Suboptimal Weight Loss and Weight Regain after Gastric Bypass Surgery—Postoperative Status of Energy Intake, Eating Behavior, Physical Activity, and Psychometrics

BACKGROUND: Suboptimal weight loss (SWL) and weight regain (WR) after gastric bypass surgery (GB) remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare GB patients experiencing SWL or significant WR (SigWR) with successful controls, regarding postoperative food intake, eating behavior, physical activity (PA), and psychometrics. METHODS: Forty-nine patients with >1 year post-surgery were classified as either experiencing SWL (excess body weight loss, EWL, <50%, n = 22) or SigWR (total weight regain ≥15%, n = 38), with respective control groups. Energy intake (EI) was measured with a Food Frequency Questionnaire, eating behavior using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, and PA using both SenseWear Armbands and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Eating disorders, depression, and quality of life (QoL) were measured using the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory II, and Impact of Weight on Quality of Life, respectively. RESULTS: EI, macronutrient distribution, and meal frequency were similar among groups. However, disinhibited eating behavior score was higher, while most subcategories from IWQOL were significantly lower in both SWL and SigWR groups compared with their respective controls. PA was significantly lower in the SWL and SigWR groups compared with the respective controls. There were no differences between groups regarding depression. CONCLUSIONS: Lower PA levels, disordered eating behavior and lower QoL are associated with unsuccessful weigh loss outcome after GB surgery. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the potential causal relationship between the previously described variables and SWL/SigWR after GB

Alinhavos para pensar o presente: arte de Rosana Paulino e Beth Moysés

Neste texto busco articular mulheres, arte e política como dimensões para pensar o presente. A produção artística é utilizada como dispositivo para problematizar o que nos acontece e enxergar o que deveria ser intolerável, bem como procurar os germens de vida que possam descolonizar o pensamento e o desejo. Rosana Paulino e Beth Moysés são artistas com reconhecimento internacional e apontam questões sobre o que é ser/estar mulher e não branco ao desnaturalizarem as violências e violações cotidianas e históricas do projeto colonial e patriarcal. Quais são as dores e os silêncios nas obras comentadas? Quanto de violência há em ser/estar mulher ou corpos generificados, feminizados e racializados? É sobre as políticas de vida e morte vigentes que as artistas contribuem para colocar em análise. Ambas usam a arte como estratégia de luta e resistência na construção de estéticas feministas com potência para produzir transformações na sensibilidade coletiva

Pela gestação de outras saúdes e incontáveis modos de ser/estar o mundo

Este texto é um exercício de pensamento que toma aspectos da saúde materna e da saúde indígena/indigenista de Dourados e região como dispositivos para questionar o presente e o que nos acontece. O cenário é paradoxal e marcado por inúmeras disputas. A força da monocultura produz o empobrecimento da vida e assujeitamentos de várias ordens. Num enfraquecimento de diversas formas de existência, as experiências estão cada vez mais restritas aos guetos identitários e as políticas de saúde servem, comumente, como estratégia para reafirmar as perspectivas naturalizantes. Dentre os desafios, destaco: como ampliar o compromisso coletivo como a vida quando o presente é o Brasil pós-golpe

Contribuições epistêmicas e metodológicas dos estudos de gênero para o ensino de língua portuguesa na graduação

