SisFall : A Fall and Movement Dataset

ABSTRACT: Research on fall and movement detection with wearable devices has witnessed promising growth. However, there are few publicly available datasets, all recorded with smartphones, which are insufficient for testing new proposals due to their absence of objective population, lack of performed activities, and limited information. Here, we present a dataset of falls and activities of daily living (ADLs) acquired with a self-developed device composed of two types of accelerometer and one gyroscope. It consists of 19 ADLs and 15 fall types performed by 23 young adults, 15 ADL types performed by 14 healthy and independent participants over 62 years old, and data from one participant of 60 years old that performed all ADLs and falls. These activities were selected based on a survey and a literature analysis. We test the dataset with widely used feature extraction and a simple to implement threshold based classification, achieving up to 96% of accuracy in fall detection. An individual activity analysis demonstrates that most errors coincide in a few number of activities where new approaches could be focused. Finally, validation tests with elderly people significantly reduced the fall detection performance of the tested features. This validates findings of other authors and encourages developing new strategies with this new dataset as the benchmark

Human Cerebral Activation during Steady-State Visual-Evoked Responses

Flicker stimuli of variable frequency (2-90 Hz) elicit a steady-state visual-evoked response (SSVER) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) with the same frequency as the stimulus. In humans, the amplitude of this response peaks at approximately 15 Hz, decreasing at higher stimulation frequencies. It was not known whether this peak response corresponds to increased synaptic activity in the visual cortex or to other mechanisms [for instance, the temporal coherence (phase summation) of evoked responses]. We studied the SSVER in 16 normal volunteers by means of visual stimulation at 14 different frequencies (from 5 to 60 Hz) while recording the EEG. In nine subjects of the group, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography (PET)-H2(15)O at rest and during visual stimulation at five different frequencies: 5, 10, 15, 25, and 40 Hz. We confirmed that the amplitude of the SSVER in occipital regions peaks at 15 Hz stimulation. Applying to the PET rCBF data a contrast weighted by the amplitude of the SSVER, we determined that the primary visual cortex rCBF follows an activation pattern similar to the SSVER. This finding suggests that the amplitude of the SSVER corresponds to increased synaptic activity, specifically in Brodmann's area 17. Additionally, this study showed that visual stimulation at 40 Hz causes selective activation of the macular region of the visual cortex, and that a region in the dorsal aspect of the Crus I lobule of the left cerebellar hemisphere is activated during repetitive visual stimulation

Topography of Cortical Activation Differs for Fundamental and Harmonic Frequencies of the Steady-State Visual-Evoked Responses. An EEG and PET H15 2 O Study

In humans, visual flicker stimuli of graded frequency (2--90 Hz) elicit an electroencephalographic (EEG) steady-state visual-evoked response (SSVER) with the same fundamental frequency as the stimulus and, in addition, a series of harmonic responses. The fundamental component of the SSVER is generated by increased synaptic activity in primary visual cortex (V1). We set out to determine the cortical origin of the harmonic responses in humans. For this purpose, we recorded the SSVERs at 5 different frequencies (5, 10, 15, 25, and 40 Hz) and measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography-H15 2 O at rest and during visual stimulation at the same frequencies. The rCBF contrast weighted by the amplitude of the SSVERs first harmonics showed activation of a swath of cortex perpendicular to V1, including mostly the inferior half of the parietooccipital sulcus. This area overlapped minimally with the primary visual cortex activated by the fundamental frequency. A different method, estimating EEG cortical source current density with lowresolution brain electromagnetic tomography, gave the same results. Our finding suggests that the inferior portion of the banks of the parieto-occipital sulci contains association visual cortex involved in the procparieto-occipital sulcus

Primeros resultados experimentales de la operación continua de una planta piloto de climatización solar

