Una experiencia de autoevaluación y evaluación por compañeros

En el seminario permanente de innovación educativa en el que participamos nos hemos formado en el uso de la autoevaluación y la evaluación por compañeros para llevar a cabo la evaluación continua que ha venido de la mano de los nuevos grados. Este trabajo presenta la puesta en marcha de estas estrategias en una asignatura de Informática del Grado en Traducción e Interpretación de nuestra universidad, junto a unos primeros resultados.SUMMARY -- On the way to incorporate continuous evaluation coming from the hand of new degrees, we have been trained in auto-assessment and peer-assessment through the permanent seminar on innovation in education we take part in. This paper presents the start-up of the studied assessment techniques on the Computing subject in a Bachelor Degree in Translation and Interpreting, as well as the early obtained results

Aspectos médico-legales de las agresiones al personal sanitario y su consideración como delito de atentado

Producción CientíficaEn los últimos años venimos asistiendo a una proliferación de casos judiciales de profesionales sanitarios que, con ocasión de la prestación de la asistencia sanitaria con agredidos o maltratados de palabra o físicamente por pacientes descontentos. Las agresiones a los profesionales de los servicios sanitarios, por pacientes o sus familiares y acompañantes, es otra de las manifestaciones de una intolerancia creciente. Y no sólo en nuestro medio si no también en países de nuestro entorno. En este trabajo, destacamos la importancia que ha tenido el reconocimiento, por parte del Tribunal Supremo, de la consideración de “delito de atentado” como modalidad agravada de las agresiones contra los profesionales sanitarios, con una primera sentencia dictada el 4 de diciembre 2007. Sin embargo, aún falta una resolución en el mismo sentido de este tribunal para que se cree jurisprudencia. La importancia reside en que con esta calificación los agresores se enfrentan a penas de cárcel, mayores indemnizaciones y el agresor tendrá antecedentes penales, por lo que será más ejemplarizante y tendrá un positivo efecto disuasorio

El acoso psicológico en el trabajo o mobbing: Patología emergente

Producción CientíficaEl objetivo de este artículo es resaltar la importancia del acoso psicológico en el trabajo “mobbing”, es un problema de salud pública considerado así por las Naciones Unidas (ONU), tipificado por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) y es un delito en nuestro Código Penal Español. La Directiva marco 89/391/CEE sobre salud y seguridad en el trabajo, pretenden proteger la salud de los trabajadores, constatando que había un 8 % de empleados de la Unión Europea que sufrían acoso laboral o mobbing, acordando trasponer a los ordenamientos internos medidas de protección de la salud laboral e integridad de los trabajadores. Analizaremos los perfiles más frecuentes tanto de la víctima del acoso como del acosador. Así como, las graves consecuencias del acoso o mobbing tanto a nivel psíquico, como físico y social