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Linguística, Português e Línguas Clássicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, 2013.Esta pesquisa analisa as contribuições epistêmicas e metodológicas dos estudos de gênero para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua portuguesa na graduação. O trabalho fundamenta-se na perspectiva sociocomunicativa de ensino de língua, a partir da análise de sequências didáticas elaboradas no Projeto de Ensino de Língua Portuguesa na Graduação –PELPG – desenvolvido em uma instituição privada de ensino superior do Distrito Federal, no período de 2010 a 2013. Orientada a partir de um panorama histórico da concepção de gênero na linguística – sob os postulados de Bakhtin (1992); do conceito de gênero como ação social, na formação acadêmica e profissional dos alunos de ensino superior, em Bazerman (2005, 2006), Marcuschi (2000, 2002, 2008 e 2009), Bronckart (1998, 1999, 2004 e 2006); Bhatia (1993), Swales (1990) e Meurer (2000), entre outros –, apresenta a seleção de aspectos teóricos dos estudos de Letramento e Ensino no Brasil propostos por Marcuschi (2004), Rojo (2000), Machado (2004), Soares (2003), Brandão (2002), Geraldi (1999), Garcez (1998), Travaglia (2006), assim como aspectos epistemológicos dos Novos Estudos de Letramento propostos por Barton & Hamilton (1998), Gee (2005), Street (2003), entre outros. Por fim, estabelece a relação entre os estudos de gênero e as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem em sequências didáticas, propostas por Dolz e Schneuwly (2004). A pesquisa-ação foi selecionada como referencial metodológico por favorecer o diagnóstico da situação, o planejamento de ação e intervenção, a avaliação dos resultados e o confronto das perspectivas de análise junto à comunidade de colaboradores e, por fim, a análise dos resultados e a proposição de soluções para os problemas identificados, coletivamente, pelo pesquisador e seus colaboradores. Realiza-se junto ao grupo de professores colaboradores do PELPG, e o banco de dados é composto por um corpus de documentos institucionais (Projeto de Ensino; Atas de Reunião de Formação Continuada do corpo docente de LP: Plano de Ensino e Sequências Didáticas do PELPG; Relato dos colaboradores e notas de campo da observação de cunho etnográfico). O desenvolvimento da pesquisa-ação revelou o potencial epistêmico e metodológico da sistematização dos trabalhos com gêneros textuais organizados em sequências didáticas, para o ensino de língua portuguesa na graduação, que concorrem para a formação acadêmico-profissional do graduando e a formação continuada do professor de língua. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis research analyzes the epistemic and methodological contributions of genre studies for Portuguese teaching-learning at graduation. The work is based on the sociocommunicative perspective of language teaching, from the analysis of didactic sequences developed in Project Teaching Portuguese Language at Graduation – PELPG – developed in a private institution of higher education in Brasília, in the period of 2010 to 2013. Oriented by a historical overview of the concept of genre in language – under the postulates of Bakhtin (1992); of the concept of genre as a social action, in students’ academic and professionals training in higher education ((BAZERMAN (2005, 2006), MARCUSCHI (2000, 2002, 2008 e 2009), BRONCKART (1998, 1999, 2004 e 2006); BHATIA (1993), SWALES (1990) e MEURER (2000), among others), it presents a selection of theoretical aspects of Literacy and Education researches in Brazil proposed by Marcuschi (2004), Rojo (2000), Machado (2002, 2004), Soares (2003), Brandão (2002), Geraldi (1999), Garcez (1998), Travaglia (2006), and epistemological aspects of the New Literacy Studies proposed by Barton & Hamilton (1998), Gee (2005), Street (2003), among others. Finally, it establishes the relationship between genre studies and strategies for teaching and learning in didactic sequences, proposed by Dolz and Schneuwly (2004). Action research was selected as the methodological framework for supporting the diagnosis of the situation, the action planning and intervention, results evaluation and comparison of analytical perspectives in the community of collaborators, and, finally, the results analysis and the proposal solutions to the collectively identified problems by the researcher and her collaborators. The research is done with the collaborator teaching group of PELPG, and its database consists of a corpus of institutional documents (teaching project; minutes of Portuguese faculty’s continuing education; education plan and PELPG’s teaching sequences; collaborator’s reporting; and field notes of ethnographic observation. The development of action research revealed the epistemological and methodological potential of work systematization with genres organized in didactic sequences for Portuguese teaching in graduation, contributing to undergraduate students’ academic and professional training and continuing education of language teacher

The Impact of Feet Callosities, Arm Posture, and Usage of Electrolyte Wipes on Body Composition by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Morbidly Obese Adults

Objective: This study evaluated the impact of feet callosities, arm posture, and use of electrolyte wipes on body composition measurements by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in morbidly obese adults. Methods: 36 morbidly obese patients (13 males, aged 28-70 years, BMI 41.6 ± 4.3 kg/m2) with moderate/severe feet callosities participated in this study. Body composition (percent body fat (%BF)) was measured while fasting using multi-frequency BIA (InBody 720®), before and after removal of callosities, with and without InBody® electrolyte wipes and custom-built auxiliary pads (to assess arm posture impact). Results from BIA were compared to air displacement plethysmography (ADP, BodPod®). Results: Median %BF was significantly higher with auxiliary pads than without (50.1 (interquartile range 8.2) vs. 49.3 (interquartile range 9.1); p < 0.001), while no differences were found with callosity removal (49.3 (interquartile range 9.1) vs. 50.0 (interquartile range 7.9); NS) or use of wipes (49.6 (interquartile range 8.5) vs. 49.3 (interquartile range 9.1); NS). No differences in %BF were found between BIA and ADP (49.1 (IQR: 8.9) vs. 49.3 (IQR: 9.1); NS). Conclusion: Arm posture has a significant impact on %BF assessed by BIA, contrary to the presence of feet callosities and use of electrolyte wipes. Arm posture standardization during BIA for body composition assessment is, therefore, recommended.This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only

