335 research outputs found

    La comunicación como herramienta de intervención en el ámbito de los consumos problemáticos de drogas en Iberoamérica

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    Comunicación oral presentada en la Segunda Conferencia Internacional de Comunicación en Salud, celebrada el 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de MadridIntroducción: desarrollar unos talleres sobre el manejo de la información y la comunicación en el ámbito de los consumos problemáticos de drogas. Además, el encuentro entre ONG, Gobiernos y medios de comunicación. Objetivos: Mejorar el manejo de la información y la comunicación en el ámbito de los consumos problemático de drogas; Mejorar la formación en drogas de los profesionales de los medios de comunicación; Mejorar la capacitación en comunicación de las ONG y administraciones públicas; Fomentar la colaboración entre ONG, Gobiernos y medios de comunicación; Capacitar en el manejo de la comunicación como una herramienta de cambio social e individual para los problemas asociados a consumo de drogas. Metodología: tras analizar la bibliografía, se analizaron los resultados de experiencias colaborativas sobre este tema como el Grupo de Medios de Comunicación del Foro la Sociedad Ante las Drogas. Después se mantuvieron encuentros de trabajo con ONG, Gobiernos y medios de comunicación. Posteriormente se elaboraron los materiales y se recogieron informaciones de los medios. Se planificaron y se desarrollaron los talleres. Resultados: 400 personas se han capacitado para utilizar la información y la comunicación como una herramienta de trabajo en intervenciones relacionadas con el consumo problemático de drogas. 12 talleres en 6 países. Se ha difundido el programa entre 5.000 especialistas de 50 países. Conclusiones: más allá de la capacitación,el trabajo conjunto y colaborativo de ONG, medios de comunicación y gobiernos permite mejorar la información y la comunicación sobre problemas asociados al consumo de drogas. Reconocimiento. Este programa obtuvo, en 2014 el ‘Reconocimiento a las Buenas Prácticas en responsabilidad social’ otorgado por la Fundación Grupo Develop

    Synthesis of Enantiopure Oxygen- and Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles by Diastereoselective Ring-Closing Metathesis Reaction in Perhydro-1,3-benzoxazine Derivatives

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    Producción CientíficaDiastereoselective ring‐closing metathesis reactions on chiral trienic perhydro‐1,3‐benzoxazines derived from (−)‐8‐aminomenthol featuring two diastereotopic olefin chains is described. The diastereochemical outcome of the cyclization appeared to be dependent on the length and position of the olefin chains in perhydro‐1,3‐benzoxazine, the degree of substitution of the double bonds and the ruthenium catalyst used. After separation of the diastereomers, and removal of the chiral auxiliary, enantiopure oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐containing heterocycles were obtained.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project FEDER-CTQ2014-59870-P)Junta de Castilla y León (Ref. Project FEDER-VA115P17

    Alleviation of anomalies from the nonoscillatory vacuum in loop quantum cosmology

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    In this work, we investigate observational signatures of a primordial power spectrum with exponential infrared suppression, motivated by the choice of a nonoscillatory vacuum in a bouncing and inflationary geometry within loop quantum cosmology. We leave the parameter that defines the scale at which suppression occurs free and perform a Bayesian analysis, comparing with cosmic microwave background data. The data show a preference for some of the suppression to be within the observable window. Guided by this analysis, we choose concrete illustrative values for this parameter. We show that the model affects only slightly the parity anomaly, but it is capable of alleviating the lensing and power suppression anomalies.Spanish Government through the projects PID2020– 118159 GB-C43, PID2020–118159GB-C44, and PID2019–105943GB-I00 (with FEDER contribution)Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research Grant No. SFRH/BD/143525/2019“Operative Program FEDER2014-2020 Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento” under project E-FQM-262-UGR18 by Universidad de Granad

    La crisis petrolera de 1973: repercusiones económicas, institucionales y de pensamiento económico

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    Este Trabajo de fin de Grado tiene como objetivo analizar las repercusiones socioeconómicas que la crisis petrolera de 1973 tuvo sobre las principales economías del mundo y en España. Las economías desarrolladas de Occidente, grandes consumidoras de esta fuente energética, se vieron muy afectadas al subir, rápidamente, los costes de producción. Otros efectos derivados, como la subida de los precios y del desempleo, aceleraron la crisis industrial y mostraron la otra cara de la segunda globalización: los peligros que los conflictos políticos y la dependencia energética podían acarrear sobre el crecimiento y el bienestar económico. Para analizar las repercusiones socioeconómicas del shock petrolero de 1973, los datos de PIB, PIB per cápita, inflación y desempleo constituyen las principales fuentes de estudio. Los resultados muestran que la crisis petrolera provocó una ralentización del crecimiento económico, una espiral inflacionista y un aumento del desempleo, además de una crisis del Estado de bienestar. En España, los efectos de la crisis se agravaron por la falta de autoridad económica de los últimos gobiernos de Franco y los primeros de la Transición. En el campo de la doctrina económica, la crisis de 1973 supuso el descrédito de las políticas keynesianas y el triunfo del neoliberalismo

    ¿Qué Método Utilizar Para Estimar la Temperatura estática de una formación de Petróleo?

