As metodologias BIM como auxiliar no projeto de reabilitação energética de edifícios

Atualmente o edificado europeu é responsável por 40% do total da energia consumida e por 36% da emissão de gases que contribuem para o efeito de estufa. A reabilitação energética do edificado existente, especialmente daquele construído antes da entrada em vigor da primeira regulamentação térmica, aliada a práticas sustentáveis, é um passo essencial e uma prioridade da UE para que os seus Estados-Membro reduzam a sua dependência energética e as suas emissões de gases de efeito de estufa, tornando os seus edifícios mais sustentáveis.Neste contexto, o presente estudo mostra a reabilitação energética de um edifício residencial português, construído no final da década de 60, utilizando uma abordagem baseada no Building Information Modelling (BIM) durante as fases iniciais de projeto. A metodologia BIM foi utilizada com o objetivo de realizar análises de desempenho energético do caso de estudo, de maneira a analisar as vantagens desta abordagem na identificação dos melhores cenários de reabilitação energética. Após a referida análise, foi possível constatar que a utilização de metodologias BIM, permite aos projetistas a rápida realização de comparações entre as possíveis soluções a adotar, auxiliando assim a tomada de decisão. Ao mesmo tempo, possibilita ainda a redução de tempo e custos durante as fases iniciais de um projeto e, consequentemente, promove a eficiência e a sustentabilidade do edificado.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aproximaciones didácticas al concepto de estilo de enseñanza en docentes universitarios

: En la determinación de la calidad del proceso de enseñanza de docentes universitarios intervienen una serie de factores que exigen una reflexión en torno a las prácticas de enseñanza, específicamente, en lo relacionado al estilo de enseñanza propio de cada profesor. En este artículo se identificaron los estilos de enseñanza de docentes de las carreras de Nutrición y Dietética y de Enfermería de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Sede Bogotá, a partir de la concepción de estilo de enseñanza, definido en términos de particularidad y patrones de conducta del docente, que determina sus orientaciones y actitudes frente a ambientes disciplinares específicos, y respecto a su interacción con los estudiantes, en contextos determinados.El estilo de enseñanza se caracterizó a partir de tres dimensiones: la dimensión personal, o también llamada teoría didáctica implícita, valorada desde tres categorías deductivas: comprensión de aprender, comprensión de enseñar; y comprensión de evaluar y desde tres categorías inductivas: valoración del estudiante, relación afectiva con el estudiante y percepción de compromiso con la labor docente. La dimensión metodológica, se valoró a partir de las categorías deductivas de planeación y desarrollo, y una categoría inductiva: motivación como elemento esencial en la vida del aula. Finalmente, la dimensión evaluativa, se valoró a partir de las categorías de estrategias, técnicas N.º 24 • Segundo semestre de 2008 • pp. 23-38y recursos. Se concluyó que en algunos casos, pero no en todos ellos, existía coherencia de los estilos encontrados con el Proyecto Educativo Institucional, pei, y con el currículo de la carrera estudiada. Una vez identificado el estilo del docente universitario, se propone una serie de lineamientos generales para la transformación de las prácticas de enseñanza, orientados a cubrir el espectro de calidad hacia el mejoramiento del desempeñ

Thermal performance and comfort condition analysis in a vernacular building with a glazed balcony

The increase in global environmental problems requires more environmentally efficient construction. Vernacular passive strategies can play an important role in helping reducing energy use and CO2 emissions related to buildings. This paper studies the use of glazed balconies in the North of Portugal as a strategy to capture solar gains and reduce heat losses. The purpose is understanding thermal performance and comfort conditions provided by this passive heating strategy. The methodology includes objective (short and long-term monitoring), to evaluate the different parameters affecting thermal comfort and air quality, and subjective assessments to assess occupants? perception regarding thermal sensation. The results show that the use of glazed balconies as a passive heating strategy in a climate with cold winters is viable. During the mid-seasons, the rooms with balcony have adequate comfort conditions. In the heating season, it is possible to achieve comfort conditions in sunny days while in the cooling season there is a risk of overheating. Regarding indoor air quality, carbon dioxide concentrations were low, but the average radon concentration measured was high when the building was unoccupied, rapidly decreasing to acceptable values, during occupation periods when a minimum ventilation rate was promoted. Occupants? actions were essential to improving building behavior.The authors would like to acknowledge the support granted by the FEDER funds through the Competitively and Internationalization Operational Programme (POCI) and by national funds through FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) within the scope of the project with the reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029328, and of the Ph.D. grant with the reference PD/BD/113641/2015, that were fundamental for the development of this study

Cambio de paradigma en la organización de la información en la sociedad de la información y el conocimiento

El presente trabajo aborda cómo en los contextos internacional y nacional, la ciencia de la información ha encaminado iniciativas que permiten resolver los problemas específicos de los documentos electrónicos, pero todas estas iniciativas han partido de la preocupación por la validez y autenticidad de estos documentos electrónicos y su conservación a largo plazo con el uso de los constantes cambios en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), en función de la sociedad de la información y la sociedad del conocimiento Abstract In this work as in the international and national information science has initiatives designed to address the specific problems of electronic records, but all these initiatives have started from the concern over the validity and authenticity of these documents and electronic its long-term conservation with the use of the constant changes in information technology and communication, based on the information society and knowledge-based society