Se exponen los resultados experimentales de la operación de una planta piloto de climatización por adsorción-humidificación con regeneración solar de silica gel. Para el estudio del proceso de adsorción-humidificación se registraron valores de caudales, temperatura y humedad relativa del aire en la entrada y salida de la habitación a climatizar. Los ensayos se realizaron para un caudal de aire de 700 kg/h. Los procesos de adsorción-humidificación se realizaron en forma simultánea con la regeneración solar. Mediante la realización de los ensayos de adsorción-humidificación y regeneración de silica gel se logró determinar la potencia frigorífica de la planta para diferentes meses del año y distintas cargas térmicas. Se determinó que el equipo desarrolla potencias del orden de 2400 kcal/h cuando la temperatura ambiente es elevada.The experimental operation results for a pilot plant of air conditioning by adsorption-humidification with silica gel's solar regeneration are exposed. For the study of adsorption-humidification process experimental values for wealth, temperature and relative dampness on the input and output of the refrigerated room were registered. The tests were carried out with a 700 kg/h wealth. The adsorption-humidification processes were performed simultaneously with solar regeneration. Through adsorption-humidification and solar regeneration of silica gel tests it was possible to determine refrigeration power of the plant for different months of the year and different heat charges. It was determined that the machine develops powers in the order of the 2300 kcal/h when environment’s temperature is high.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Primeros resultados experimentales de la operación continua de una planta piloto de climatización solar

Se exponen los resultados experimentales de la operación de una planta piloto de climatización por adsorción-humidificación con regeneración solar de silica gel. Para el estudio del proceso de adsorción-humidificación se registraron valores de caudales, temperatura y humedad relativa del aire en la entrada y salida de la habitación a climatizar. Los ensayos se realizaron para un caudal de aire de 700 kg/h. Los procesos de adsorción-humidificación se realizaron en forma simultánea con la regeneración solar. Mediante la realización de los ensayos de adsorción-humidificación y regeneración de silica gel se logró determinar la potencia frigorífica de la planta para diferentes meses del año y distintas cargas térmicas. Se determinó que el equipo desarrolla potencias del orden de 2400 kcal/h cuando la temperatura ambiente es elevada.The experimental operation results for a pilot plant of air conditioning by adsorption-humidification with silica gel's solar regeneration are exposed. For the study of adsorption-humidification process experimental values for wealth, temperature and relative dampness on the input and output of the refrigerated room were registered. The tests were carried out with a 700 kg/h wealth. The adsorption-humidification processes were performed simultaneously with solar regeneration. Through adsorption-humidification and solar regeneration of silica gel tests it was possible to determine refrigeration power of the plant for different months of the year and different heat charges. It was determined that the machine develops powers in the order of the 2300 kcal/h when environment’s temperature is high.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Primeros resultados experimentales de la operación continua de una planta piloto de climatización solar

Se exponen los resultados experimentales de la operación de una planta piloto de climatización por adsorción-humidificación con regeneración solar de silica gel. Para el estudio del proceso de adsorción-humidificación se registraron valores de caudales, temperatura y humedad relativa del aire en la entrada y salida de la habitación a climatizar. Los ensayos se realizaron para un caudal de aire de 700 kg/h. Los procesos de adsorción-humidificación se realizaron en forma simultánea con la regeneración solar. Mediante la realización de los ensayos de adsorción-humidificación y regeneración de silica gel se logró determinar la potencia frigorífica de la planta para diferentes meses del año y distintas cargas térmicas. Se determinó que el equipo desarrolla potencias del orden de 2400 kcal/h cuando la temperatura ambiente es elevada.The experimental operation results for a pilot plant of air conditioning by adsorption-humidification with silica gel's solar regeneration are exposed. For the study of adsorption-humidification process experimental values for wealth, temperature and relative dampness on the input and output of the refrigerated room were registered. The tests were carried out with a 700 kg/h wealth. The adsorption-humidification processes were performed simultaneously with solar regeneration. Through adsorption-humidification and solar regeneration of silica gel tests it was possible to determine refrigeration power of the plant for different months of the year and different heat charges. It was determined that the machine develops powers in the order of the 2300 kcal/h when environment’s temperature is high.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Effect of Patient Sex on the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Newly Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Admitted by an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: The cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) differ by sex. We hypothesized that sex influences the severity of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with OSA. OSA was defined as an apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI)>15 events·h-1. We evaluated the severity of ACS according to the ejection fraction, Killip class, number of diseased vessels, number of stents implanted and plasma peak troponin level. Methods: We included 663 men (mean±SD, AHI 37±18 events·h-1) and 133 women (AHI 35±18 events·h-1) with OSA. Results: The men were younger than the women (59±11 versus 66±11 years, p<0.0001), exhibited a higher neck circumference (p<0.0001), and were more likely to be smokers and alcohol users than women (p<0.0001, p = 0.0005, respectively). Body mass index and percentage of hypertensive patients or diabetics were similar between sexes. We observed a slight tendency for a higher Killip classification in women, although it was not statistically significant (p = 0.055). For men, we observed that the number of diseased vessels and the number of stents implanted were higher (p = 0.02, p = 0.001, respectively), and a decrease in the ejection fraction (p = 0.002). Conclusions: This study shows that sex in OSA influences the severity of ACS. Men show a lower ejection fraction and an increased number of diseased vessels and number of stents implanted

