HOME CARE OF THE NEWBORN AT RISK: MATERNAL PREPARATION FOR HEALTH PROMOTION

Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em Fortaleza-Ceará-Brasil utilizando uma entrevista semi-estruturada contendo dados de identificação mãe/filho e questões referentes à preparação materna para a alta hospitalar do Recém-nascido (RN) e realização de oficinas educativas para orientação materna quanto aos cuidados do RN em domicílio. O objetivo foi identificar as dúvidas maternas relativas aos cuidados do RN em domicílio e a necessidade da consulta de acompanhamento, aplicando estratégias para a preparação das mães para o cuidado domicilar. Os dados atingidos foram analisados conforme leitura pertinente, organizados e apresentados em quadros e falas extraídas das entrevistas, com o suporte de um software de análise qualitativa, denominado webQDA®, sendo apresentados em discussões textuais. Observou-se a urgência de uma maior capacitação da equipe de enfermagem na preparação materna para a alta hospitalar, no aperfeiçoamento da assistência e melhora na qualidade de vida do recém-nascido prematuro.The objective was to identify maternal doubts about the care of the newborn (NB) at home and the importance of follow-up consultation using strategies for the preparation of mothers in the promotion of home health. Descriptive, qualitative study in Fortaleza-Ceará-Brazil. A semi-structured interview was carried out containing maternal / child identification data and questions related to the maternal preparation for the hospital discharge of the newborn and the organization of educational workshops for maternal guidance regarding the care and follow-up of the newborn at home. The data were analyzed according to the pertinent reading, organized and presented in tables and speeches extracted from the interviews, with the support of a qualitative analysis software, called webQDA®, being presented in textual discussions. It was verified the need for greater training and sensitization of the nursing team in the maternal preparation for hospital discharge and in the optimization of care and improvement in the quality of life of the preterm newborn

Prevalência e fatores associados ao excesso de peso em adultos nas capitais e Distrito Federal, Brasil, 2019

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with overweight in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District, Brazil, 2019. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with data from the Surveillance of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey, 2019. Prevalence was calculated overweight and association with sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and health status, stratified according to sex. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 55.9% (95%CI 54.9;56.9), associated in men with age of 35-44 years (PR=1.87 – 95%CI 1.65;2.12), alcohol consumption (PR=1.09 – 95%CI 1.03;1.15), and hypertension (PR=1.24 – 95%CI 1.17;1.31); and in women, associated to age 45-54 years (PR=2.03 – 95%CI 1.77;2.32), habit of watching television for 3h/day (PR=1.09 – 95%CI 1.04;1.15), and poor/very poor health status (PR=1.31 – 95%CI 1.20;1.43). Conclusion: Overweight was observed in more than half of the sample, associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and alcohol consumption, in both sexes.Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados ao excesso de peso nas capitais e no Distrito Federal, Brasil, 2019. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com dados do inquérito Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico, 2019. Calculou-se a prevalência de excesso de peso e sua associação com características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e situação de saúde, estratificada segundo sexo. Resultados: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 55,9% (IC95% 54,9;56,9). Nos homens, ela se associou à idade de 35-44 anos (RP=1,87 – IC95% 1,65;2,12), consumo de álcool (RP=1,09 – IC95% 1,03;1,15) e hipertensão (RP=1,24 – IC95% 1,17;1,31), enquanto nas mulheres, associou-se à idade de 45-54 anos (RP=2,03 – IC95% 1,77;2,32), hábito de assistir televisão 3h/dia (RP=1,09 – IC95% 1,04;1,15) e estado de saúde ruim/muito ruim (RP=1,31 – IC95% 1,20;1,43). Conclusão: Observou-se excesso de peso em mais da metade da amostra, associado a hipertensão, diabetes mellitus e consumo de álcool, em ambos os sexos

