Perfil dos observadores de aves no Parque Natural da Ria Formosa

In the Algarve the potential for birdwatching tourism is widely recognized, especially in the Ria Formosa Natural Park (RFNP). This study aims to describe birdwatchers' profile in the RFNP. For this purpose, a survey was applied. The results show that the most frequent nationalities of birdwatchers are: British (39%), Dutch (17%) and Portuguese (17%). The majority of birdwatchers are male (55%) and married (57%). The average age is 50 years old. They are highly educated (74% have an academic degree). Concerning profession, the most frequent answer was retired (41%). Respondents are committed to the activity as the majority possess special equipment and practice birdwatching in vacations. This study also tests if nationality is related to other characteristics of the birdwatchers, by using the Kruskal-Wallis and the Chi-square tests. Overall, the results of this study highlight that regional management organizations should invest in developing birdwatching in the RFNP.O potencial para o turismo de birdwatching é vastamente reconhecido, especialmente no Parque Natural da Ria Formosa (PNRF). Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil dos observadores de aves que visitam o PNRF. Para esse propósito, foi aplicado um questionário. Os resultados mostram que as nacionalidades mais frequentes dos observadores de aves são: britânica (39%), holandesa (17%) e portuguesa (17%). A maioria dos observadores de aves é do sexo masculino (55%), sendo o seu estado civil casado (57%). A idade média é de 50 anos. O seu nível educacional é elevado (74% têm um grau académico). Quanto à profissão, a resposta mais frequente foi aposentado (41%). Os inquiridos estão comprometidos com a atividade, pois a maioria possui equipamentos especiais e pratica observação de aves nas férias. Este estudo também testa se a nacionalidade está relacionada com outras características dos observadores de aves, através de testes Kruskal-Wallis e Qui-quadrado. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que as organizações de gestão regional devem investir no desenvolvimento do birdwatching no PNRF.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Male stalking victimization: prevalence, characteristics and impact

Introduction: Men are more likely than women to engage as perpetrators of violent crime [1]. Male victimization has remained under-researched and only more recently had received scientific interest (e.g., intimate partner victimization) [2]. Likewise, stalking has been characterized by a high number of women involved as victims and men involved as perpetrators [3], being recognized as a gender crime against women in the Istanbul Convention [4]. Research on perceptions of stalking has revealed that male stalking victimization is considered less concerning and less dangerous than female victimization and that males should be able to control their own stalking experience [1]. This study aimed to identify the prevalence, characteristics and impact of stalking victimization in Portuguese men. Helpseeking behaviors are also analyses. Materials and methods: We used a subsample composed for 570 men, retrieved from of a representative national sample inquired about stalking victimization. The participants were a mean age of 43.78 (DP = 17.99), were mostly married (51%) and employed (71%). The Stalking Victimization Inventory was developed to assess stalking victimization and associated features. The inventory included 23 items, organized in five sections, namely sociodemographic characterization, prevalence of stalking victimization, behaviors and dynamics, impact, and helpseeking sources. To guarantee that participants understood the focus of the study, data were collected through face-to-face interviews, conducted all over the country, during three months. Results: The lifetime prevalence of stalking in men was 13.6% (n=?). The stalker was mostly perpetrated by a woman (75%), without any intimate relationship (former or actual) in 62% and by an intimate partner in 38% of the cases. The participants were victims of a diversity of stalking behaviours (M = 3.48; DP = 2.07). For the majority stalking lasted more than a month (71%) and, in the most intense phase, stalker attacks occurred daily or weekly (86%). The majority (80.8%) reported that stalking behaviours negatively affected some area of their individual functioning, with intimate relationships and psychological health being the most affected (57% and 54%, respectively). A hierarchical linear regression allowed to identify as significant independent predictors of greater impact the sex of the stalker (being male, B = - 3.87, 95%CI [-7,15,.619]), a higher diversity of stalking behaviours suffered (B = .94, 95%CI [.24, 1.63]) and to feel fear as a consequence of the stalking victimization (B = 7.11, 95%CI [2.68, 11.52]). Despite this, only 25.4% of the victims sought some kind of support to cope with stalking victimization. Discussion and conclusions: The results show that stalking against men in Portugal should deserve more attention, namely because it has an impact on different areas and well-being of victims. Victim support institutions and judicial entities should ensure gender neutral support services in order to adequate response to the needs of male victims