An overview on software testing and auditing

More and more people are dependent on technology. They increasingly use electronic services for day-to-day routines, and user loyalty to the software is essential, being defined by the excellence of the SW. The fewer flaws it has, the greater the likelihood of being able to retain the user’s loyalty. For this situation to be possible, tests are crucial in the development stage since they have the main purpose of identifying errors. To be possible to have a good quality of software, it is important to realize the importance of carrying out tests, as well as to understand what types of tests exist and realize which ones fit in each situation. In addition, the article addresses the life cycle and levels as sociated with software testing. In terms of test automation, there are some tools for developing this type of test, referencing the Katalon stu- diom robot framework, Protractoe and Watir; each is framed in different practical situations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Advancing of risk assessment of pesticides on insect pollinators: beyond honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

The western honey bee, Apis mellifera L., is currently the model specie for pesticide risk assessment on pollinators with the assumption that the worst-case scenarios for this species are sufficiently conservative to protect other insect pollinators. However, recent studies have showed that wild species may be more sensitive to plant protection products, due to differences in biology and life cycles. Therefore, there is the need to extend the risk assessment within a more ecological approach, in order to ensure that there are no irreversible effects on non-target organisms and in the environment. My dissertation aims to expand the risk assessment to other insect pollinators (including wild and managed pollinators), in order to cover some of the gaps of the current schemes. In this thesis, it is presented three experiments that cover the early stages of a solitary bee (chapter 1), the development of molecular tools for early detection of sub-lethal effects (chapter 2) and the development of protocols to access lethal and sub-lethal effects on other pollinator taxa (Diptera; chapter 3)

Autoetnografia e a potência do habitar e (des)aprender com territórios indígenas: : contribuições para de(s)colonizar a Psicologia

In this study, through critical performative autoethnography, we share part of our experience of inhabiting and (un)learning with native peoples. We situate our trajectory of colonized formation, individual and collective, and the processes of de(s)colonization of the senses from the encounter and (re)knowledge of the Kaiowá and Guarani peoples. Our methodological path was composed by the condition of inhabiting and coexisting in public and institutional spaces with the Kaiowá and Guarani, the participation in self-organized activities by the ethnic-social movements of these peoples, the registration in a field diary, analysis of documents and the production of photographic records. In this text, we aim to problematize the colonialist ideologizations that constitute our colonized imaginaries and socialize the potential of de(s)colonization in de(s)learning with peoples from the condition of inhabiting the countryside and allowing it to inhabit us. We emphasize the engagement of research and writing policies committed to peoples as a horizon for the production of epistemologically disobedient knowledge in the rupture with dehumanizing understandings and practices. We propose, from our experience of living, studying and working with the Kaiowá and Guarani, a psychosocial sensitivity and listening de(s)colonized as possible contributions for de(s)colonisation of psychological knowledge. Keywords: Indigenous Peoples. Social Psychology. Autoethnography. Coloniality. Decolonization.Neste estudo, através da autoetnografia performativa crítica, compartilhamos parte de nossa experiência de habitar e (des)aprender com os povos originários. Situamos nossa trajetória de formação colonizada, individual e coletiva, e os processos de de(s)colonização dos sentidos a partir do encontro e (re)conhecimento dos povos Kaiowá e Guarani. Nosso caminho metodológico esteve composto pela condição de habitar e coexistir em espaços públicos e institucionais com os/as Kaiowá e Guarani, a participação em atividades auto-organizadas pelos movimentos étnico-sociais destes povos, o registro em diário de campo, análise de documentos e a produção de registros fotográficos. Neste texto, temos como objetivo problematizar as ideologizações colonialistas constituintes de nossos imaginários colonizados e socializar as potencialidades de(s)coloniais em de(s)aprender com os povos a partir da condição de habitar o campo e permitir que ele nos habite. Ressaltamos o engajamento das políticas de pesquisa e escrita comprometidas com os povos como horizonte para a produção de conhecimentos epistemologicamente desobedientes na ruptura com as compreensões e práticas desumanizantes. Propomos, desde nossa experiência de viver, estudar e trabalhar com os/as Kaiowá e Guarani, a sensibilidade psicossocial e escuta de(s)colonizada como possíveis contribuições para de(s)colonizar os conhecimentos psicológicos. Palavras-chave: Povos Indígenas. Psicologia Social. Autoetnografia. Colonialidade. De(s)colonização

