A probabilistic approach to emission-line galaxy classification

We invoke a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to jointly analyse two traditional emission-line classification schemes of galaxy ionization sources: the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich (BPT) and $\rm W_{H\alpha}$ vs. [NII]/H$\alpha$ (WHAN) diagrams, using spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 and SEAGal/STARLIGHT datasets. We apply a GMM to empirically define classes of galaxies in a three-dimensional space spanned by the $\log$ [OIII]/H$\beta$, $\log$ [NII]/H$\alpha$, and $\log$ EW(H${\alpha}$), optical parameters. The best-fit GMM based on several statistical criteria suggests a solution around four Gaussian components (GCs), which are capable to explain up to 97 per cent of the data variance. Using elements of information theory, we compare each GC to their respective astronomical counterpart. GC1 and GC4 are associated with star-forming galaxies, suggesting the need to define a new starburst subgroup. GC2 is associated with BPT's Active Galaxy Nuclei (AGN) class and WHAN's weak AGN class. GC3 is associated with BPT's composite class and WHAN's strong AGN class. Conversely, there is no statistical evidence -- based on four GCs -- for the existence of a Seyfert/LINER dichotomy in our sample. Notwithstanding, the inclusion of an additional GC5 unravels it. The GC5 appears associated to the LINER and Passive galaxies on the BPT and WHAN diagrams respectively. Subtleties aside, we demonstrate the potential of our methodology to recover/unravel different objects inside the wilderness of astronomical datasets, without lacking the ability to convey physically interpretable results. The probabilistic classifications from the GMM analysis are publicly available within the COINtoolbox (https://cointoolbox.github.io/GMM\_Catalogue/).Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA

AVERAGE TOTAL HEMISPHERIC EMISSIVITY MEASUREMENT IN THE LWIR SPECTRUM FOR ADHESIVE TAPES USED IN THE THERMOGRAPHY TAPE TEST

Thermographers often use comparative methods to estimate surfaceemissivity. Among the most used is the tape method. In this method a knownemissivity tape in the LWIR (Long Wavelength Infrared) spectrum is placedon the surface to be inspected. After thermal equilibrium, the temperature ofthe tape and the surface under inspection must be the same. In this case, thetemperature observed on the tape is the reference temperature. The emissivityof the surface must then be changed until the reference temperature isreached. It is common practice to admit the value of the emissivity of theadhesive tape as 0.95, there are few studies that present these data withmetrological rigor, which leads to doubts about the emissivity of thecommercial tapes. In this work, experiments were performed on Tekbond,Double A, 3M 101, Rapix, Altape, adhesive tapes for temperatures of 50, 55,60, 65 and 70ºC. An experimental apparatus was developed through which itwas possible to estimate surface reflection, transmission and atmosphericemission for one and two layers of tapes, in order to make emissivitymeasurements possible. Through the data it was possible to statisticallyestimate the LWIR average total hemispheric emissivity as well as theacceptance range to 95% certainty, being therefore equal to ε=0.94±0.03. Itis possible to arm, therefore, that the value of 0.95, usually used as emissivityof the adhesive tape, is extremely reasonable because it is 0.01 of the averagevalue of the Gaussian distribution calculated by this work

Exactly Solvable Models of Interacting Spin-s Particles in one-dimension

We consider the exact solution of a many-body problem of spin-$s$ particles interacting through an arbitrary U(1) invariant factorizable $S$-matrix. The solution is based on a unified formulation of the quantum inverse scattering method for an arbitrary $(2s+1)$-dimensional monodromy matrix. The respective eigenstates are shown to be given in terms of $2s$ creation fields by a general new recurrence relation. This allows us to derive the spectrum and the respective Bethe ansatz equations.Comment: 10 pages, plain late

Rede para construção de conhecimento sobre avaliação de sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas: tornando visível o invisível.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a estratégia adotada para fomentar as atividades de Rede de Construção de Conhecimento em Avaliação de Sustentabilidade em Agroecossistemas (Rede Consagro). Essa rede, de âmbito nacional, possui como base a compreensão da natureza multidimensional do desenvolvimento sustentável como um processo de construção social, e sua origem foi formalizada em dezembro de 2009. A proposta da rede é facilitar a comunicação entre pessoas interessadas em estudos sobre sustentabilidade, procurando incentivar ações de desenvolvimento de atividades relacionadas com o tema e contribuindo para a construção de conhecimento sobre avaliação de sustentabilidade. A consecução desses objetivos será norteada pelos seguintes pressupostos: agroecologia; agroecossistema como unidade básica de análise; e ênfase em metodologias participativas, na agricultura familiar, e em populações tradicionais e campesinas. A estratégia para desenvolvimento da rede está baseada na modalidade denominada aprendizado híbrido, em que as atividades são realizadas por meio de contatos pessoais e uso da informática. São apresentados detalhes da estratégia utilizada e os resultados observados ao longo das atividades; é destacada a aceitação das atividades da rede pelos seus participantes; e é mostrado o caminho futuro, com o incentivo ao uso da rede e a busca de ferramentas de informática que permitam uma ação mais sincronizada entre os atores

