88 research outputs found

    La participation social comme noyau de l'apprentissage

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    This paper aims to understand and analyse previous conceptions of prospective and in-service teachers, who are currently carryng out different kinds of educational activities at the University of Alicante, as an initial step in the implementation of methodology strategies based on social constructivism. The previous thoughts and conceptions analysed refer to basic concepts related to professional activity, such as knowledge and learning. This research is situated in the framework of a model based on the social construction of knowledge through the processes of enculturation, research into practice and situated learning.En este artículo se analiza una investigación cuya intención primera ha sido conocer y revisar los marcos conceptuales previos de educadores en prospectiva y profesores en ejercicio, que actualmente realizan diversos tipos de acciones formativas de segundo y tercer ciclo en la Universidad de Alicante, como paso previo a la implementación de estrategias metodológicas nucleadas en la participación social. Los pensamientos previos y concepciones analizadas se refieren a conceptos básicos para la práctica profesional, como son el conocimiento y el aprendizaje. Esta investigación se sitúa en el marco de una teoría andamio centrada en la construcción social del conocimiento, a través de procesos de enculturación, investigación sobre la práctica, y aprendizaje situado.Dans cet article nous analysons une recherche dont l'intention première a été de connaître et réviser les cadres conceptuels préalables des futurs enseignants et des professeurs en exercise, qui accomplissent, à l'heure actuelle, une série d'actions formatives de second et troisième cycle, en suivant des modèles divers, a l'Université d'Alicante; il ságit d'une première démarche en ce qui concerne la mise en oeuvre de la consonance directe des stratégies méthodologiques nucléaires autour de la participation social. Les pensées préalables et les conceptions analysées font référence aux concepts fondamentaux relatifs à la practique professionnelle, tels que la coinassance et l'apprentissage. Cette recherche se situe dans le cadre d'une théorie d'emboîtement qui vise la construction sociale des connaissances, moyennant toute une série de processus d'acculturation, de recherche concernant la practique et d'apprentissage déterminé

    Description of the first Schmallenberg disease outbreak in Spain and subsequent virus spreading in domestic ruminants

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    Schmallenberg disease (SBD) is an emerging disease transmitted mainly among ruminant species by biting midges of the genus Culicoides. Since the Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was first identified in Germany in late 2011, it rapidly spread to other European countries. The aims of the present study were to describe the first SBD outbreak in Spain and to assess the spread and risk factors associated with SBV infection in domestic ruminants from nearby farms during the following year. In March 2012, one malformed stillborn lamb from a sheep farm located in Cordoba province (Southern Spain) was subjected to necropsy. Pathological compatible lesions and molecular analyses confirmed the first SBV infection in Spain. Afterwards, serum samples from 505 extensively reared domestic ruminants from 29 farms were analysed using both blocking ELISA and virus neutralization test against SBV. The overall seroprevalence was 54.4% (CI95%: 50.0–58.7). Antibodies were detected in 70.6%, 46.0% and 34.8% of cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. A generalized estimating equation model indicated that the main risk factors associated with SBV infection were: species (cattle), age (adult), and absence of animal insecticide treatment. Pathological and molecular results confirmed the presence of SBV in Spain few months after it was firstly identified in Germany. The seroprevalence detected indicates a widespread circulation of SBV in nearby domestic ruminant farms one year after this first outbreak was reported in Spain. Further studies are warranted to determine the spatio-temporal trend of SBV in domestic ruminants in this country.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

    Estudio sobre la asociación entre nivel de actividad física y síntomas de depresión y ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios de 18 a 30 años de Lima bajo el contexto actual de distanciamiento social por COVID-19