Short-term appetite control response to a 6-week exercise programme in sedentary volunteers

Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that sedentary males, unlike their active counterparts, are unable to compensate for previous energy intake (EI). The present study therefore investigated the effects of a 6-week moderate exercise programme (4 times per week, 65 -75 % maximal heart rate) on appetite regulation in healthy sedentary volunteers using a longitudinal design. EI at a buffet meal 60 min after high-energy (HEP; 607 kcal) and low-energy (LEP; 246 kcal) preloads, together with 24 h cumulative EI, were measured in twenty-five healthy volunteers (eleven men; mean age 30 (SD 12) years, mean BMI 22·7 (SD 2·3) kg/m 2 ), at baseline and after the exercise intervention. Subjective hunger and fullness were assessed throughout using visual analogue scales. ANOVA showed a significant preload £ exercise interaction on 24 h cumulative EI, supporting an improvement in appetite control over this time period with the exercise programme. There was a trend towards improvement in energy compensation over the same period (8·9 (SD 118·5) % v. 79·5 (SD 146.·4) %; P¼ 0·056). No preload £ exercise interaction was observed for buffet EI. Secondary analysis, however, showed that although buffet EI after the two preloads was not significantly different at baseline, buffet EI after the HEP was significantly lower than after the LEP following the exercise intervention. The improvement in short-term appetite control with exercise was not explained by changes in subjective hunger or satiety. This longitudinal study supports the original cross-sectional findings and suggests that exercise may have a significant impact on short-term appetite control by leading to a more sensitive eating behaviour in response to previous EI. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms involved. Exercise: Appetite: Food intake Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in many countries worldwide 1 . The steady increase in its prevalence has been accompanied, on one hand, by an increase in the consumption of energy-dense food and, on the other, by a reduction in physical activity levels Short-term feeding studies using the manipulation of preload energy content to alter energy balance have been used in the area of appetite research to study homeostatic feedback control of hunger/satiety 6 , a process that, if not tightly regulated, can lead to energy imbalance. These studies have demonstrated differences in hunger and subsequent food intake following a high-energy preload (HEP) and lowenergy preload (LEP) 7 -9 . Appetite responses are thus to some extent dependent on previous EI and sensitive to energy deficits induced through differences in dietary intake. In contrast, energy deficits created by exercise induce different effects from those induced by die

Are the Human Rights Conventions Really Objectionable

Background Diet-induced weight loss (WL) is usually accompanied by increased appetite, a response that seems to be absent when ketogenic diets are used. It remains unknown if sex modulates the appetite suppressant effect of ketosis. Objective The aim of this study was to examine if sex modulates the impact of WL-induced changes in appetite and if ketosis alters these responses. Methods Ninety-five individuals (55 females) with obesity (BMI [kg/m 2]: 37 ± 4) underwent 8 wk of a very-low-energy diet, followed by 4 wk of refeeding and weight stabilization. Body composition, plasma concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) and appetite-related hormones (active ghrelin, active glucagon-like peptide 1 [GLP-1], total peptide YY [PYY], cholecystokinin and insulin), and subjective feelings of appetite were measured at baseline, week 9 in ketosis, and week 13 out of ketosis. Results The mean WL at week 9 was 17% for males and 15% for females, which was maintained at week 13. Weight, fat, and fat-free mass loss were greater in males (P < 0.001 for all) and the increase in β-HB at week 9 higher in females (1.174 ± 0.096 compared with 0.783 ± 0.112 mmol/L, P = 0.029). Basal and postprandial GLP-1 and postprandial PYY (all P < 0.05) were significantly different for males and females. There were no significant sex × time interactions for any other appetite-related hormones or subjective feelings of appetite. At week 9, basal GLP-1 was decreased only in males (P < 0.001), whereas postprandial GLP-1 was increased only in females (P < 0.001). No significant changes in postprandial PYY were observed over time for either sex. Conclusions Ketosis appears to have a greater beneficial impact on GLP-1 in females. However, sex does not seem to modulate the changes in the secretion of other appetite-related hormones, or subjective feelings of appetite, seen with WL, regardless of the ketotic state. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01834859