Not a polar island: yellow fever, Spanish medical research, and the struggle for scientific and political hegemony in late nineteenth century Cuba

This paper explores questions related to yellow fever and the political destiny of Cuba in the late nineteenth century. A forgotten therapeutic device to treat the disease invented in that period, the “polar chamber” (cámara polar), provides a useful standpoint for reconstructing the tradition of Spanish yellow fever research in Cuba, a topic largely neglected by the medical historiography. The failed history of this device can also illuminate the complex struggle for scientific hegemony between Spanish, Cuban, and US institutions and researchers. Finally, we focus on the politics of the polar chamber by analyzing how this invention intended to provide a particular solution for the complex, threefold struggle for Cuba’s political future.CIDEHUS, UID/HIS/00057/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007702) FCT project IF//00835/2014CP1232/CT0002

Chapter 3 Mending “Moors” in Mogador

This chapter deals with a rather unknown quarantine institution: the lazaretto of Mogador Island in Morocco. Specifically, the work explores the site’s centrality to the Spanish imperialist project of “regeneration” over of its southern neighbour. In contrast with the “civilisation” schemes deployed by the leading European imperial powers at the end of the nineteenth century, regeneration did not seek to construct a colonial Morocco but a so-called African Spain in more balanced terms with peninsular Spain. This project was to be achieved through the support and direction of ongoing Moroccan initiatives of modernisation, as well as through the training of an elite of “Moors” who were to collaborate with Spanish experts sent to the country, largely based in Tangier. Within this general context, the Mogador Island lazaretto became a key site of regeneration projects. From a sanitary and political point of view, it was meant to define a Spanish-Moroccan space by marking its new borders and also to protect “Moorish” pilgrims against both the ideological and health-related risks associated with the Mecca pilgrimage

Mending “Moors” in Mogador : Hajj, cholera and Spanish-Moroccan regeneration, 1890–99

This chapter deals with a rather unknown quarantine institution: the lazaretto of Mogador Island in Morocco. Specifically, the work explores the site’s centrality to the Spanish imperialist project of “regeneration” over of its southern neighbour. In contrast with the “civilisation” schemes deployed by the leading European imperial powers at the end of the nineteenth century, regeneration did not seek to construct a colonial Morocco but a so-called African Spain in more balanced terms with peninsular Spain. This project was to be achieved through the support and direction of ongoing Moroccan initiatives of modernisation, as well as through the training of an elite of “Moors” who were to collaborate with Spanish experts sent to the country, largely based in Tangier. Within this general context, the Mogador Island lazaretto became a key site of regeneration projects. From a sanitary and political point of view, it was meant to define a Spanish-Moroccan space by marking its new borders and also to protect “Moorish” pilgrims against both the ideological and health-related risks associated with the Mecca pilgrimage.European Commission’s OpenAIRE projec

An approach to a maintenance plan for a turbine of hydroelectric power plant. Optimisation based in RCM and FMECA analysis

