Plurality Rule, Proportional Representation, and the German Bundestag: How Incentives to Pork-Barrel Differ Across Electoral Systems

This paper examines the importance of electoral rules for legislators’ behavior. The German electoral system includes a mechanism which assigns whether legislators are elected under the “first-past-the-post” (FPTP), or the proportional representation (PR) electoral rule. Using this institution, we identify the effect of electoral rules on legislators’ behavior and disentangle whether so-called pork barrel politics are due to political climate in a country or due to the electoral rule employed. We find significant differences in committee membership, depending whether the legislator is elected though FPTP or PR. legislators elected through FPTP system are members of committees that allows them to service their geographically based constituency. Legislators elected through PR are members of committees that service the party constituencies, which are not necessarily geographically based.

Bounds on Transverse Spin Asymmetries for Lambda Baryon Production in pp Collisions at BNL RHIC

We study inclusive Lambda hyperon production in pp collisions at BNL RHIC, with just one transversely polarized proton. We show that the measurement of the spin transfer between the initial proton and the produced Lambda is sensitive to the proton transversity distributions and to the corresponding Lambda transversity fragmentation functions. In view of our present ignorance of these distributions and fragmentation functions, we resort to positivity bounds for making some predictions for the corresponding spin transfer asymmetry.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures, uses epsfig and amssymb style

Konzeption und Evaluation des Kompetenzzentrums Medien

Der Artikel beschreibt das Evaluationskonzept des Kompetenzzentrums Medien. Dieses wurde 2018 gegründet und ist Teil des Instituts für Bildungsconsulting der Pädagogischen Hochschule Weingarten, welches vom BMBF innerhalb der Exzellenzinitiative „Innovative Hochschule“ gefördert wird. Basierend auf dem Konzept des Community Based Research (Jason & Glenwick 2016) unterstützt das Kompetenzzentrum Medien non-profit Organisationen bei der Umsetzung medienpädagogischer Projekte

Den Gottesdienst von zu Hause mitfeiern

Der Kirchengemeinderat entschied sich dazu, die Gottesdienste als Aufzeichnung über die Homepage der Kirchengemeinde zugänglich zu machen. Dieses Vorhaben wurde gemeinsam mit dem Kompetenzzentrum Medien (Stratmann & Rehm, 2020) des Instituts für Bildungsconsulting der Pädagogischen Hochschule Weingarten realisiert. Auf diese Weise konnten die Gemeindemitglieder in dieser herausfordernden Zeit, ihre Kirche (online) besuchen. Die Einführung des Online-Gottesdienstes wurde von einer Evaluationsstudie (Stockmann 2006) begleitet. Im Beitrag werden die theoretischen Überlegungen, die Anlage und Ergebnisse der Studie sowie Konsequenzen für die zukünftige digitale Gemeindearbeit präsentiert. [Aus der Einleitung

A_{LT} in the Nucleon-Nucleon Polarized Drell-Yan Process

We present a leading order (LO) estimate for the longitidinal-transverse spin asymmetry (A_{LT}) in the nucleon-nucleon polarized Drell-Yan process at RHIC and HERA-$\vec{N}$ energies in comparison with A_{LL} and A_{TT}. A_{LT} receives contribution from g_1, the transversity ditribution h_1, and the twist-3 distributions g_T and h_L. For the twist-3 contribution we use the bag model prediction evolved to a high energy scale by the large-N_c evolution equation. We found that A_{LT} (normalized by the asymmetry in the parton level) is much smaller than the corresponding A_{TT}. Twist-3 contribution given by the bag model also turned out to be negligible.Comment: Talk presented at the KEK-Tanashi International Conference "Physics of Hadrons and Nuclei", Dec. 14-17, 1998, Tokyo. 4 pages in Latex. 1 figure included as eps files using epsbox.st

Characterization of Corrosion Interfaces by the Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Technique

A variety of interfaces relevant to corrosion processes were examined by the scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) technique in order to study the influences of various parameters on the measured potential. SKPFM measurements performed on AA2024-T3 after solution exposure showed that surface composition is not the only parameter that controls the Volta potential difference, which is measured by SKPFM. The influence of surface oxide structure and adsorption at the oxide surface can be probed by SKPFM and lateral potential gradients can be observed in the absence of significant differences in oxide composition. The influence of tip-sample separation distance on the measured Volta potential difference was studied for different pure oxide-covered metals. SKPFM measurements were made in air on pure Ni and Pt samples withdrawn from solution at open circuit or under potential control. The Volta potential difference was found to be composed of a transient component that slowly discharged and a more permanent component associated with the charge of adsorbed species. The Volta potential difference transients measured on the samples emersed under potential control decayed much slower than the open-circuit potential transient measured in solution upon release of the potential control. These different measurements validate the use of SKPFM for the prediction of local corrosion sites and the study of surface modification during solution exposure

Duality between Coronavirus Transmission and Air-based Macroscopic Molecular Communication

This contribution exploits the duality between a viral infection process and macroscopic air-based molecular communication. Airborne aerosol and droplet transmission through human respiratory processes is modeled as an instance of a multiuser molecular communication scenario employing respiratory-event-driven molecular variable-concentration shift keying. Modeling is aided by experiments that are motivated by a macroscopic air-based molecular communication testbed. In artificially induced coughs, a saturated aqueous solution containing a fluorescent dye mixed with saliva is released by an adult test person. The emitted particles are made visible by means of optical detection exploiting the fluorescent dye. The number of particles recorded is significantly higher in test series without mouth and nose protection than in those with a wellfitting medical mask. A simulation tool for macroscopic molecular communication processes is extended and used for estimating the transmission of infectious aerosols in different environments. Towards this goal, parameters obtained through self experiments are taken. The work is inspired by the recent outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications for the special issue "Section II: Molecular Communications for Diagnostics and Therapeutic Development of Infectious Diseases

Transverse Double-Spin Asymmetries for Muon Pair Production in pp-Collisions

We calculate the rapidity dependence of the transverse double-spin asymmetry for the Drell-Yan process to next-to-leading order in the strong coupling. Input transversity distributions are obtained by saturating the Soffer inequality at a low hadronic mass scale. Results for the polarized BNL-RHIC proton-proton collider and the proposed HERA-N fixed-target experiment are presented, and the influence of the limited muon acceptance of the detectors on measurements of the asymmetry is studied in detail.Comment: 7 pages including 5 figures; significantly shortened, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Soffer's inequality and the transversely polarized Drell-Yan process at next-to-leading order

We check numerically if Soffer's inequality for quark distributions is preserved by next-to-leading order QCD evolution. Assuming that the inequality is saturated at a low hadronic scale we estimate the maximal transverse double spin asymmetry for Drell-Yan muon pair production to next-to-leading order accuracy.Comment: 20 Pages, LaTeX, 7 figures as eps file