Tourist spaces and tourism policy in Spain and Portugal

Advances in Cultura, Tourism and Hospitality Research;10, 235-249This study analyses the relationship between the development of the tourism policy of Spain and Portugal and their effects on regional imbalances. Despite the proximity of the two countries and their specialisation in tourism, there are few comparative studies on tourism of the two Iberian countries. The study focuses on the two major phases of tourism policy: the period of mass tourism and post-Fordist stage. In the conclusions we refer the debate on the existence of a model of development based on tourism to the Latin countries of Southern Europe and we note the export process of the Spanish low-cost tourism model to other countries.Financiado por el Gobierno de España, Programa Fundamental de Investigación, Proyecto de I+D (CSO2012-30840) "Geografías de la crisis: análisis de los territorios urbanos y turísticos de las Islas Baleares, Costa del Sol y principales destinos del Caribe y América Central"

Algebraic Bethe ansatz approach for the one-dimensional Hubbard model

We formulate in terms of the quantum inverse scattering method the algebraic Bethe ansatz solution of the one-dimensional Hubbard model. The method developed is based on a new set of commutation relations which encodes a hidden symmetry of 6-vertex type.Comment: appendix additioned with Boltzmann weigths and R-matrix. Version to be published in J.Phys.A:math.Gen. (1997

Evidence for a Long-Standing Top-Heavy IMF in the Central Parsec of the Galaxy

We classify 329 late-type giants within 1 parsec of Sgr A*, using the adaptive optics integral field spectrometer SINFONI on the VLT. These observations represent the deepest spectroscopic data set so far obtained for the Galactic Center, reaching a 50% completeness threshold at the approximate magnitude of the helium-burning red clump (Ks ~ 15.5 mag.). Combining our spectroscopic results with NaCo H and Ks photometry, we construct an observed Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, which we quantitatively compare to theoretical distributions of various star formation histories of the inner Galaxy, using a chi-squared analysis. Our best-fit model corresponds to continuous star formation over the last 12 Gyr with a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF). The similarity of this IMF to the IMF observed for the most recent epoch of star formation is intriguing and perhaps suggests a connection between recent star formation and the stars formed throughout the history of the Galactic Center.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, Accepted to ApJ: 15 July 200

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A DOMESTIC SOLAR HEATER WITH IRON ORE AS THE ABSORBER

In Brazil's households, the use of electricity to heat water prevails, but its replacement by solar collectors can be justified due to the country's high level of solar radiation, average temperature and number of sunny days. A drawback preventing the broad spread of this technology its elevated inicial cost that, in spite of the short return on investment time, hinders its insertions on the population lower classes. Thereby, this study's goal is to search a cheaper alternative to one of the collector's most expensive component, by proposing the replacement of the aluminium sheets, used as absorber, by iron ore. This material was chosen due to its abundance in Minas Gerais, low cost and for being dark colored, ensuring high levels of absortance (0,4 < λ< 0,7 µm). A finely grained hematitic () ore was used to achieve an uniform compaction throughout its area, reducing this way, the thermal contact resistance between the absorber and the copper tubes. The collector was built and tested in similar conditions it would have faced during its lifespan, and the result shows that the maximum thermal efficiency was 58%

Anura, Hylidae, <i>Dendropsophus nahdereri</i> (Lutz and Bokermann, 1963): Distribution extension and new state record.

Dendropsophus nahdereri is included in the Dendropsophus marmoratus group. Its distribution is known fromthe Brazilian states of Paraná and Santa Catarina. Here we report new records of this species and briefly describe the habitatof calling males. We found new localities of occurrence of D. nahdereri in Brazilian states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grandedo Sul. We collected calling males in temporary lentic water bodies surrounded by arboreal vegetation, inside and on theborder of native forest, and inside Pinus plantations near native forest