[EN] The generation of electric energy is a continuous process of great strategic importance in the development of countries. The evolution in the last decades of different environmental control protocols at a global level has influenced the rise of renewable energies with low impact on the environment. These reasons make it important that this process has an effective maintenance management system that guarantees adequate reliability, availability and useful life of its assets. This article describes the implementation of the optimization of the traditional preventive maintenance that is carried out in regular temporary intervals with unavailability of the hydroelectric group, to be able to take advantage of the data base of operation of the group (failure modes, criticality, application of maintenance strategies to condition and maintenance 4.0, etc…).The author is grateful for the transmission of the best practices to the staff of the UPH Ebro Pirineos of the company Enel Green Power Hydro Iberia. Especially to Maria Soledad Ordoñez (Director UPH) and Luis Leon (Head UT Lleida) for the implementation of improvement working groups within the territorial unit.Martinez-Monseco, FJ. (2021). An approach to a maintenance plan for a turbine of hydroelectric power plant. Optimisation based in RCM and FMECA analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Technology & Engineering. 2(1):39-50. https://doi.org/10.4995/jarte.2021.14761OJS395021Bloom, N. (2006). Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM): Implementation made Simple. McGraw-Hill New York.Calixto, E. (2016). Gas and Oil Reliability Engineering: Modelling and Analysis. Gulf Professional Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-805427-7.00007-5Egusquiza, E., Nascimento, P., Valero, C., Jou, E. (1994). Diagnóstico de daños en grupos hidroeléctricos mediante análisis de vibraciones. Revista Ingeniería del agua, 1(3), 69. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.1994.2645Garcia Illescas, R., Perez Rodriguez, N. (2007). Análisis de malfuncionamiento y de falla de una turbina hidráulica de 15 MW. X Congreso y exposición latinoamericana de maquinaria. 6-9 noviembre. Veracruz, México. 2007.Gulliver, J.S., Arndt, R.E. (1991). Hydropower engineering handbook. McGraw-Hill, Inc.Martínez Monseco, F.J. (2013). "Diseño de un plan de mantenimiento para un equipo de alta fiabilidad," Técnica Industrial, 301, 40-53.Martínez Monseco, F.J. (2016). Datos de la investigación y el estudio de sistemas central hidroeléctrica en desarrollo tesis doctoral en curso "Análisis y planificación del mantenimiento y explotación de una central hidroeléctrica basado en técnicas cualitativas de confiabilidad. RCM y AMFEC." Escuela de Doctorado-ETSII UNED Ingenieros Industriales,Martínez Monseco, F.J. (2020). Analysis of maintenance optimization in a hydroelectric power plant. Journal of Applied Research in Technology & Engineering, 1(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.4995/jarte.2020.13738Moubray, J. (1997). Reliability-Centered Maintenance. Industrial Press Inc.Sifonte, J.R., Reyes-Picknell, J.V. (2017). Reliability Centered Maintenance-Reengineered: Practical Optimization of the RCM Process with RCM-R®. Productivity Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315207179Vargas Castillo, E., Caicedo Delgado, N.G., Ortega Henio, J.D.(2019). Método de análisis de fallos aplicado a centrales hidroelectricas. I+D Revista de investigación, 13(1), 57-72. https://doi.org/10.33304/revinv.v13n1-201900

An approach to a practical optimization of reliability centered maintenance. Case study: power transformer in hydro power plant

[EN] Any industrial organization has to analyse the maintenance strategy that it is applying to ensure the maximum efficiency of the system. This includes to define the maintenance policy, a well-analysed maintenance plan, and correct maintenance management and operational procedures. The maintenance department in most industrial organizations has to be continuously justifying the costs associated with their activities to avoid the continuous cuts requested by management based on the economic business plan for asset management. This paper presents the bases of the reliability centered maintenance and describes a practical case referring to a critical electrical equipment of an electrical system, such as the power transformer of a hydroelectric power plant. The power transformer in a hydroelectric power plant constitutes a fundamental electrical equipment because a failure in its operation can generate a long lasting unavailability of the system in the electrical generation with the consequent losses associated to the business. Martinez-Monseco, FJ. (2020). An approach to a practical optimization of reliability centered maintenance. Case study: power transformer in hydro power plant. Journal of Applied Research in Technology & Engineering. 1(1):37-47. https://doi.org/10.4995/jarte.2020.13740OJS37471

Analysis of maintenance optimization in a hydroelectric power plant

[EN] This article presents a guide to designing a maintenance plan for any industrial system. As an example, it develops a maintenance plan for highly reliable equipment, such as a hydroelectric power plant, where instant availability and reliability are crucial in its operation. The development of the proposal serves as a basis for the transversal development of any industrial system that has the same operational objectives (manufacturing lines), transport (trains, aircraft) and also involves safety and environmental aspects in its proper functioning. Today’s society requires that there are more and more industrial processes in which the maximum availability of the systems must be guaranteed, and at the same time there must be a minimum number of incidents that prevent the unavailability of the process. The methodology used has consisted firstly of dividing the complex industrial system into systems to be analysed on the basis of the functions they have to perform, then on the basis of the fault history a list of potential faults to be analysed has been determined, taking into account the risk of the system itself. From here, the systems of the hydroelectric plant have been classified to determine the priorities of actions. The different maintenance techniques to be applied have been carefully considered, focusing on the need to analyse condition-based maintenance techniques, such as predictive techniques, which allow us to define the point of potential failure based on parameters, and thus be able to plan maintenance actions in a justified manner. In the specific case of a hydroelectric generation plant, the fundamental objective is based on the commitment tooperate in the electricity market (high reliability and immediate availability), and the performance of maintenance actions imply in most cases the shutdown of the plant and therefore the loss of income from electricity production. Finally, a design of a justified maintenance plan for a hydroelectric power plant has been proposed based on the methodology explained.Martinez Monseco, FJ. (2020). Analysis of maintenance optimization in a hydroelectric power plant. Journal of Applied Research in Technology & Engineering. 1(1):23-29. https://doi.org/10.4995/jarte.2020.13738OJS23291