In vitro and in vivo activity of a new small-molecule inhibitor of HDAC6 in mantle cell lymphoma

Cancer origin and development is associated not only with genetic alterations, but also with the disturbance of epigenetic profiles.1 In this regard, the tumoral epigenome is characterized by both specific and general shifts in the DNA methylation and histone-modification landscapes.1 However, in contrast to genetic disruption, the effect of epigenetic modifications or marks may potentially be reversed by the use of drugs that target enzymes involved in adding, removing or signaling DNA methylation and histone modifications.1 This basic knowledge has been adopted into clinical practice, and inhibitors of histone deacetylases and DNA demethylating agents have been approved for use in the therapy of hematologic malignancies, such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome, respectively.2 Other promising epigenetic drugs include inhibitors of histone methyltransferases,2 histone demethylases,2 histone kinases,3 and bromodomain proteins that interfere with the 'reading' of acetylated histone residues

Exploring the Role of Mutations in Fanconi Anemia Genes in Hereditary Cancer Patients

Fanconi anemia (FA) is caused by biallelic mutations in FA genes. Monoallelic mutations in five of these genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, BRIP1 and RAD51C) increase the susceptibility to breast/ovarian cancer and are used in clinical diagnostics as bona-fide hereditary cancer genes. Increasing evidence suggests that monoallelic mutations in other FA genes could predispose to tumor development, especially breast cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the mutational spectrum of 14 additional FA genes (FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCI, FANCL, FANCM, FANCP, FANCQ, FANCR and FANCU) in a cohort of hereditary cancer patients, to compare with local cancer-free controls as well as GnomAD. A total of 1021 hereditary cancer patients and 194 controls were analyzed using our next generation custom sequencing panel. We identified 35 pathogenic variants in eight genes. A significant association with the risk of breast cancer/breast and ovarian cancer was found for carriers of FANCA mutations (odds ratio (OR) = 3.14 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-6.17, p = 0.003). Two patients with early-onset cancer showed a pathogenic FA variant in addition to another germline mutation, suggesting a modifier role for FA variants. Our results encourage a comprehensive analysis of FA genes in larger studies to better assess their role in cancer risk

Current clinical spectrum of common variable immunodeficiency in Spain: The multicentric nationwide GTEM-SEMI-CVID registry

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) constitutes a heterogenic group of primary immunodeficiency disorders with a wide-ranging clinical spectrum. CVID-associated non-infectious morbidity constitutes a major challenge requiring a full understanding of its pathophysiology and its clinical importance and global variability, especially considering the broad clinical, genetic, and regional heterogeneity of CVID disorders. This work aimed to develop a nationwide, multicenter, retrospective study over a 3-year period describing epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, therapeutic, and prognostic features of 250 CVID patients in Spain. The mean diagnostic delay was around 10 years and most patients initially presented with infectious complications followed by non-infectious immune disorders. However, infectious diseases were not the main cause of morbimortality. Non-infectious lung disease was extraordinarily frequent in our registry affecting approximately 60% of the patients. More than one-third of the patients in our cohort showed lymphadenopathies and splenomegaly in their follow-up, and more than 33% presented immune cytopenias, especially Evans' syndrome. Gastrointestinal disease was observed in more than 40% of the patients. Among biopsied organs in our cohort, benign lymphoproliferation was the principal histopathological alteration. Reaching 15.26%, the global prevalence of cancer in our registry was one of the highest reported to date, with non-Hodgkin B lymphoma being the most frequent. These data emphasize the importance of basic and translational research delving into the pathophysiological pathways involved in immune dysregulation and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration. This would reveal new tailored strategies to reduce immune complications, and the associated healthcare burden, and ensure a better quality of life for CVID patients