Chiral emission into nanophotonic resonators

Chiral emission, where the handedness of a transition dipole determines the direction in which a photon is emitted, has recently been observed from atoms and quantum dots coupled to nanophotonic waveguides. Here, we consider the case of chiral light-matter interactions in resonant nanophotonic structures, deriving closed-form expressions for the fundamental quantum electrodynamic quantities that describe these interactions. We show how parameters such as the position dependent, directional Purcell factors and mode volume can be calculated using computationally efficient two dimensional eigenmode simulations. As an example, we calculate these quantities for a prototypical ring resonator with a geometric footprint of only 4.5~$\mu$m$^2$, showing that perfect directionality with a simultaneous Purcell enhancement upwards of 400 are possible. The ability to determine these fundamental properties of nanophotonic chiral interfaces is crucial if they are to form elements of quantum circuits and networks

Large suppression of quantum fluctuations of light from a single emitter by an optical nanostructure

We investigate the reduction of the electromagnetic field fluctuations in resonance fluorescence from a single emitter coupled to an optical nanostructure. We find that such hybrid system can lead to the creation of squeezed states of light, with quantum fluctuations significantly below the shot noise level. Moreover, the physical conditions for achieving squeezing are strongly relaxed with respect to an emitter in free space. A high degree of control over squeezed light is feasible both in the far and near fields, opening the pathway to its manipulation and applications on the nanoscale with state-of-the-art setups.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Use of tire derived aggregate in tunnel cut-and-cover

A case-history is reported in which tire derived aggregate (TDA) was successfully applied to reduce the weight of fill upon a cut-and-cover railway tunnel. Subsequent 3D numerical analyses are used to explore the effect of different assumptions about the constitutive model of the TDA material. Alternative dispositions of TDA around the tunnel section are also examined. Reductions of up to 60% in lining bending moment may be achieved. For the case analyzed the elastic description of the TDA has little influence on tunnel lining loads, although is important for fill settlement estimates.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Estimates of the likelihood of threats are related to intolerance of uncertainty and learning

In the present experiment, we assessed the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and expectancy ratings of threats both in the presence of conditioned stimuli (CS) that signalled the delivery of an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US), and after making an avoidance response. Participants learned the relationship between several pictures serving as CSs and an aversive sound serving as the US, and learned to avoid the US through a procedure including alternating pavlovian and negative reinforcement training phases. Expectancy ratings were measured on every training trial. Our results only showed a significant association between intolerance of uncertainty and expectancy ratings made after avoidance responses. This association was found only when the avoidance response was made in the presence of CSs signalling that the aversive sound was avoidable. The increase in intolerance of uncertainty was related to lower expectancy ratings in good learners, and to higher expectancy ratings in bad learners. These results are tentatively explained by invoking a view of intolerance of uncertainty as an exaggerated reaction to uncertainty aimed at learning to avoid threats.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Ministerio de Ciencia y Competitividad. Proyecto Nacional I+D+i. PSI2014-56061

On nonparaxial nonlinear Schrödinger-type equations

In this paper the one-dimensional nonparaxial nonlinear Schrödinger equation is considered. This was proposed as an alternative to the classical nonlinear Schrödinger equation in those situations where the assumption of paraxiality may fail. The paper contributes to the mathematical properties of the equation in a two-fold way. First, some theoretical results on linear well-posedness, Hamiltonian and multi-symplectic formulations are derived. Then we propose to take into account these properties in order to deal with the numerical approximation. In this sense, different numerical procedures that preserve the Hamiltonian and multi-symplectic structures are discussed and illustrated with numerical experiments

Urgencias pediátricas atendidas en una consulta de atención primaria (II): estudio epidemiológico

