Desarrollo de un pipeline de datos para la predicción de incendios forestales en Pinamar

En los últimos años, la severidad de los incendios forestales ha llegado a niveles preocupantes tanto a nivel internacional como nacional. No obstante, gracias al avance de la tecnología es posible predecir la ocurrencia y magnitud de los mismos a través de modelos de Machine Learning especialmente desarrollados para tal fin. Para lograr este objetivo, el presente trabajo describe el desarrollo de un pipeline de datos automatizado en el lenguaje de programación Python que genera el dataset de incendios forestales específico al Partido de Pinamar, permitiendo así el posterior entrenamiento de modelos predictivos de incendios. El mismo es a su vez configurable para reunir datos meteorológicos, topográficos y de combustible de otras áreas geográficas.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Predicción de incendios forestales mediante modelos de machine learning

La severidad de los incendios forestales ha llegado a niveles preocupantes tanto a nivel internacional como nacional. No obstante, gracias al avance de la tecnología es posible predecir su ocurrencia y magnitud a través de modelos de Machine Learning especialmente desarrollados para tal fin. En línea con diversas investigaciones realizadas en materia de predicción espaciotemporal de incendios forestales, en el presente trabajo el objetivo fue desarrollar un modelo de Machine Learning que contribuya a la prevención de incendios forestales en el Partido de Pinamar. Para ello se entrenaron diversos modelos utilizando registros de incendios históricos de la zona, alcanzando una sensibilidad del 88.4% para predecir la ocurrencia de incendios forestales a través de un árbol de decisión. Gracias al desarrollo de un pipeline de datos y el entrenamiento automatizado de modelos se sentaron las bases necesarias para posibilitar la predicción de incendios forestales en localidades vecinas.XXIII Workshop Agentes y Sistemas Inteligentes (WASI)Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

AQUA: sistema de administración y gestión documental de emergencias para cuarteles de bomberos

Es ampliamente conocida la labor que realizan los bomberos voluntarios de todo el mundo, arriesgando sus vidas cada vez que se presentan emergencias y ayudando diariamente al bien de la sociedad. Tal es así que a nivel nacional la organización del Sistema Nacional de Bomberos Voluntarios y su vinculación con el Estado nacional están reguladas por la Ley Nacional N°25.054, promulgada en 1998. Sin embargo, la labor de los bomberos no termina en la atención de emergencias: los bomberos voluntarios de Pinamar dedican numerosas horas en tareas administrativas. Esto se debe a la cantidad de información que deben recolectar y generar antes, durante y después de atender una emergencia. Teniendo presente esta problemática se desarrolló AQUA: un sistema que da soporte a los bomberos voluntarios de Pinamar en todas las etapas de un incendio: desde que se produce la llamada de emergencia y se prepara la salida hasta que se registra formalmente el parte correspondiente, reduciendo el tiempo insumido en registrar, localizar y procesar información sobre incendios.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Removal of Phenolic Compounds from Water by Adsorption and Photocatalysis

Phenolic compounds are important industrial wastes, and are classified as hazardous substances contaminating groundwater resources. Therefore, the removal or diminish of these organics compounds in order to reach the permitted levels before discharging becomes a challenging. Several processes have been developed to remove phenolic compounds from waters, including electrochemical oxidation, redox reactions, membrane separation and photocatalytic degradation. Recently, tendency of phenolic compounds removal involves adsorption and photocatalytic process, using synthetic or natural particles, such as carbon materials and clays. Actually, materials in nanometric scale play an important role in the processes previously mention due to their unique chemical and physical properties. In this book chapter, the first part shows the chemical properties of phenolic compounds that play an important role in the removal process. In the second part, different materials in macro, micro and nanosize used as adsorbents or photocatalysts are reviewed. In addition, other removal processes of phenolic compounds as electrochemistry and redox reactions are included. The removal conditions in these process, such as pH, adsorbate and adsorbent concentration are analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, special emphasis is included in micro and nanocarbon materials, used as adsorbents or photocatalyst to remove phenol from water in recently researches

Aplicaciones de machine learning para el uso sustentable de recursos naturales

Se propone una investigación para predecir la ocurrencia de incendios forestales basada en el entrenamiento de Modelos de Machine Learning. Se utiliza para el entrenamiento de los modelos, datos de registros históricos provistos por las propias Asociaciones de Bomberos Voluntarios, datos del Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) e imágenes satelitales provistas por la NASA. Se propone extender la solución para abarcar el monitoreo de áreas en riesgo, mediante dispositivos de IoT en puntos fijos o móviles, y equipados con sensores y cámaras. El procesamiento de las imágenes se propone realizar mediante algoritmos de reconocimiento de imágenes para enviar alertas de posibles focos de incendios.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

Inhibition of RAC1 activity in cancer associated fibroblasts favours breast tumour development through IL-1β upregulation

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are highly abundant stromal components in the tumour microenvironment. These cells contribute to tumorigenesis and indeed, they have been proposed as a target for anti-cancer therapies. Similarly, targeting the Rho-GTPase RAC1 has also been suggested as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. Here, we show that targeting RAC1 activity, either pharmacologically or by genetic silencing, increases the pro-tumorigenic activity of CAFs by upregulating IL-1β secretion. Moreover, inhibiting RAC1 activity shifts the CAF subtype to a more aggressive phenotype. Thus, as RAC1 suppresses the secretion of IL-1β by CAFs, reducing RAC1 activity in combination with the depletion of this cytokine should be considered as an interesting therapeutic option for breast cancer in which tumour cells retain intact IL-1β signalling.

