Diferenciación de carnes de jabalí europeo (Sus scrofa scrofa) y cerdo doméstico (Sus scrofa domestica) mediante el análisis por PCR de la región mitocondrial D-loop y el gen nuclear MC1R

En este trabajo se describe la diferenciación de carnes procedentes de jabalí europeo (Sus scrofa scrofa) y cerdo doméstico (Sus scrofa domestica) mediante el análisis por PCR de la región mitocondrial D-loop y del gen nuclear que codifica para el receptor 1 de la melanocortina (MC1R). La discriminación por PCR-RFLP de jabalí y cerdo en la región D loop no fue posible. Sin embargo, la técnica de PCR-RFLP desarrollada en el gen MC1R determinó perfiles de bandas característicos que permitieron la diferenciación de jabalí y cerdo mediante el empleo de las endonucleasas BspHI y BstUI.This work describes the differentiation of European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) and domestic swine (Sus scrofa domestica) meats by PCR targeting sequences from the mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop) region and the nuclear melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) gene. Detailed analysis of every D-loop sequence obtained indicated that PCR RFLP differentiation between wild and domestic Sus scrofa meats was not possible. Nevertheless, the PCR-RFLP technique developed targeting the MC1R gene generated characteristic PCR–RFLP profiles that allowed discrimination among meats from wild and domestic swine specimens using BspHI and BstUI endonucleases

Detección de ADN de pescado en piensos vegetales mediante una técnica de PCR en tiempo real

A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using SYBR green detection system has been developed for detection of fishmeal in feedstuffs. The real-time PCR method combines the use of fish-specific primers that amplify a 87 bp fragment of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene from fish species, and universal primers that amplify a 99 bp fragment of the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene from eukaryotic DNA. The PCR method developed was applied to fish tissues/oats binary mixtures demonstrating its suitability for the detection of fish DNA in mixtures containing as low as 0.1% of fish tissues.Se ha desarrollado una técnica de PCR en tiempo real, utilizando el agente intercalador fluorescente SYBR® Green, para la detección cuantitativa de la presencia de harinas de pescado en piensos. El método combina el uso de cebadores específicos de pescado que amplifican un fragmento de 87 pb del gen mitocondrial ARNr 12S, junto a cebadores universales que amplifican un fragmento conservado de 99 pb del gen nuclear ARNr 18S en el ADN de los organismos eucariotas. La técnica desarrollada permitió detectar y cuantificar hasta un 0,1% de ADN de pescado en mezclas experimentales de pescado/avena

Detección específica de Arcobacter Butzleri en carne de pollo mediante una técnica de PCR

En este trabajo se describe el desarrollo de una técnica de PCR para la detección específica de Arcobacter butzleri en carne fresca de pollo empleando cebadores específicos de especie diseñados en gen 16S ARN ribosómico. Los cebadores seleccionados amplifican un fragmento de 195 pb en A. butzleri, sin producir señal de amplificación en otras especies de Arcobacter, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, ni en otros microorganismos presentes en los alimentos. La técnica de PCR se ha aplicado al análisis de 42 muestras comerciales de carne fresca de pollo adquiridas en diversos comercios minoristas. Tras un pre enriquecimiento selectivo durante 18 h a 30ºC, A. butzleri se detectó en un 85,7% de las muestras analizadas. Se observó una total concordancia entre los resultados obtenidos por PCR y el método convencional de recuento en placas de agar selectivo.A PCR technique was developed for the specific detection of Arcobacter butzleri in fresh chicken meat using species-specific primers designed on the 16S ribosomal ARN gene. The selected primers amplify a 195 bp fragment from A. butzleri whereas no PCR product is generated for other Arcobacter, Campylobacter, Helicobacter species, and other food bacteria. The PCR technique was used to screen 42 retail-purchased chicken samples for the presence of A. butzleri. Following a selective enrichment for 18 h at 30ºC, A butzleri was detected in 85.7% of the analyzed samples, showing a total concordance between the PCR results and the conventional selective plating method

Autentificación de carne y productos cárnicos procedentes de codorniz, faisán, perdiz y pintada mediante una técnica de PCR con cebadores especie-específicos

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on oligonucleotide primers targeting the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene has been applied to the specific identification of meats from quail (Coturnix coturnix), pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), partridge (Alectoris spp), and guinea fowl (Numida meleagris)

Utilización del gen Alt a 1 para la detección de Alternaria spp. en productos hortofrutícolas mediante una técnica de PCR

