San Ignacio Province (1.55 - 1.30 Ga) of the Amazonian Craton that is made up by Archean and Proterozoic provinces. The Proterozoic ones result from accretionary orogens that become successively younger southwestwards, such as the Rondonian/San Ignacio (1.37 - 1.32 Ga) and the Sunsás orogenies (1.20 - 1.00 Ga). The PGC crops out mainly on the Paragua craton bounded to the south by the Sunsás belt, and composed of granites and subvolcanic terms, and subordinately of syenites, granodiorites, tonalites, trondhjemites and diorites as orogenic representatives of the Rondonian/San Ignacio Orogeny, intrusive into the Lomas Maneches (ca. 1.68 Ga) and Chiquitania (ca. 1.7 Ga) complexes. Thirteen whole rock chemical analyses for major, trace and REE elements were performed for the La Junta, San Martín, Diamantina, Porvernir, San Cristobal, Piso Firme plutons of the PGC. The negative trends of MgO, Al2O3 and CaO contents with increasing SiO2 suggest that fractional crystallization played an important role in the petrogenesis of the investigated rocks. The data also indicate a mainly peraluminous, sub-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline composition, and fractionated LREE/HREE patterns are consistent with a magmatic arc character for these plutons. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages of the La Junta and San Martín syn- to late-kinematic plutons are 1347 ± 21 Ma and 1373 ± 20 Ma respectively, and the Sm-Nd T DM model ages are between 1.9 to 2.0 Ga, while εNd(1330) values range from +1.8 to -4.3, respectively. In addition, the late- to post-kinematic Diamantina pluton yields SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of 1340 ± 20 Ma, and variable Sm-Nd T DM model ages (1.6 to 1.9 Ga) and εNd(1330) values (+0.4 to -1.2) that are comparable with previous results found for other coeval plutons. The Porvenir, San Cristobal and Piso Firme plutons show εNd(1330) signatures varying from +1.5 to +2.7, in agreement with a plutonic arc setting as is suggested for the Diamantina pluton. Integrated interpretation of the geochemical and isotopic data coupled with new geologic correlations of the PGC with contemporary units in the Brazilian counterpart establishes one Mesoproterozoic magmatic arc in the evolution of the Rondonian-San Ignacio provinceO Complexo Granitoide Pensamiento (CGP) ocorre na porção norte do Pré-Cambriano Boliviano, estando tectonicamente associado à evolução da província Rondoniana-San Ignacio (1.55 - 1.30 Ga) do Craton Amazônico, constituído por uma província central de idade arqueana e províncias proterozoicas marginais. A evolução proterozoica resulta do desenvolvimento de cinturões acrescionários sucessivamente mais jovens para sudoeste, a exemplo das orogenias Rondoniana-San Ignacio (1.37 - 1.32 Ga) e Sunsás (1.20 - 1.00 Ga). O CGP ocorre na parte setentrional do Pré-Cambriano Boliviano, ao norte do cinturão Sunsás, sendo constituído por granitos e termos subvulcânicos. Subordinadamente ocorrem sienitos, granodioritos, tonalitos, trondjemitos e dioritos. Em termos tectônicos, essas rochas são classificadas em dois conjuntos: plutons sin a tardicinemáticos e tardi a pós-cinemáticos. Treze análises químicas em rocha total para elementos maiores, traços e ETR foram realizadas em rochas granitoides orogênicas do CGP. Diagramas de correlação geoquímica indicam tendência negativa entre os conteúdos de MgO, Al2O3 and CaO em função do aumento de SiO2, sugerindo processos de cristalização fracionada na petrogênese das rochas investigadas. Em adição os dados indicam uma composição principalmente peraluminosa, subalcalina de alto K, compatível com ambiente de arco magmático, para a geração dos plútons estudados, corroborado pelo padrão de fracionamento dos ETRL/ETRP. Datações SHRIMP em zircão dos plútons La Junta e San Martín (sin a tardicinemáticos; 1347 ± 21 e 1373 ± 20 Ma, respectivamente) em conjunto com idades modelo T DM entre 1,9 e 2,0 Ga e valores de εNd(1330) entre +1,8 e -4,3 são semelhantes a resultados publicados em outros corpos coevos. Em adição, os plútons Porvenir, San Cristobal e Piso Firme (tardi a pós-cinemáticos) têm idades T DM modelo entre 1,6 e 1,7 Ga e valores de εNd(1330) positivos entre +2,7 e +1,5, o que sugere uma origem em arco magmático intraoceânico. O plúton Diamantina (tardi a pós-cinemático; idade SHRIMP em zircão de 1340 ± 20 Ma) tem idades T DM modelo entre 1,6 e 1,9 Ga com valores de εNd(1330) entre +0,4 e -1,2. Isto corrobora a hipótese de significativa contribuição de material juvenil mesoproterozoico durante a sua gênese. Os resultados aqui obtidos interpretados em conjunto com os dados geológicos de unidades contemporâneas na contraparte brasileira reforçam a existência de um arco magmático juvenil mesoproterozoico que finalizou a evolução acrescionária da província Rondoniana-San Ignaci

National survey on the importance of sleep in the quality of academic life and mental health of college students in Portugal

© Associação Brasileira do SonoThe academic years are a period of vulnerability when considering sleep problems and mental health. Growing evidence suggests poor sleep patterns are related to impaired academic life and lower psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to explore the importance of sleep habits and report the associations of sleep problems with quality of academic life and different dimensions of mental health (e.g. worries, anxiety, self-regulation and resilience) in a large sample of college students. The HBSC/JUnP data base comprises a representative sample of 2991 college students (n=2203; 73.7% women), aged from 18 to 35 years old (22.43±3.83). Participants socio-demographic characteristics included sex and age. Besides, participants were inquired about sleep duration, characteristics of their sleep habits, questions about quality academic life, namely feeling bored in university, pressure from academic work and academic performance perception and mental health, namely worries, anxiety, self-regulation and resilience. Results showed most young people report an average value for sleep habits (M=4.41; SD=1.46) and that they sleep an average of 7 hours a night. More than half of the young people report either being affected by difficulty falling asleep, showing signs of sleep onset insomnia (67.7%). The conducted analyses indicated that the difficulty falling asleep (having insomnia) was associated with poor/reasonable academic performance perception, higher levels of concerns and anxiety, and lower levels of self-regulation and resilience, thus jeopardizing the mental health of college students. In turn, that characteristics of sleep was also associated with poor sleep habits. In conclusion, this study showed that poor sleep habits were associated with a worse level of academic performance perception and low levels of mental health among college students in Portugal. Universities offer enormous potential as settings to promote sleep-health programs since they can reach many young people who are future-oriented and willing to learn. There is then the need for academic researchers, teaching staff and health professionals working for college students health, to develop and test a wide array of sleep-promoting interventions (e.g., education classes, online programs, adjustment of class time), thus preventing negative secondary outcomes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio