El nitrat de les fonts del Lluçanès: efectes sobre les comunitats de briòfits (molses i hepàtiques) = Nitrate in natural springs in Lluçanès region: Effects on the communities of bryophytes (mosses and liverworts)

Semi-natural springs contain complex communities of living organisms that look for constant water supplies. However, an excess of nitrate in the underlying aquifers could affect species richness, especially of those groups that are sensitive to pollution such as bryophytes (mosses and liverworts). In this study, we analyse water characteristics and presence of bryophytes in 93 natural springs in Lluçanès region. We find that although a few species can cope with a relative nitrate excess, most of them do not tolerate it, meaning that species richness decreases in the most polluted sources, showing an adverse effect of water pollution on the biodiversity of bryophyte

Pbca-Type In2O3: the high-pressure post-corundum phase at room temperature

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Physical Chemistry C, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5061599High-pressure powder X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements in cubic bixbyite-type indium oxide (c-In2O3) have been performed at room temperature. On increasing pressure c-In2O3 undergoes a transition to the Rh2O3-II structure but on decreasing pressure Rh2O3-II-type In2O3 undergoes a transition to a previously unknown phase with Pbca space group which is isostructural to Rh2O3-III. On further decrease of pressure, we observed a phase transition to the metastable corundum-type In2O3 near room conditions. Recompression of the metastable corundum-type In2O3 at room temperature leads to a transition to the Rh2O3-III phase, thus showing that the Rh2O3-III phase is the post-corundum phase at room temperature. Our results are supported by theoretical ab initio calculations. Furthermore, they show that the Rh2O3-III phase could be present in other sesquioxides, thus prompting to a revision of the pressure-temperature phase diagrams of sesquioxidesFinancial support by the Spanish MEC under Grant No. MAT2010-21270-C04-01/03/04, MAT2013-46649-C4-1/2/3-P, by MALTA Consolider Ingenio 2010 project (CSD2007-00045) and by Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-ACOMP-2013-012). Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and ALBA Synchrotron Light Source are also acknowledged. B.G.-D. and J.A.S. acknowledge financial support through the FPI program and Juan de la Cierva fellowship, respectively. We also thank J. L. Jorda for fruitful discussions. A.L.J.P. acknowledges financial support through Brazilian CNPq. A.S. expresses thanks to FEDER Grant UNLV10-3E-1253 for financial support.García-Domene, B.; Sans Tresserras, JÁ.; Gomis, O.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Ortiz, HM.; Errandonea, D.; Santamaría Pérez, D.... (2014). Pbca-Type In2O3: the high-pressure post-corundum phase at room temperature. Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 118(35):20545-20552. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp5061599S20545205521183

High-pressure lattice dynamical study of bulk and nanocrystalline In2O3

The effect of pressure on the vibrational properties of bulk and nanocrystallinepowders of cubic bixbyite-type In2O3 has been investigated at room temperature by means of Raman spectroscopy up to 31.6 and 30¿GPa, respectively. We have been able to follow the pressure dependence of up to sixteen and seven Raman modes in bulk and nanocrystalline cubic In2O3, respectively. The experimental frequencies and pressure coefficients of the Raman-active modes of bulk cubic In2O3 at ambient pressure are in good agreement with those predicted by our theoretical ab initio calculations. Furthermore, a comparison of our experimental data with our calculations for the Raman modes in rhombohedral corundum and orthorhombic Rh2O3-II structures and with already reported Raman modes of rhombohedral corundum-type In2O3 at room pressure indicate that Raman scattering measurements provide no experimental evidence of the cubic to rhombohedral or cubic to orthorhombic phase transitions either in bulk material or in nanocrystals up to 30¿GPa. © 2012 American Institute of PhysicsResearch financed by the Spanish MEC under Grant No. MAT2010-21270-C04-01/03/04 and from Vicerrectorado de Investigacion de la Universitat Politecnica de Valencia under Projects UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11. CONACyT Mexico under the Project J-152153-F and the Marie-Curie Intra-European Fellowship have supported AHR. Supercomputer time has been provided by the Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and the MALTA cluster. B.G.-D. acknowledges J. Ruiz-Fuertes for enlightening suggestions. We also acknowledge the financial support from the MEC through the FPI program and Juan de la Cierva fellowship.Garcia Domene, B.; Ortiz, HM.; Gomis Hilario, O.; Sans, JA.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Muñoz, A.; Rodríguez-Hernández, P.... (2012). High-pressure lattice dynamical study of bulk and nanocrystalline In2O3. Journal of Applied Physics. 112:1235111-1235117. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4769747S12351111235117112Granqvist, C. G. (1993). Transparent conductive electrodes for electrochromic devices: A review. Applied Physics A Solids and Surfaces, 57(1), 19-24. doi:10.1007/bf00331211Mizoguchi, H., & Woodward, P. M. (2004). Electronic Structure Studies of Main Group Oxides Possessing Edge-Sharing Octahedra:  Implications for the Design of Transparent Conducting Oxides. Chemistry of Materials, 16(25), 5233-5248. doi:10.1021/cm049249wKing, P. D. C., Veal, T. D., Fuchs, F., Wang, C. Y., Payne, D. J., Bourlange, A., … McConville, C. F. (2009). 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Public Versus Private: Does It Matter for Water Conservation? Insights from California