Estratégias nutricionais na lesão por pressão

Introdução: As lesões por pressão (LPP) são um problema mundial e são descritas como dano localizado na pele e/ou tecido subjacente, geralmente sobre um osso proeminente, que pode ainda estar relacionado a equipamentos médicos ou outro tipo de dispositivo. Além de piorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes hospitalizados, a LPP aumenta o tempo de internação e o custo do tratamento. Objetivo: descrever as estratégias nutricionais em LPP de um paciente hospitalizado. Métodos: paciente de 36 anos, sexo masculino, paraplégico a 3 anos devido acidente em um rio, internou em um hospital de retaguarda para reabilitação e tratamento de duas lesões por pressão em região sacral grau IV, com infiltração, infectadas por bactérias pseudomonas. A ingesta hídrica foi calculada de acordo com a necessidade do paciente, sendo 35 ml por quilo de peso. Foram feitas orientações, já que o paciente não tinha boa adesão ao tratamento nutricional. O paciente encontrava-se desmotivado, frente as lesões que nunca se fecharam, além de se sentir incapaz, frente a sua funcionalidade diminuída. O trabalho foi feito em conjunto com a equipe de enfermagem do setor. Resultados: Na admissão paciente apresentou exames bioquímicos e exame físico sem alterações, com preservação de massa muscular, peso aferido de 96 kg, Índice de Massa Corporalde 26,8 kg/m² classificando sobrepeso. Foi ofertada uma dieta hiperproteica (1,4g kg/peso) na consistência livre e adicionado suplemento com 30g de proteína por dia, divididos em 3 horários. Após 50 dias de acompanhamento, o paciente demonstrou adesão ao tratamento, econsequentemente melhora na lesão, que teve uma redução da profundidade de 3 cm, diminuição de exsudato seroso e biofilme, e  presença de tecido de granulação, além da ausência de infecção bacteriana. Ainda, paciente perdeu 4 kg e circunferências corporais, que auxiliou na motilidade e melhora da qualidade de vida. Conclusão: A dietoterapia voltada ao tratamento da lesão por pressão é fundamental para melhoria global na qualidade de vida de pacientes hospitalizados.    Palavras-chave: Lesão por pressão. Reabilitação. Dietoterapia. &nbsp

Educação em saúde: uma troca de saberes no combate ao estigma da hanseníase / Health education: exchange of knowledge in combat the stigma of leprosy

A Hanseníase é uma doença causada pela bactéria Mycobacterium Leprae ou bacilo de Hansen, sendo ainda muito estigmatizada, causando preconceito e discriminação da pessoa enferma, levando-as ao isolamento e segregação social Objetivo:Descrever a atividade de educação em saúde realizada através de uma roda de conversa sobre o tema hanseníase, com os cuidadores da Unidade em  Cuidados Continuados Integrados-UCCI. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, em formato de relato de experiência, vivenciado durante a Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde, em um hospital de ensino da região Centro Oeste do Brasil. Resultados:A atividade de educação em saúde, executada pelo profissional assistente social possibilitou o aprimoramento dos conhecimentosdos cuidadores em relação hanseníase, seus sintomas e causas, formas de tratamento e prevenção, proporcionando a construção mútua do conhecimento, através do compartilhamento de experiência entre profissionais e os cuidadores, tendo uma contribuição significativa no combate ao preconceito, estigma, segregação social e exclusão social causado pela hanseníase. Conclusão: A educação em saúde é uma ferramenta para a construção do saber compartilhado e de grande valia para o combate ao estigma da hanseníase

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Proteomic mapping of multifunctional complexes within Triatomine saliva