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    Conocer la temperatura estática de una formación de petróleo es importante a la hora de evaluar y terminar un pozo. Existe una gran variedad de métodos para la determinación de esta temperatura. Cada método utiliza hipótesis y simplificaciones distintas que llevan a estimaciones diferentes, en algunos casos bastante alejadas del valor real. Esto hace difícil saber qué método utilizar. En este trabajo, se aplican los métodos de cálculo más comunes - Horner (HM), flujo radial y esférico (SRM), de las dos medidas (TLM) y de fuente de calor cilíndrica (CSM)- a cuatro pozos distintos. Se describe cómo aplicarlos en casos reales. Se presta especial atención a establecer los datos necesarios en cada caso: propiedades termo-físicas y número de medidas, y se proporcionan criterios para estimarlos en caso de no conocer su valor real. Como conclusiones a este trabajo se presentan una serie de pautas que permiten seleccionar el método de cálculo más conveniente en función de la información de que se dispong

    A Practical Environment to Apply Model-Driven Web Engineering

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    The application of a model-driven paradigm in the development of Web Systems has yielded very good research results. Several research groups are defining metamodels, transformations, and tools which offer a suitable environment, known as model-driven Web engineering (MDWE). However, there are very few practical experiences in real Web system developments using real development teams. This chapter presents a practical environment of MDWE based on the use of NDT (navigational development techniques) and Java Web systems, and it provides a practical evaluation of its application within a real project: specialized Diraya.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2007-67843-C06-03Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2007-30391-

    Predictive models for the characterization of internal defects in additive materials from active thermography sequences supported by machine learning methods

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    The present article addresses a generation of predictive models that assesses the thickness and length of internal defects in additive manufacturing materials. These modes use data from the application of active transient thermography numerical simulation. In this manner, the raised procedure is an ad-hoc hybrid method that integrates finite element simulation and machine learning models using different predictive feature sets and characteristics (i.e., regression, Gaussian regression, support vector machines, multilayer perceptron, and random forest). The performance results for each model were statistically analyzed, evaluated, and compared in terms of predictive performance, processing time, and outlier sensibility to facilitate the choice of a predictive method to obtain the thickness and length of an internal defect from thermographic monitoring. The best model to predictdefect thickness with six thermal features was interaction linear regression. To make predictive models for defect length and thickness, the best model was Gaussian process regression. However, models such as support vector machines also had significative advantages in terms of processing time and adequate performance for certain feature sets. In this way, the results showed that the predictive capability of some types of algorithms could allow for the detection and measurement of internal defects in materials produced by additive manufacturing using active thermography as a non-destructive test.This research was funded by Ministry of Science and Innovation, Government of Spain, through the research project titled Fusion of non-destructive technologies and numerical simulation methods for the inspection and monitoring of joints in new materials and additive manufacturing processes (FaTIMA) with code RTI2018-099850-B-I00. The authors are grateful to the Fundación Universidad de Salamanca for the indirect support provided by the ITACA proof-of-concept project (PC_TCUE_18-20_047), being this helpful for some of the purposes of this article

    Dimethylzinc-Mediated Addition of Phenylacetylene to α-Diketones Catalyzed by Chiral Perhydro-1,3-benzoxazines

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    Producción CientíficaAn efficient enantioselective Me2Zn-mediated mono addition of phenylacetylene to α-diketones in the presence of a chiral perhydro-1,3-benzoxazine ligand is described. At temperatures higher than -20 ºC a kinetic resolution of the resulting α-hydroxy ketone occurs which greatly improves the enantioselectivity although with moderate chemical yield. The alkynylation of nonsymmetrical aromatic diketones with electronically different substituents on the aromatic rings proceed with high regioselectivity. This procedure allows the preparation of α-hydroxy-α-ynyl-ketones as highly enantioenriched materials.2018-07-07Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project CTQ2014-59870 P)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA064U13

    Geophysical Prospecting for Geothermal Resources in the South of the Duero Basin (Spain)

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    [EN]The geothermal resources in Spain have been a source of deep research in recent years and are, in general, well-defined. However, there are some areas where the records from the National Institute for Geology and Mining show thermal activity from different sources despite no geothermal resources being registered there. This is the case of the area in the south of the Duero basin where this research was carried out. Seizing the opportunity of a deep borehole being drilled in the location, some geophysical resources were used to gather information about the geothermal properties of the area. The employed geophysical methods were time-domain electromagnetics (TDEM) and borehole logging; the first provided information about the depth of the bedrock and the general geological structure, whereas the second one gave more detail on the geological composition of the different layers and a temperature record across the whole sounding. The results allowed us to establish the geothermal gradient of the area and to discern the depth of the bedrock. Using the first 200 m of the borehole logging, the thermal conductivity of the ground for shallow geothermal systems was estimated

    Monitoring and preliminary analysis of the natural responses recorded in a poorly accessible streambed spring located at a fluviokarstic gorge in Southern Spain

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    The analysis of natural responses (hydrodynamic, hydrothermal and hydrochemical) of karst springs is a well-established approach to provide insights into the hydrogeological functioning of the aquifers that they drain. However, a suitable monitoring program of these responses are often difficult to launch in poorly accessible streambed springs, due to the mixing between surface water and groundwater, in addition to topographic impediments. This work describes the installation procedure of the measurement equipment and the preliminary hydrogeological dataset collected at the Charco del Moro spring (Southern Spain) during one year. This outlet emerges 5 m below water surface, at the bottom of a partially flooded 20 - 200 m deep and 2 km long gorge, eroded by the Guadiaro River streamflow. It is considered the largest discharge point in the region, draining groundwater from northern nearby carbonate outcrops, although its catchment area is not established yet. Continuous (hourly) monitoring of electrical conductivity, water temperature, turbidity and water level (discharge) reflects a high degree of heterogeneity in the duality of groundwater flow and storage dynamics, which is typical of karst conduit flow systemsUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec
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