Dietary enrichment with crude protein content and feed additives (Bacillus spp. and yeast strains) improves growth performance, survival and circulating hemocytes in juvenile White shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: Enriquecimiento de la dieta con proteína y aditivos alimentarios (cepas de Bacillus spp. y levaduras) mejora el crecimiento, supervivencia y hemocitos circulantes de juveniles de camarón blanco, Litopenaeus vannamei

In this study the enrichment dietary effect with different  crude protein levels (CP) and feed additives on growth, survival, feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed consumption (FC) and total hemocyte count (THC) in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated. The study covered two bioassays: in the first one, juveniles were daily fed for 45 days with four experimental diets containing: (1) Control, commercial feed (35% CP); (2) 29% CP; (3) 32% CP; (4) 35% CP. After the 29% CP diet was selected, juveniles in bioassay II were daily fed for 45 days with a single CP diet complemented with probiotics: (1) Control, commercial feed (35% CP); (2) 29% CP; (3) 29% CP + Bacillus mix at 1×106 CFUg–1 feed; and (4) 29% CP + yeast mix at 1×106 CFUg–1 feed. Juvenile shrimp fed with experimental diets gained significantly more weight and increased survival, FCR, FC and THC compared with control diet. However, differences among experimental diets were not significant. In bioassay II, juvenile shrimp fed with experimental diet + feed additives significantly increased survival, FCR, FC and THC compared with control diet. Growth of juveniles significantly increased with 29% CP and 29% CP + yeast mix diets, compared with control group. Complementing the diet with yeast mix showed higher survival and THC of juveniles compared with the other experimental treatments. Different CP levels in shrimp diet improved growth, survival and circulating hemocytes, and addition of mixed yeast as feed additive induced better survival and immune response in juvenile shrimp

Bactericidal activity of caprylic acid entrapped in mesoporous silica nanoparticles

[EN] Development of nanotechnologies to improve the functionality of natural antimicrobials for food applications has received much attention in recent years. Mesoporous silica particles, such as MCM-41, have been recently proposed as smart delivery devices capable of loading and releasing large amounts of cargo. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of caprylic acid entrapped in MCM-41 nanoparticles against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes was tested and compared with the bactericidal effect of free caprylic acid using the macrodilution method. The minimum bactericidal concentration for free caprylic acid was established to be below 18.5 mM for S. aureus and L. monocytogenes and within the 18.5-20 mM range for E. coli and S. enterica. Moreover, caprylic acid loaded nanoparticles showed a total inhibition of the growth within the 18.5-20 mM range for the tested bacteria, and therefore the antimicrobial activity was preserved. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed that bacteria treatment with the caprylic acid-loaded nanoparticles generated disruption of cell envelope and leakage of cytoplasmic content, which resulted in cell death. We believe that caprylic acid encapsulation in nanoparticles MCM-41 can provide an effective system for potential applications in food safety in the food industry due to the possible controlled release of fatty acid and the masking of its unpleasant organoleptic properties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reservedRuiz Rico, M.; Fuentes López, C.; Pérez-Esteve, É.; Jiménez Belenguer, AI.; Quiles Chuliá, MD.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Martínez-Máñez, R.... (2015). Bactericidal activity of caprylic acid entrapped in mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Food Control. 56:77-85. doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.016S77855

Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the general population (COMET-G) study.

INTRODUCTION: There are few published empirical data on the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, and until now, there is no large international study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire gathered data from 55,589 participants from 40 countries (64.85% females aged 35.80 ± 13.61; 34.05% males aged 34.90±13.29 and 1.10% other aged 31.64±13.15). Distress and probable depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables. RESULTS: Probable depression was detected in 17.80% and distress in 16.71%. A significant percentage reported a deterioration in mental state, family dynamics and everyday lifestyle. Persons with a history of mental disorders had higher rates of current depression (31.82% vs. 13.07%). At least half of participants were accepting (at least to a moderate degree) a non-bizarre conspiracy. The highest Relative Risk (RR) to develop depression was associated with history of Bipolar disorder and self-harm/attempts (RR = 5.88). Suicidality was not increased in persons without a history of any mental disorder. Based on these results a model was developed. CONCLUSIONS: The final model revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to probable depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since many of these factors are modifiable. Future research and interventions should specifically focus on them