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    ANTECEDENTES: La revisión de la literatura científica evidencia asociación entre el nivel de actividad física y los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre dicha relación en la población universitaria, bajo el contexto actual de pandemia por COVID-19 en Lima Metropolitana-Perú. OBJETIVOS: Determinar si hay asociación entre las variables de interés. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal basado en una encuesta online anónima distribuida por “bola de nieve” entre 189 participantes. La actividad física se evaluó mediante el cuestionario IPAQ-SF. Los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión fueron evaluados a través del cuestionario DASS-21. RESULTADOS: No se encontró asociación entre actividad física y síntomas de ansiedad (RPc = 0,89; IC al 95%: 0,50-1,58; p= 0,698 y RPa = 0,92; IC al 95%: 0,52-1,60; p= 0,776). Sin embargo, sí se encontró asociación entre actividad física y síntomas depresivos tanto en el análisis crudo (RPc = 0,50; IC al 95%: 0,27-0,92; p= 0,026) y en el ajustado por variables confusoras como la edad y carrera de medicina (RPa = 0,54; IC al 95%: 0,30-0,97; p=0,041). CONCLUSIONES: Se encontró asociación entre actividad física y síntomas depresivos en la población estudiada.BACKGROUND: A review of the scientific literature shows an association between the level of physical activity and the depression and anxiety symptoms. However, there are few studies about this relationship in college students under the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Metropolitan-Lima, Peru. OBJECTIVES: Determine if there is an association between the variables of interest. METHODS: A cross-sectional study based on anonymous virtual survey distributed via snow-ball sampling method was performed among 189 participants. Physical activity was assessed using the IPAQ-SF questionnaire. Anxiety and depression symptoms were evaluated through the DASS-21 questionnaire. RESULTS: No association was found between physical activity and anxiety symptoms (PR Crude = 0,89; 95% CI: 0,50-1,58; p= 0,698 y PR Adjusted = 0,92; 95% CI: 0,52-1,60; p= 0,776). However, an association was found between physical activity and depression symptoms in both the crude analysis (PR Crude = 0,50; 95% CI: 0,27-0,92; p= 0,026) and after adjusted analysis by confounder variables such as age and medical degree (PR Adjusted = 0,54; 95% CI: 0,30-0,97; p= 0,041). CONCLUSIONS: An association between physical activity and depression symptoms was found in the studied population.​Tesi

    Identification and characterization of a nodH ortholog from the alfalfa-nodulating Or191-like rhizobia

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    Nodulation of Medicago sativa (alfalfa) is known to be restricted to Sinorhizobium meliloti and a few other rhizobia that include the poorly characterized isolates related to Rhizobium sp. strain Or191. Distinctive features of the symbiosis between alfalfa and S. meliloti are the marked specificity from the plant to the bacteria and the strict requirement for the presence of sulfated lipochitooligosaccharides (Nod factors [NFs]) at its reducing end. Here, we present evidence of the presence of a functional nodH-encoded NF sulfotransferase in the Or191-like rhizobia. The nodH gene, present in single copy, maps to a high molecular weight megaplasmid. As in S. meliloti, a nodF homolog was identified immediately upstream of nodH that was transcribed in the opposite direction (local synteny). This novel nodH ortholog was cloned and shown to restore both NF sulfation and the Nif +Fix+ phenotypes when introduced into an S. meliloti nodH mutant. Unexpectedly, however, nodH disruption in the Or191-like bacteria did not abolish their ability to nodulate alfalfa, resulting instead in a severely delayed nodulation. In agreement with evidence from other authors, the nodH sequence analysis strongly supports the idea that the Or191-like rhizobia most likely represent a genetic mosaic resulting from the horizontal transfer of symbiotic genes from a sinorhizobial megaplasmid to a not yet clearly identified ancestor.Instituto de Biotecnologia y Biologia Molecula

    High Estradiol Differentially Affects the Expression of the Glucose Transporter Type 4 in Pelvic Floor Muscles of Rats