Consumo de tabaco na população portuguesa - análise de efeitos de idade-período-coorte

INTRODUÇÃO: O consumo de tabaco é um importante factor de risco para várias doenças. Em Portugal tem-se verificado uma diminuição da prevalência de consumo entre os homens e aumento entre as mulheres, tendo sido sugerido um efeito de coorte. O objectivo deste trabalho é avaliar a existência de efeitos de idade-período-coorte na prevalência de consumo de tabaco. MÉTODOS: Dados dos Inquéritos Nacionais de Saúde (INS) disponíveis foram analisados (1987, 1995/96, 1998, 2005/06). Foram calculadas coortes com base na idade reportada à data do inquérito. Analisaram-se prevalência por idade (com períodos e coortes conectados), por período e por coorte, estratificadas por sexo. RESULTADOS: Nos homens verifica-se sobreposição na distribuição de prevalências por idade (ligada por período), excepto no período de 25-34 anos em que ocorre diminuição ao longo dos vários INS [prevalências 25-29 anos: 53,7% (1987) a 39,6% (2005)]. O mesmo se verifica na análise por período, com distribuição constante em cada faixa etária (excepto 25-34 anos). A análise por idade ligada por coorte apresenta sobreposição de prevalências na maioria das idades, enquanto a análise por coorte mostra linhas paralelas mas com prevalências decrescentes nos grupos etários (máximo 54,3% - 25-29 anos, coorte 1956-1960; mínimo nos ≥65 anos - 12,6%-15,0%). Nas mulheres não se verifica sobreposição nas prevalências por idade (ligada por período), com prevalências crescentes para os diferentes inquéritos e um desvio para a direita da faixa etária com maior prevalência (em 1987, 20-24 – 18.9%; em 2005, 30-35 – 20,2%). O mesmo se verifica por período, com aumento das prevalências nas várias idades (maior aumento nos 40-44, 14,5%). A análise por idade (ligada por coorte) não apresenta sobreposição de prevalências, verificando-se maiores prevalências nas coortes de 1961-65 e 1966-70 (em particular nesta última 35-39 anos - 20,2%). A análise por coorte mostra aumento progressivo em cada faixa etária, crescimento que se verifica até à coorte 1961, altura em que se verifica uma estabilização. DISCUSSÃO/CONCLUSÕES: Verificam-se diferentes padrões nos homens e mulheres: a análise sugere um efeito de idade para os homens e efeito de coorte-período para as mulheres. Apesar de limitada pelos períodos irregulares entre os inquéritos a presente análise permite perceber a dinâmica de evolução do consumo de tabaco, contribuindo para estabelecimento de intervenções mais dirigidas

Socio-demographic factors associated with tobacco consumption and cessation in Portugal

Background: Smoking is a significant risk factor for several diseases. Social inequalities have been described for tobacco consumption and though to a lesser extend for tobacco cessation. Objectives: Describe sociodemographic factors associated with tobacco consumption and cessation. Methods: Data from the 2005/2006 Portuguese National Health Interview Survey was analysed. A multinomial log-linear model was fitted considering 3 groups: present smokers, former smokers and never smokers. Relative Risk Ratios (RRR) were obtained. Men and women were analysed separately. RRR adjusted for age and comparatively with reference categories (Centre for regions, married for marital status, student for professional situation and higher education for education) are presented. RRR of present smokers compare to never smokers and RRR of former smokers to present smokers. Results: Men from groups that have higher RRR of present smoking also have lower RRR of stopping. The lowest risk of cessation and higher of consumption was observed in Azores [RRR (95 % Confidence Interval (CI 95)) 0.53 (0.46, 0.61) and 1.89 (1.64, 2.18), respectively]. Divorcees, unemployed, and men with lower secondary education all had lower risk of cessation and higher of consumption, [respectively RRR (IC 95): 0.50 (0.41, 0.61) and 2.01 (1.64, 2.46); RRR (IC 95): 0.16 (0.13, 0.20) and 6.29 (5.00, 7.91); RRR (IC 95): 0.65 (0.56, 0.77) and 1.53 (1.30, 1.79)]. Similar results were observed in women (higher RRR of smoking and lower RRR of stop). Exceptions were found in the non-unemployed women and those with less that upper secondary. Taking region into consideration women in Madeira had a lower RRR of stop smoking and in Lisbon they had the higher risk of smoking [RRR (IC 95) 0.40 (0.27, 0.58) and 2.11 (1.74, 2.57), respectively]. The same was observed for divorced women [RRR (IC 95) 0.54 (0.41, 0.69) and 3.21 (2.69, 3.84), respectively]. Unemployed had the lower risk of quitting smoking and the highest of smoking [RRR (IC 95) 0.83 (0.51, 1.38) and 4.23 (3.20, 5.58), respectively], while the other groups had highest RRR of stop smoking and smoking, comparatively with reference group. Less educated women (lower secondary or less) had lower risk of cessation but also lower risk of smoking. Conclusions: Unfavourable sociodemographic characteristics are associated with higher risks of being a current smoker and lower risks of being an ex-smoker. Different/further cessation measures are needed in these less prone to quit group of individuals, namely men from Azores, divorced, unemployed and with lower secondary education and for divorced and unemployed women

