El antimperialismo de Froylán Turcios: reflexiones para el estudio de la Revista Ariel

En 2013 viajé a Managua y Tegucigalpa para realizar trabajos de archivo que pudiera fundamentar mi investigación de maestría sobre Augusto C. Sandino y México. De ante mano tenía conocimiento que para poder estudiar seriamente el movimiento sandinista de los años veinte era indispensable consultar Revista Ariel, así que uno de mis principales objetivos dentro de ese proceso de investigación fue encontrar y consultar la publicación dirigida por el intelectual hondureño Froylán Turcios. Después de una interesante travesía pude encontrar la Revista Ariel en Tegucigalpa, sin embargo las condiciones en que se incontraba la colección imposibilitó su consulta. Así que solo pude analizar aquellos ejemplares que no corrían el riesgo de dañarse. Durante el proceso de sistematización de la información recuperada pude dimensionar la importancia que esta publicación y su editor Turcios tuvo en la lucha antiimperialista latinoamericana y en la construcción de una identidad continental durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Este artículo tiene la intensión de analizar la Revista Ariel a partir de una serie de variables metodológicas señalando la relevancia de la dimensión política que tuvo esta y el resto de revistas culturales en América Latina, no solo por los temas y debates que albergaron sino por su incidencia en la realidad latinoamericana. El análisis arroja una problemática que debe considerarse al estudiarse el antiimperialismo latinoamericano desde esta perspectiva: la dispersión física de la revista, el descuido de la colección existente y aún más grave, lo incompleto de las mismas

Modesto Armijo Lozano. Diario dedicado a su esposa, Carmenza Mejía Aráuz

Como parte de abonar al estudio de la historia de Centroamérica la doctora Monica Toussaint y el doctor Guillermo Fernández Ampié editaron: Modesto Armijo Lozano, Diario dedicado a su esposa, Carmenza Mejía Aráuz (octubre 1926- julio 19279).Incluido en la colección Testimonios del Instituto Mora. El texto publicado en 2015 puede considerarse una valiosa fuente histórica para analizar la Guerra Constitucionalista nicaragüense (1926-1927) que involucró a los países centroamericanos, Estados Unidos y México. Si bien Modesto Armijo, quien fue parte del gabinete de gobierno de Juan Bautista Sacasa durante la Guerra Constitucionalista, es un personaje poco conocido dentro de la historiografía nicaragüense y centroamericana. La publicación de su Diario es una muestra de que aún a inicios del siglo XXI existen episodios y procesos históricos que no terminan de revisarse, y queda mucho por analizar y develar

Biorefinery of lemon peel waste using cold adapted yeasts from Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic regions

Cold adapted yeasts from soil samples from King George Island and Tierra del Fuego province were evaluated for their potential to produce extracellular pectinases. Pectinolytic yeasts were previously identified by 26S rDNA (D1/D2 domain) sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Among 103 isolates, only eight showed pectinolytic activity at 20ºC, and only four -strains e9.2, 4.6, 5.9 and 8E- were capable to produce pectinolytic activity at 8ºC. Strain 8E identified as Guehomyces pullulans and the strains e9.2 and 5.9 identified as Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum and Cryptoccocus adeliensis were selected for enzyme production under submerged fermentation. All the strains were capable to grow in presence of lemon peel. C. adeliensis 5.9 produced the highest enzyme activity at 24 h (4.8 U/ml) while C. infirmominiatum e9.2 and G. pullulans 8E showed considerable activity at 45 h (3.9 U/ml and 2.83 U/ml, respectively). It could be seen that at 10ºC enzyme/s remained active. Besides polygalacturonase (PGase), presence of other pectin-degrading enzymes in the culture supernatants was investigated. None of the strains produce neither pectin or pectate lyase activity nor rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase activity. Regarding pectin esterase activity, it was only produced by G. pullulans (0.022 U/ml). All the strains produced enzymatic pools that showed higher activity against highly esterified pectin than against pectin with 63% methoxyl. This behavior could be attributed to the presence of polymethylgalacturonase activity (PMGase) in its supernatant. β- glucosidase activity was detected in all supernatants. This is the first report on the capacity of these species to produce pectinases. Inulinase activity was detected in G. pullulans and C. infirmominiatum supernatants, while xylanase and cellulase activities were only detected in G. pullulans supernatants.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriale

Biorefinery of lemon peel waste using cold adapted yeasts from Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic regions