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    Purpose To characterize the relationship between serum estradiol levels and the expression of glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4) in the pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus muscles in female rats. Methods The muscles were excised from virgin rats during the metestrus and proestrus stages of the estrous cycle, and from sham and ovariectomized rats implanted with empty or estradiol benzoate–filled capsules. The expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) was inspected in the muscles at metestrus and proestrus. Relative Glut4 expression, glycogen content, and serum glucose levels were measured. Appropriate statistical tests were done to identify significant differences (P≤0.05). Results The pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus muscles expressed ERα and ERβ. Glut4 expression and glycogen content in the pubococcygeus muscle were higher at proestrus than at metestrus. No significant changes were observed in the iliococcygeus muscle. In ovariectomized rats, the administration of estradiol benzoate increased Glut4 expression and glycogen content in the pubococcygeus muscle alone. Conclusions High serum estradiol levels increased Glut4 expression and glycogen content in the pubococcygeus muscle, but not in the iliococcygeus muscle

    Estudios históricos 8 : arquitectura y diseño

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    1 archivo PDF (157 páginas)Trabajo que se divide en tres apartados: arquitectura y ciudad; diseño gráfico e industrial; teoría; Al final se suma un apartado denominado "conferencias" que fueron impartidas por invitados de otros grupo académicos en el Seminario Anual de Historia del Diseño

    Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica hospitalizados en un centro de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, durante el año 2015

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    Introducción: la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una condición que cursa con limitación del flujo aéreo espiratorio e inflamación crónica de las vías aéreas, y que representa un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial.Objetivo. Determinar el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes con EPOC en una institución hospitalaria de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal, con una muestra de 50 pacientes, con diagnóstico clínico o espirométrico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, atendidos de forma intrahospitalaria en una institución privada en Medellín durante el año 2015. A las variablescuantitativas se les calculó el promedio, desviación estándar y valores mínimo y máximo.A las cualitativas, medidas de nivel nominal y ordinal y se les estimaron proporciones.Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 73,5±9,3 años, el 52% fueron mujeres. El promedio de tiempo de diagnóstico fue de 7,8±1,3 años. Las características clínicas más frecuentes fueron las siguientes: el 36% tenía como clasificación estadio D para la enfermedad, el 34% tenía VEF1 <30%, el 88% tenían antecedente de tabaquismo y el 52% utilizaba oxígeno en casa.Conclusiones: La mayoría de nuestra población fue clasificada como GOLD categoría D, con una limitación grave del flujo aéreo espiratorio (VEF1 < 30%) y requerimiento de uso de oxígeno domiciliario. Lo anterior indica un inadecuado control de la enfermedad, debido, probablemente, al contexto intrahospitalario de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio

    Identification and characterization of a nodH ortholog from the alfalfa-nodulating Or191-like rhizobia

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    Nodulation of Medicago sativa (alfalfa) is known to be restricted to Sinorhizobium meliloti and a few other rhizobia that include the poorly characterized isolates related to Rhizobium sp. strain Or191. Distinctive features of the symbiosis between alfalfa and S. meliloti are the marked specificity from the plant to the bacteria and the strict requirement for the presence of sulfated lipochitooligosaccharides (Nod factors [NFs]) at its reducing end. Here, we present evidence of the presence of a functional nodH-encoded NF sulfotransferase in the Or191-like rhizobia. The nodH gene, present in single copy, maps to a high molecular weight megaplasmid. As in S. meliloti, a nodF homolog was identified immediately upstream of nodH that was transcribed in the opposite direction (local synteny). This novel nodH ortholog was cloned and shown to restore both NF sulfation and the Nif +Fix+ phenotypes when introduced into an S. meliloti nodH mutant. Unexpectedly, however, nodH disruption in the Or191-like bacteria did not abolish their ability to nodulate alfalfa, resulting instead in a severely delayed nodulation. In agreement with evidence from other authors, the nodH sequence analysis strongly supports the idea that the Or191-like rhizobia most likely represent a genetic mosaic resulting from the horizontal transfer of symbiotic genes from a sinorhizobial megaplasmid to a not yet clearly identified ancestor.Instituto de Biotecnologia y Biologia Molecula
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