ObjetivosAnalizar los motivos de consulta (MC), diagnósticos, tratamientos, pruebas complementarias (PC), resolución en atención primaria, derivaciones y antecedentes personales de las urgencias de una consulta de pediatría.DiseñoEstudio prospectivo, longitudinal, durante los días laborables de semanas alternas comprendidas entre el 1 de julio de 1996 y el 30 de junio de 1997.EmplazamientoConsulta de pediatría, urbana, del turno de tarde (14-21 horas), del Equipo de Atención Primaria (EAP) Vicente Soldevilla de Vallecas (Madrid).ParticipantesPoblación adscrita al EAP: 2.890 niños de 0-14 años.ResultadosSe atendieron 723 urgencias. Los principales MC fueron: fiebre (42,7%), síntomas catarrales (18,9%) y traumatismos (9,1%). Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron la amigdalitis/foco ORL (21,7%), el catarro de vías altas (CVA) (15,9%) y la gastroenteritis aguda (8,3%). En un 18,8% se realizó alguna PC (radiografías [44,9%] y urocultivos [43,4%]). Los tratamientos más frecuentes fueron los fármacos antitérmicos-analgésicos-antiinflamatorios (41,8%), antibióticos (19,7%), tolerancia oral y/o dietas (9,8%) y tratamiento traumatológico (5,2%). Se realizó tratamiento en el centro de salud en un 14,9%, siendo el 69,5% tratamientos traumatológicos. Se solucionó un 95,8% de las consultas. Las derivaciones más frecuentes (78,2%) se debieron a traumatismos.ConclusionesLa fiebre y los síntomas catarrales fueron los MC más frecuentes en menores de 10 años y los traumatismos en mayores de 10 años. La amigdalitis/foco ORL y el CVA fueron los diagnósticos más frecuentes en menores de 10 años y los traumatismos en mayores de 10 años. Las PC más solicitadas fueron las radiografías y los urocultivos. Los tratamientos más prescritos fueron fármacos antitérmicos-analgésicos-antiinflamatorios. En el centro de salud se realizaron fundamentalmente tratamientos traumatológicos. La atención primaria es un filtro eficaz de las urgencias hospitalarias. Los traumatismos fueron la principal causa de derivación al hospital.ObjectivesTo analyse the reasons for consultation (RC), diagnoses, treatments, further tests (FC), whether resolved at PC level, referrals and personal history, at a paediatrics emergency clinic.DesignA prospective, longitudinal study, during the working days of alternate weeks between July 1 1996 and June 30 1997.SettingUrban paediatrics clinic, on the afternoon shift (2 to 9 p.m.), of the Vicente Soldevilla Primary Care Team (PCT) in Vallecas (Madrid).ParticipantsPopulation registered with the PCT: 2890 children between 0 and 14.Results723 emergencies were attended. The main RC were: temperature (42.7%), catarrh (18.9%) and physical traumas (9.1%). The most common diagnoses were: tonsillitis/ ENT focus (21.7%), upper passage catarrh (UPC) (15.9%) and acute gastro-enteritis (8.3%). 18.8% had some further test (x-rays 44.9% and urine cultures 43.4%). The most common treatments were antithermic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs (41.8%), antibiotics (19.7%), oral tolerance and/or diets (9.8%) and trauma treatment (5.2%). 14.9% were treated at the health centre, 69.5% of which were trauma treatments. 95.8% of the consultations were resolved. The most common referrals (78.2%) were due to trauma.ConclusionsTemperature and catarrh symptoms were the most common RC in children under 10, and trauma in children over 10. Tonsillitis/ENT focus and UPC were the most common diagnoses in the under-10s, and trauma in the over-10s. Most requested further tests were X-rays and urine cultures. Most commonly prescribed medicines were antithermic, analgesic and antiinflammatory drugs. Mainly trauma treatments were done at the health centre. Primary care is an effective filter of hospital emergencies. Traumas were the main cause of referrals to hospital

Sinergia entre la Gestión de la Calidad y la Prevención de Riesgos Laborales.

Tradicionalmente, se ha orientado la gestión de la calidad hacia el producto, el cliente y el contrato. En función de estos tres pilares, se han desarrollado procedimientos de trabajo que aseguraran la calidad del producto conforme a los requerimientos d

Multi-domain VNF mapping algorithms

5G technologies are taking benefit of the Network Function Virtualization to achieve more flexible deployments. This new paradigm allows the resource sharing between operators in federated environments thanks to the decomposition of services into virtual network functions connected together composing a "service function chain". This work proposes algorithms to solve the placement of such chains in federated multi-domain scenarios satisfying imposed restrictions in terms of resource sharing. Algorithms run on top of an implemented simulator for federated scenarios where multiple operators are involved. Two of our proposed solutions reach O(N) running times in certain scenarios. Our results also show that we achieve acceptance ratios very similar to those obtained using a tabu meta-heuristic implementation.This work has been partially supported by the EU H2020 5G Exchange (5GEx) innovation project (grant no. 671636) and by EU H2020 5G-Transformer Project (grant no. 761536)