Lenguajes de recuperación de información sobre la web semántica

La recopilación de información digital en las distintas áreas del saber es de vital importancia ya que facilita el intercambio de información, mejorando así las redes de apoyo académico y científico. Una manera para acceder a este conocimiento es mediante la recuperación de información sobre documentos, es así que existe una variedad de lenguajes de consulta y recuperación de información basados en la sintaxis XML. Este trabajo de investigación busca realizar un estudio comparativo desde el punto de expresividad de los siguientes lenguajes de consulta y recuperación: XQuery, XQL, RQL, SPARQL, SeRQL y OWL-QL. ABSTRACT The collection of digital information from different areas of knowledge is vital as it facilitates the exchange of knowledge, thereby improving support to and academic scientists networks. One way to access this knowledge by retrieving information about documents, so that there is a variety of languages query and XML-Based information retrieval. This research seeks a comparative study in terms of expressiveness of the following query and recovery languages: XQuery, XQL, RQL, SPARQL, and OWL-QL SeRQL.

DETECCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS VISUALES MEDIANTE UN ENTORNO VIRTUAL INTELIGENTE

Este proyecto propone la creación de un Entorno Virtual Inteligente, el cual consiste en un diseño en 3D del ojo humano y en la incorporación a éste de una Red Neuronal Artificial, orientado a la detección de problemas visuales como Astigmatismo, Miopía e Hipermetropía, lo cual se convierte en una herramienta de gran ayuda a la Medicina en el campo de la Optometría, facilitando diagnósticos de manera precisa y clara a los optómetras, además de que es una herramienta útil para estudiantes de Optometría o personas que quieran estudiar de manera didáctica los problemas visuale

Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers are associated with depression and nicotine dependence

AbstractTo determine if oxidative stress and inflammation are linked with major depressive disorder, nicotine dependence and both disorders combined. This study comprised 150 smokers and 191 never smokers. The instruments were: a socio-demographic questionnaire, diagnoses of mood disorder and nicotine dependence according to DSM-IV, (SCID-IV), and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Laboratory assessments included: nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde (MDA), total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), fibrinogen concentrations, homocysteine, erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assayed from blood specimens. Statistically significant differences were found among depressed smokers who had more severe depressive symptoms, a higher risk of alcohol consumption, more suicide attempts, and more disability for work than non-depressed never smokers. Depressed smokers had significantly higher levels of NOx, fibrinogen, hs-CRP, AOPP, ESR and lower levels of TRAP compared to non-depressed never smokers. Depressed smokers had significant levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers after adjusting for gender, age, years of education, disability for work, and laboratory measures. The levels of NOx, lipid hydroperoxides, AOPP, and fibrinogen were substantially higher, whereas levels of TRAP were lower in depressed smokers compared to non-depressed never smokers. (1) Depressed smokers exhibited altered concentrations of NOx, lipid hydroperoxides, AOPP, TRAP, and fibrinogen. (2) Depressed smokers were more unable to work, showed more severe depressive symptoms and attempted suicide more frequently

Molecular Weight Tuning of Organic Semiconductors for Curved Organic-Inorganic Hybrid X-Ray Detectors

Curved X-ray detectors have the potential to revolutionize diverse sectors due to benefits such as reduced image distortion and vignetting compared to their planar counterparts. While the use of inorganic semiconductors for curved detectors are restricted by their brittle nature, organic-inorganic hybrid semiconductors which incorporated bismuth oxide nanoparticles in an organic bulk heterojunction consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) are considered to be more promising in this regard. However, the influence of the P3HT molecular weight on the mechanical stability of curved, thick X-ray detectors remains less well understood. Herein, high P3HT molecular weights (>40 kDa) are identified to allow increased intermolecular bonding and chain entanglements, resulting in X-ray detectors that can be curved to a radius as low as 1.3 mm with low deviation in X-ray response under 100 repeated bending cycles while maintaining an industry-standard dark current of mu C Gy(-1) cm(-2). This study identifies a crucial missing link in the development of curved detectors, namely the importance of the molecular weight of the polymer semiconductors used

Tissue Equivalent Curved Organic X-ray Detectors Utilizing High Atomic Number Polythiophene Analogues

Organic semiconductors are a promising material candidate for X-ray detection. However, the low atomic number (Z) of organic semiconductors leads to poor X-ray absorption thus restricting their performance. Herein, the authors propose a new strategy for achieving high-sensitivity performance for X-ray detectors based on organic semiconductors modified with high –Z heteroatoms. X-ray detectors are fabricated with p-type organic semiconductors containing selenium heteroatoms (poly(3-hexyl)selenophene (P3HSe)) in blends with an n-type fullerene derivative ([6,6]-Phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM). When characterized under 70, 100, 150, and 220 kVp X-ray radiation, these heteroatom-containing detectors displayed a superior performance in terms of sensitivity up to 600 ± 11 nC Gy−1 cm−2 with respect to the bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticle (NP) sensitized organic detectors. Despite the lower Z of selenium compared to the NPs typically used, the authors identify a more efficient generation of electron-hole pairs, better charge transfer, and charge transport characteristics in heteroatom-incorporated detectors that result in this breakthrough detector performance. The authors also demonstrate flexible X-ray detectors that can be curved to a radius as low as 2 mm with low deviation in X-ray response under 100 repeated bending cycles while maintaining an industry-standard ultra-low dark current of 0.03 ± 0.01 pA mm−2

description of the methodological approach

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