This article asks three connected questions: First, does the public view private and public utilities differently, and if so, does this affect attitudes to conservation? Second, do public and private utilities differ in their approaches to conservation? Finally, do differences in the approaches of the utilities, if any, relate to differences in public attitudes? We survey public attitudes in California toward (hypothetical but plausible) voluntary and mandated water conservation, as well as to price increases, during a recent period of shortage. We do this by interviewing households in three pairs of adjacent public and private utilities. We also survey managers of public and private urban water utilities to see if they differ in their approaches to conservation and to their customers. On the user side we do not find pronounced differences, though a minority of customers in all private companies would be more willing to conserve or pay higher prices under a public operator. No respondent in public utility said the reverse. Negative attitudes toward private operators were most pronounced in the pair marked by a controversial recent privatization and a price hike. Nonetheless, we find that California’s history of recurrent droughts and the visible role of the state in water supply and drought management undermine the distinction between public and private. Private utilities themselves work to underplay the distinction by stressing the collective ownership of the water source and the collective value of conservation. Overall, California’s public utilities appear more proactive and target-oriented in asking their customers to conserve than their private counterparts and the state continues to be important in legitimating and guiding conservation behavior, whether the utility is in public hands or private

The reference site collaborative network of the european innovation partnership on active and healthy ageing

Seventy four Reference Sites of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) have been recognised by the European Commission in 2016 for their commitment to excellence in investing and scaling up innovative solutions for active and healthy ageing. The Reference Site Collaborative Network (RSCN) brings together the EIP on AHA Reference Sites awarded by the European Commission, and Candidate Reference Sites into a single forum. The overarching goals are to promote cooperation, share and transfer good practice and solutions in the development and scaling up of health and care strategies, policies and service delivery models, while at the same time supporting the action groups in their work. The RSCN aspires to be recognized by the EU Commission as the principal forum and authority representing all EIP on AHA Reference Sites. The RSCN will contribute to achieve the goals of the EIP on AHA by improving health and care outcomes for citizens across Europe, and the development of sustainable economic growth and the creation of jobs

Reflections about the problems of the ergonomic adaptation of screens to older users

Las diferentes tecnologías de pantallas se están aplicando en la actualidad a nuevos dispositivos de diferentes tipos y tamaños, para los cuales no se han planteado soluciones de Ergonomía Visual. Los productos tecnológicos que compramos deben pasar controles de seguridad, confortabilidad y usabilidad en general, pero también visuales cuando se trata de PVD’s. Una guía o protocolo del diseño ergonómico de PVD’s resultará de gran interés, sobre todo para los usuarios de edad avanzada, que podrán basarse en ella para adaptar el entorno visual a sus necesidades, y para fabricantes de dispositivos, con el fin de proporcionar la adaptación a diferentes necesidades.The different technologies of screens are being applied at present to new devices of different types and sizes, for which solutions of Visual Ergonomics have not considered. The technological products that we bought must pass controls of security, comfortableness and usability in general, but also visual for PVD’s. A guide or protocol of the ergonomic design of PVD’ s will be from great interest, mainly for the users of advanced age, who will be able to base on it to adapt the visual environment to their needs and for manufacturers of devices, in order to provide the adjustment to different needs

Comparativa de características colorimétricas de pantallas

El proceso de calibrado genérico para monitores CRT, conocido por GOG (gain-offset-gamma), relaciona la luminancia relativa Lrk de cada canal-color (R, G, B) y el nivel digital relativo correspondiente NDRk mediante una función de transferencia electro-óptica de tipo potencial. Sin embargo, cuando se usan otros dispositivos de visualización, como una pantalla LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) de un ordenador portátil, un proyector LCD o una pantalla de plasma, la reproducción de los colores se pierde drásticamente: por ejemplo, un gris anaranjado en el monitor CRT se ve más claro, saturado y verdoso al proyectar en una pantalla blanca usando un proyector LCD. Nuestro objetivo es realizar la comparación de diferentes dispositivos de visualización, con el fin de conocer sus características colorimétricas a partir de las curvas de calibrado

Corneal Edema after Cataract Surgery

his systematic review investigates the prevalence and underlying causes of corneal edemafollowing cataract surgery employing manual phacoemulsification. A comprehensive search encom-passing databases such as PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and Scopus was conducted,focusing on variables encompassing cataract surgery and corneal edema. Two independent reviewerssystematically extracted pertinent data from 103 articles, consisting of 62 theoretical studies and41 clinical trials. These studies delved into various aspects related to corneal edema after cataractsurgery, including endothelial cell loss, pachymetry measurements, visual performance, surgicaltechniques, supplies, medications, and assessments of endothelial and epithelial barriers. This review,encompassing an extensive analysis of 3060 records, revealed significant correlations between cornealedema and endothelial cell loss during phacoemulsification surgery. Factors such as patient age,cataract grade, and mechanical stress were identified as contributors to endothelial cell loss. Fur-thermore, pachymetry and optical coherence tomography emerged as valuable diagnostic tools forassessing corneal edema. In conclusion, this systematic review underscores the link between cornealedema and endothelial cell loss in manual phacoemulsification cataract surgery. It highlights therelevance of factors like patient demographics and diagnostic modalities. However, further researchis essential to unravel the complexities of refractive changes and the underlying mechanisms.This study was supported by the following foundations: Alcon-FOM-UVEG Cathedra, Foundation of Ophthalmology Medicine, and Universitat de València.Medicin