Simulation of the deformation of polycrystalline nanostructured Ti by computational homogenization

Computational homogenization by means of the finite element analysis of a representative volume element of the microstructure is used to simulate the deformation of nanostructured Ti. The behavior of each grain is taken into account using a single crystal elasto-viscoplastic model which includes the microscopic mechanisms of plastic deformation by slip along basal, prismatic and pyramidal systems. Two different representations of the polycrystal were used. Each grain was modeled with one cubic finite element in the first one while many cubic elements were used to represent each grain in the second one, leading to a model which includes the effect of grain shape and size in a limited number of grains due to the computational cost. Both representations were used to simulate the tensile deformation of nanostructured Ti processed by ECAP-C as well as the drawing process of nanostructured Ti billets. It was found that the first representation based in one finite element per grain led to a stiffer response in tension and was not able to predict the texture evolution during drawing because the strain gradient within each grain could not be captured. On the contrary, the second representation of the polycrystal microstructure with many finite elements per grain was able to predict accurately the deformation of nanostructured Ti

Discrete dislocation dynamics analysis of the effect of lattice orientation on void growth in single crystals

The micromechanisms of plastic deformation and void growth were analyzed using discrete dislocation dynamics in an isolated FCC single crystal deformed in-plane strain in the plane. Three different stress states (uniaxial tension, uniaxial deformation and biaxial deformation) were considered for crystals oriented in different directions and with a different number of active slip systems. It was found that strain hardening and void growth rates depended on lattice orientation in uniaxial tension because of anisotropic stress state. Crystal orientation did not influence, however, hardening and void growth when the crystals were loaded under uniaxial or biaxial deformation because the stress state was more homogeneous, although both (hardening and void growth rates) were much higher than under uniaxial tension. In addition, the number of active slip systems did not substantially modify the mechanical behavior and the void growth rate if plastic deformation along the available slip systems was compatible with overall crystal deformation prescribed by the boundary conditions. Otherwise, the incompatibility between plastic deformation and boundary conditions led to the development of large hydrostatic elastic stresses, which increased the strain hardening rate and reduced the void growth rate

Concrete Swelling in Existing Dams

Several chemical reactions are able to produce swelling of concrete for decades after its initial curing, a problem that affects a considerable number of concrete dams around the world. Principia has had several contracts to study this problem in recent years, which have required reviewing the state-of-the-art, adopting appropriate mathematical descriptions, programming them into user routines in Abaqus, determining model parameters on the basis of some parts of the dams’ monitored histories, ensuring reliability using some other parts, and finally predicting the future evolution of the dams and their safety margins. The paper describes some of the above experience, including the programming of sophisticated non-isotropic swelling models, that must be compatible with cracking and other nonlinearities involved in concrete behaviour. The applications concentrate on two specific cases, an archgravity dam and a double-curvature arch dam, both with a long history of concrete swelling and which, interestingly, entailed different degrees of success in the modelling effort

On the Calculation of the Incomplete MGF with Applications to Wireless Communications

(c) 20xx IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. DOI: 10.1109/TCOMM.2016.2626440The incomplete moment generating function (IMGF) has paramount relevance in communication theory, since it appears in a plethora of scenarios when analyzing the performance of communication systems. We here present a general method for calculating the IMGF of any arbitrary fading distribution. Then, we provide exact closed-form expressions for the IMGF of the very general κ-μ shadowed fading model, which includes the popular κ-μ, η-μ, Rician shadowed, and other classical models as particular cases. We illustrate the practical applicability of this result by analyzing several scenarios of interest in wireless communications: 1) physical layer security in the presence of an eavesdropper; 2) outage probability analysis with interference and background noise; 3) channel capacity with side information at the transmitter and the receiver; and 4) average bit-error rate with adaptive modulation, when the fading on the desired link can be modeled by any of the aforementioned distributions.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Execelencia Internacional. Andalucía Tech