Se ha desarrollado una técnica de PCR para la detección de Alternaria spp. En productos hortofrutícolas, empleando cebadores que amplifican un fragmento de 195 pb del gen Alt a 1. El límite de detección de la técnica desarrollada fue de 102 ufc/ml, tanto en medio de cultivo como en pulpa de tomate.A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, based on oligonucleotide primers targeting the Alt a 1 gene, has been developed for the specific identification of Alternaria spp. In vegetables. The limit of detection of the method was 102 cfu/ml either in culture or tomato paste

An Experience in Integrated Knowledge about Manufacturing Technologies for Students of the Grades of Industrial Engineering

AbstractIn the development of the specific skills in the field of industrial engineering, the transversality of the contents of each area of knowledge must be considered. This paper shows how the integration of the contents of different areas (such as materials, manufacturing, design, etc.) is performed in order to allow students to enhance their transversal skills. For this, a specific product is proposed as “learning object”. The analysis, to be made by the students, includes all the aspects regarding technical and economic feasibility, and manufacturing optimization of the product. The article also shows the analysis of the work environment and the established methodology by an interdisciplinary group of university teachers from different areas: materials, manufacturing and design who have contributed with their knowledge in the specific problem

A conjugate for the Bargmann representation

In the Bargmann representation of quantum mechanics, physical states are mapped into entire functions of a complex variable z*, whereas the creation and annihilation operators $\hat{a}^\dagger$ and $\hat{a}$ play the role of multiplication and differentiation with respect to z*, respectively. In this paper we propose an alternative representation of quantum states, conjugate to the Bargmann representation, where the roles of $\hat{a}^\dagger$ and $\hat{a}$ are reversed, much like the roles of the position and momentum operators in their respective representations. We derive expressions for the inner product that maintain the usual notion of distance between states in the Hilbert space. Applications to simple systems and to the calculation of semiclassical propagators are presented.Comment: 15 page

Constraints on the Polarization of the Anomalous Microwave Emission in the Perseus Molecular Complex from 7-year WMAP data

We have used the seven year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data in order to update the measurements of the intensity signal in the G159.6-18.5 region within the Perseus Molecular Complex, and to set constraints on the polarization level of the anomalous microwave emission in the frequency range where this emission is dominant. At 23, 33 and 41 GHz, we obtain upper limits on the fractional linear polarization of 1.0, 1.8 and 2.7% respectively (with a 95 per cent confidence level). These measurements rule out a significant number of models based on magnetic dipole emission of grains that consist of a simple domain (Draine & Lazarian 1999) as responsible of the anomalous emission. When combining our results with the measurement obtained with the COSMOSOMAS experiment at 11 GHz (Battistelli et al. 2006), we find consistency with the predictions of the electric dipole and resonance relaxation theory (Lazarian & Draine 2000) at this frequency range.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, ApJ submitte

The QUIJOTE experiment: project overview and first results

QUIJOTE (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife) is a new polarimeter aimed to characterize the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and other Galactic and extragalactic signals at medium and large angular scales in the frequency range 10-40 GHz. The multi-frequency (10-20~GHz) instrument, mounted on the first QUIJOTE telescope, saw first light on November 2012 from the Teide Observatory (2400~m a.s.l). During 2014 the second telescope has been installed at this observatory. A second instrument at 30~GHz will be ready for commissioning at this telescope during summer 2015, and a third additional instrument at 40~GHz is now being developed. These instruments will have nominal sensitivities to detect the B-mode polarization due to the primordial gravitational-wave component if the tensor-to-scalar ratio is larger than r=0.05.Comment: To appear in "Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics VIII", Proceedings of the XI Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society, Teruel, Spain (2014

LINHE Project: Development of new protocols for the integration of digital cameras and LiDAR, NIR and Hyperspectral sensors.

The LINHE project aims to develop applications for forest management based on the combined use of LiDAR data, images from spaceborne (multi and hyperspectral) and airborne sensors (panchromatic, colour, near infrared), and NIR field data from a portable sensor. The integration of the different types of data should be performed in a rapid, intuitive, cost-effective and dynamic way. In order to achieve this objective, new algorithms were developed and existing ones were tested, for the correlation of data collected in the field and those gathered by the different sensors. Specific software (LINHE prototype viewer) was developed to support data gathering and consultations, and it was tested in three different forest ecosystems, so as to validate the tool for forest management purposes. The optimisation of the synergic capabilities derived from the combined use of the different sensors will allow the enhancement of their efficiency and provide accurate information for operational forestry