Internet das coisas na educação. Tecnologia, pedagogia e aprendizagem

Our society, driven by technological innovations, has become increasingly digital and interconnected, making operating tasks easier and faster. The Internet of Things is based (IoT) on a set of technologies that allows intelligent devices, such as sensors, to connect objects to the Internet and collect data that will be stored for later analysis and control. According to the Hype Cycle, it is one of the emerging technologies that we recognize in it an added value for all sectors of society, Education included. In this context, school should take advantage of the possibilities offered by this technology, since it makes the classroom an "open space" where physical limitations are not relevant to the interpretation of the surrounding environment. It supports an active Case-Based Learning (CBL) by exploring issues that meet the interests and context of students and their community. For this, the object under study will be monitored and students will act on it, after analyzing the data, and control the variables, in real time and with constant updating. Thus, this article aims to do a scooping review of literature of data obtained from three databases: B-ON, IEEE Xplore and Google Scholar, between 2014 and 2018. The data obtained will be object of content analysis, in order to investigate the added value of the IoT in Education, especially in what concerns CBL methodology, and to investigate the technology associated with it.A nossa sociedade, impulsionada pelas inovações tecnológicas, é cada vez mais digital e interligada, tornando as tarefas operacionais mais fáceis e rápidas. A Internet das Coisas (IoT) é baseada num conjunto de tecnologias que permitem que dispositivos inteligentes, como sensores, liguem objetos à Internet e recolham dados que serão armazenados para posterior análise e controle. Segundo o Hype Cycle, esta é uma das tecnologias emergentes em que reconhecemos valor acrescentado para todos os setores da sociedade, incluindo a Educação. Neste contexto, a escola deve aproveitar as possibilidades oferecidas por esta tecnologia, uma vez que faz da sala de aula um “espaço aberto”, onde as limitações físicas não são relevantes para a interpretação do ambiente envolvente. Apoia uma aprendizagem ativa baseada em casos (Case-Based Learning, CBL), explorando questões que vão ao encontro dos interesses e do contexto dos alunos e da sua comunidade. Para isso, o objeto em estudo será monitorizado e, após análise dos dados, os alunos atuarão sobre ele e controlarão as variáveis, em tempo real e com atualização constante. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica de dados obtidos de três bases de dados: B-ON, IEEE Xplore e Google Scholar, entre 2014 e 2018, anos em que a IoT está no pico inflacionado do Gartner. Os dados obtidos serão sujeitos a análise de conteúdo, de forma a investigar o valor acrescentado da IoT na Educação, especialmente no que diz respeito à metodologia Case-Based Learning (CBL), bem como a tecnologia a ela associada

Educational Platform SOLL with the IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network composed of various objects and devices connected to the Internet, which emerge with great potential for education. Thus, in order to verify the potential of IoT in an interdisciplinary approach of the science curriculum in the 3rd Cycle of Basic Education emerges project SOLL: Intelligent Objects Linked to Learning, which is an interactive, dynamic and interdisciplinary learning platform, supported by a set of technologies that collect and store data from a greenhouse for later interdisciplinary analysis. In this article, the platform’s architecture is exposed and, from a mixed methodology - student questionnaires, teacher focus group interviews and continuous observation of participants recorded in the researcher’s diary - the data obtained show that this platform respond to the new learning community structure, by adopting a different learning model, with exploration of interests and enrichment of educational experiences.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Using IoT to improve learning