Cold adapted yeasts from soil samples from King George Island and Tierra del Fuego province were evaluated for their potential to produce extracellular pectinases. Pectinolytic yeasts were previously identified by 26S rDNA (D1/D2 domain) sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Among 103 isolates, only eight showed pectinolytic activity at 20ºC, and only four -strains e9.2, 4.6, 5.9 and 8E- were capable to produce pectinolytic activity at 8ºC. Strain 8E identified as Guehomyces pullulans and the strains e9.2 and 5.9 identified as Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum and Cryptoccocus adeliensis were selected for enzyme production under submerged fermentation. All the strains were capable to grow in presence of lemon peel. C. adeliensis 5.9 produced the highest enzyme activity at 24 h (4.8 U/ml) while C. infirmominiatum e9.2 and G. pullulans 8E showed considerable activity at 45 h (3.9 U/ml and 2.83 U/ml, respectively). It could be seen that at 10ºC enzyme/s remained active. Besides polygalacturonase (PGase), presence of other pectin-degrading enzymes in the culture supernatants was investigated. None of the strains produce neither pectin or pectate lyase activity nor rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase activity. Regarding pectin esterase activity, it was only produced by G. pullulans (0.022 U/ml). All the strains produced enzymatic pools that showed higher activity against highly esterified pectin than against pectin with 63% methoxyl. This behavior could be attributed to the presence of polymethylgalacturonase activity (PMGase) in its supernatant. β- glucosidase activity was detected in all supernatants. This is the first report on the capacity of these species to produce pectinases. Inulinase activity was detected in G. pullulans and C. infirmominiatum supernatants, while xylanase and cellulase activities were only detected in G. pullulans supernatants.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriale

Correlation between obesity and severity of distal radius fractures

Introduction: The incidence of obesity has increased significantly worldwide. Our hypothesis was that patients with obesity have a more severe distal radius fracture and we realized a study to evaluate this correlation between obesity and severity of distal radius fractures caused by low-energy injuries. Materials and methods: A total of 114 patients with distal radius fracture were examined in

Critical Analysis of Stakeholders in the Municipality of Tarija, Bolivia, in Search of Strategies for Adequate Water Governance to Implement Reverse Osmosis as an Alternative for Generating Safe Water for Its Inhabitants

[EN] The accelerated deterioration of water quality in the city of Tarija, Bolivia, has caused several water sources in the Municipality of Tarija to be discontinued due to the presence of toxic contaminants. The current water purification systems that are used in Tarija do not guarantee the elimination of heavy metals; in addition, political and social interest conflicts are a serious problem in the execution of projects and new public investment alternatives, with these being the main problems found in the sector. Reverse osmosis (RO) water purification technologies are one of the most effective contemporary alternatives for the elimination of contaminants in water, such as heavy metals; however, their application and implementation in countries with little or no experience in this type of technology require acceptance and knowledge on behalf of the interested parties. Political and social conflicts between interested parties generate scenarios that affect hydrological planning. Analysis of the actors in the urban and municipal sphere of the city of Tarija, Bolivia, provides a case study for adequate water governance and enabled us to come to a consensus for the implementation of RO. The results show 23 fundamental actors in water management in the Municipality of Tarija, with local actors being those with the greatest influence and power in decision-making. Our analysis of social networks showed an important polarization in the power of decision makers, with municipalities and legislative entities being those that decide on public investments. The interested parties showed considerable interest in the application of RO as a technology that can provide definitive, short-term solutions to the problems of water stress and the water crisis in the Municipality of Tarija and its application in small towns with a high level of social and environmental vulnerability.This study was supported by Subproject 2 of the Agreement for the Implementation of Phase 2 of the Institutional Cooperation Project VLIR UOS IUC-Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo between 1 September 2022 and 31 August 2027.Villena Martínez, EM.; Alvizuri-Tintaya, PA.; Lo-Iacono-Ferreira, VG.; Lora-García, J.; Torregrosa López, JI.; Sánchez Barrero, L.; Leigue Fernández, A.... (2023). Critical Analysis of Stakeholders in the Municipality of Tarija, Bolivia, in Search of Strategies for Adequate Water Governance to Implement Reverse Osmosis as an Alternative for Generating Safe Water for Its Inhabitants. Water. 15(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173164151

Compressional tectonic inversion of the Algero-Balearic basin: Latemost Miocene to present oblique convergence at the Palomares margin (Western Mediterranean)

Interpretation of new multichannel seismic reflection profiles indicates that the Palomares margin was formed by crustal-scale extension and coeval magmatic accretion during middle to late Miocene opening of the Algero-Balearic basin. The margin formed at the transition between thinned continental crust intruded by arc volcanism and back-arc oceanic crust. Deformation produced during the later positive inversion of the margin offshore and onshore is partitioned between ~N50°E striking reverse faults and associated folds like the Sierra Cabrera and Abubacer anticlines and N10–20°E sinistral strike-slip faults like Palomares and Terreros faults. Parametric subbottom profiles and multibeam bathymetry offshore, structural analysis, available GPS geodetic displacement data, and earthquake focal mechanisms jointly indicate that tectonic inversion of the Palomares margin is currently active. The Palomares margin shows a structural pattern comparable to the north Maghrebian margins where Africa-Eurasia plate convergence is accommodated by NE-SW reverse faults, NNW-SSE sinistral faults, and WNW-ESE dextral ones. Contractive structures at this margin contribute to the general inversion of the Western Mediterranean since ~7 Ma, coeval to inversion at the Algerian margin. Shortening at the Alboran ridge and Al-Idrisi faults occurred later, since 5 Ma, indicating a westward propagation of the compressional inversion of the Western Mediterranean