Triatomines are hematophagous insects that transmit Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. This neglected tropical disease represents a global health issue as it is spreading worldwide. The saliva of Triatominae contains miscellaneous proteins crucial for blood feeding acquisition, counteracting host's hemostasis while performing vasodilatory, anti-platelet and anti-coagulant activities, besides modulating inflammation and immune responses. Since a set of biological processes are mediated by protein complexes, here, the sialocomplexomes (salivary protein complexes) of five species of Triatominae were studied to explore the protein-protein interaction networks. Salivary multiprotein complexes from Triatoma infestans, Triatoma dimidiata, Dipetalogaster maxima, Rhodnius prolixus, and Rhodnius neglectus were investigated by Blue-Native- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. More than 70 protein groups, uncovering the landscape of the Triatominae salivary interactome, were revealed. Triabin, actin, thioredoxin peroxidase and an uncharacterized protein were identified in sialocomplexes of the five species, while hexamerin, heat shock protein and histone were identified in sialocomplexes of four species. Salivary proteins related to triatomine immunity as well as those required during blood feeding process such as apyrases, antigen 5, procalins, and nitrophorins compose different complexes. Furthermore, unique proteins for each triatomine species were revealed. This study represents the first Triatominae sialocomplexome reference to date and shows that the approach used is a reliable tool for the analysis of Triatominae salivary proteins assembled into complexes

An integrative sialomic analysis reveals molecules from Triatoma sordida (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Triatomines have evolved salivary glands that produce versatile molecules with various biological functions, including those leading their interactions with vertebrate hosts’ hemostatic and immunological systems. Here, using high-throughput transcriptomics and proteomics, we report the first sialome study on the synanthropic triatomine Triatoma sordida. As a result, 57,645,372 reads were assembled into 26,670 coding sequences (CDS). From these, a total of 16,683 were successfully annotated. The sialotranscriptomic profile shows Lipocalin as the most abundant protein family within putative secreted transcripts. Trialysins and Kazal-type protease inhibitors have high transcript levels followed by ubiquitous protein families and enzyme classes. Interestingly, abundant trialysin and Kazal-type members are highlighted in this triatomine sialotranscriptome. Furthermore, we identified 132 proteins in T. sordida salivary gland soluble extract through LC-MS/MS spectrometry. Lipocalins, Hemiptera specific families, CRISP/Antigen-5 and Kazal-type protein inhibitors proteins were identified. Our study provides a comprehensive description of the transcript and protein compositions of the salivary glands of T. sordida. It significantly enhances the information in the Triatominae sialome databanks reported so far, improving the understanding of the vector’s biology, the hematophagous behaviour, and the Triatominae subfamily’s evolution

Angiotensin-(1-7) and Alamandine Promote Anti-inflammatory Response in Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) peptides play an important role in inflammation. Resolution of inflammation contributes to restore tissue homeostasis, and it is characterized by neutrophil apoptosis and their subsequent removal by macrophages, which are remarkable plastic cells involved in the pathophysiology of diverse inflammatory diseases. However, the effects of RAS peptides on different macrophage phenotypes are still emerging. Here, we evaluated the effects of angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) and the most novel RAS peptide, alamandine, on resting (M0), proinflammatory M(LPS+IFN-γ), and anti-inflammatory M(IL-4) macrophage phenotypes in vitro, as well as on specific immune cell populations and macrophage subsets into the pleural cavity of LPS-induced pleurisy in mice. Our results showed that Ang-(1-7) and alamandine, through Mas and MrgD receptors, respectively, do not affect M0 macrophages but reduce the proinflammatory TNF-α, CCL2, and IL-1β transcript expression levels in LPS+IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages. Therapeutic administration of these peptides in LPS-induced inflammation in mice decreased the number of neutrophils and M1 (F4/80lowGr1+CD11bmed) macrophage frequency without affecting the other investigated macrophage subsets. Our data suggested that both Ang-(1-7) and alamandine, through their respective receptors Mas and MrgD, promote an anti-inflammatory reprogramming of M(LPS+IFN-γ)/M1 macrophages under inflammatory circumstances and potentiate the reprogramming induced by IL-4. In conclusion, our work sheds light on the emerging proresolving properties of Ang-(1-7) and alamandine, opening new avenues for the treatment of inflammatory diseases