Having identified the dynamics of the classroom as an important factor for improving students' learning, we intend to present Internet of Things (IoT), through the learning platform SOLL: Smart Objects Linked to Learning, as a resource capable of generating favorable conditions to an environment of learning. This because the IoT allows, from sensors, the collection of data in real time in different contexts such as greenhouse, swimming pool or atmosphere, among others. These data generated by the context, for example humidity, temperature or distance, among others, will be analyzed and used by students to carry out theoretical-practical and practical activities, in order to consolidate the Essential Learnings of each discipline involved in the project. This, so that the student finds meaning in what he is learning, without failing to fulfill the essential learnings and the one defined in the student's profile after leaving compulsory education. Therefore, in order to show that the use of IoT can improve learning, an investigation of qualitative methodology was developed, using the SOLL learning platform for interdisciplinary work with 8th graders and their teachers in the disciplines of physics and chemistry, natural sciences, mathematics, geography and information and communication technology, in which the chosen context was the greenhouse, where data on sun moisture, soil and air temperature, soil pH and plant growth were collected to carry out activities. Thus, during the performance of the interdisciplinary activities, data were collected: from the students, a description was chosen, and from the professors, a focused discussion was chosen. The data obtained show that, in general, activities that use IoT, whether theoretical-practical or practical, create an environment conducive to learning, awaken the senses, increase the motivation for meaningful learning and favor curriculum development from the context as a way to overcome curriculum decentralization, leading students to learn more.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Intimate partner homicide: victims and the dynamics of victim – perpetrator relationship

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reconstrução esofágica : revisão teórica a propósito de três casos clínicos

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2020Na reconstrução esofágica, em primeiro lugar, recorre-se à criação de um conduto a partir do estômago, contudo esta, nem sempre, é uma opção viável. A segunda opção mais utilizada é um segmento pediculado de cólon. No entanto, devido às características do cólon, esta reconstrução acarreta maior morbilidade e mortalidade, estando frequentemente associada a um maior número de deiscências anastomóticas e redundância do interposto cólico. Com o desenvolvimento da cirurgia microvascular, tem-se vindo a utilizar um segmento de jejuno pediculado complementado por uma anastomose microvascular. Esta cirurgia está associada a uma maior complexidade técnica, implicando um maior tempo operatório. Contudo, a menor frequência de patologia intrínseca do jejuno, a sua disponibilidade e manutenção do peristaltismo apresentam-se como vantagens na sua utilização. Quer por falência da reconstrução esofágica ou cirurgias abdominais prévias, pode não ser possível fazer a reconstrução com segmentos do trato gastrointestinal. Nestes casos, está descrita a utilização de retalhos cutâneos ou miocutâneos, os quais apresentam uma maior tolerância à isquemia e menor complexidade cirúrgica. Contudo, não possuem peristaltismo, estando associados a um maior grau de deiscências e estenoses. Após as reconstruções, a diminuição da perfusão condiciona complicações isquémicas que podem pôr em causa a viabilidade do segmento. Assim, tem vindo a ser utilizada a angiografia de verde de indocianina no intraoperatório, com o objetivo de avaliar o suprimento sanguíneo do órgão utilizado e otimizar a anastomose. Neste trabalho, é feita uma revisão da literatura sobre as opções para a reconstrução do esófago, e são apresentados três casos clínicos em que as reconstruções esofágicas necessárias seriam complexas.The first line of esophageal reconstruction is a gastric pull-up. When the stomach is not available, a pedicled colon flap could be used. This option is associated with some morbidity and mortality, as well as anastomotic leakage and colon redundancy. Recent advances in microvascular surgery allowed the use of a supercharged microvascular jejunal flap. However, this is a more technical complex surgery with a longer operating time. The jejunum has less intrinsic pathology, is readily available and this conduit may maintain the peristalsis. When previous attempts of esophageal reconstruction had failed or there is a history of abdominal surgery, these gastrointestinal conduits may not be an option. In these cases, it has been described the use of a skin flap or a myocutaneous flap. These flaps are more tolerable to ischemia and the surgery is less complex. However, they don’t have any peristaltic movement and anastomotic leakage and stenosis are frequent complications. The perfusion impairment of the anastomotic sites can cause the loss of the conduit. To prevent ischemic complications, the indocyanine green angiography has been used intraoperatively. This technique allows the assessment of organ perfusion and optimization of the anastomotic site. This work presents a literature review about esophageal reconstruction techniques and three esophageal reconstruction clinical cases