Análisis ético y médico-legal de la eutanasia en la unión europea

En esta comunicación estudiamos la legalización de la eutanasia en Europa, tenemos múltiples diferencias dependiendo de unos países a otros: en España a día de hoy podemos decir que ni la eutanasia ni el suicidio asistido o eutanásico están legalizados, y su práctica tiene responsabilidad penal, Holanda fue el primer país del mundo en legalizar la eutanasia y suicidio asistido desde el año 2002, al igual que en Bélgica que además es el primer país del mundo en legalizar la práctica de la eutanasia infantil sin límite de edad, también en Luxemburgo se legaliza la eutanasia desde el año 2009 y en Suiza está legalizado el suicidio asistido incluso para personas que no residen en Suiza. En Alemania el suicidio asistido no está penalizado, en Francia existe una Ley Leonetti del año 2005 Ley sobre Enfermos Terminales, en Italia al igual que en Portugal existe una Ley sobre el testamento biológico o vital. Y el reino Unido que es el país fundador de los cuidados paliativos, es uno de los lugares más firmes contra el suicidio asistido. En la gran mayoría de los estados americanos en 34 está prohibido el suicidio asistido solamente está legalizado en tres estados americanos: Estado de Oregón desde el año 1997, Estado de Washington desde el año 2008 y en el Estado de Montana desde el año 2009. Pensamos que se debe apostar por políticas que aunque sean menos económicas fomenten el desarrollo de los cuidados paliativos (“Care not killing”) para paliar el dolor y el sufrimiento: dignificar la vida y no la muerte.In this paper we study the legalization of euthanasia in Europe, we have many differences depending on each country: Currently in Spain we can say that neither euthanasia nor assisted suicide are legalized , and its practice can be held criminally liable. Holland was the first country to legalize euthanasia and assisted suicide in 2002 , as in Belgium which is also the first country to legalize the practice of euthanasia on children of any age , and euthanasia was also legalized in Luxembourg in2009 and assisted suicide is legal in in Switzerland even for non-residents. Assisted suicide is penalised in Germany, in France there exists a Leonetti Law Act for terminally patients from 2005, in Italy as well as in Portugal there is a law on the biological or living will . And the UK country, which is the founding country of palliative care , is one of the strongest places now against assisted suicide. In the vast majority of American states ( in 34 specifically) assisted suicide is prohibited , being legal in only three of its states . Oregon State in1997 , State of Washington in 2008 and in the State of Montana in 2009. We think that we should invest in policies which, even though they are less economical, they can as well promote the development of palliative care ( " care not killing" ) to help with pain and suffering : bring dignity to life and not to death

Factors Relating to Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Pain Management in Inpatients

Purpose: To describe factors associated with nurses’ attitudes or lack of knowledge regarding pain management in adult inpatients. Design: Transverse descriptive survey-based study. Methods: This was a transverse descriptive survey-based study. The population was obtained through non probabilistic convenience sampling. The Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain was made available to 470 nurses at a tertiary level hospital. Associations were sought with the unit where assigned, years of experience, specific training on pain, and postgraduate education. Results: The sample included 134 nurses with a mean age of 41.6 ± 10.8 years; 87% were women, 64% worked rotating shifts, 64% had more than 10 years of experience, and 31% had specific training in pain management. The greatest number of correct responses was obtained from nurses with specific training in pain management (p ¼ .001) and nurses who worked in units of surgical hospitalization (p ¼ .004). The lack of training was associated with a deficit in knowledge and inadequate attitudes about pain management. In nurses with less than 10 years of experience, worse results were observed in knowledge, whereas the unit of work was decisive in the results about attitude (p < .05). Conclusions: Among the nurses surveyed, some knowledge gaps were detected, as were certain inap propriate attitudes, associated with lack of training, lack of experience, and being assigned to specific hospitalization units.S

Effect of mycoviruses on the virulence of Fusarium circinatum and laccase activity

Producción CientíficaLaccase enzymes (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2) play a major role in the degradation of phenolic compounds such as lignin. They are common in fungi and have been suggested to participate in host colonization by pathogenic fungi. Putative mycoviruses have recently been isolated from the causal agent of pine pitch canker disease, Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg & O'Donell. In this study, the effects of single and double mycoviral infections on laccase activity, growth rate and pathogenicity were investigated in fourteen F. circinatum strains. Extracellular laccase activity was analyzed by the Bavendamm test, image processing and a spectrophotometric method. Mycelial growth, in vivo pathogenicity and seedling survival probability were also determined in Monterrey pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) seedlings. The findings showed that (i) mycelial growth of isolates from the same fungal population was homogeneous, (ii) the presence of mycovirus appears to increase the virulence of fungal isolates, (iii) co-infection (with two mycoviruses) caused cryptic effects in fungal isolates, and (iv) laccases embody a possible auxiliary tool in fungal infection. The prospects for biocontrol, the adaptive role of F. circinatum mycoviruses and the importance of laccase enzymes in host colonization are discussed.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project AGL2012-39912

Bulimia Nervosa, Borderline Personality Disorder, and Executive Functions: Treatment and Follow-up in a Case Study

This study describes the clinical case of a 20-year-old woman diagnosed with bulimia nervosa (BN), borderline personality disorder (BPD), and impaired executive functioning. The objectives were to: 1) Determine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectic behavioral therapy (DBT) in a case of BN and BPD comorbidity, evaluating the improvement of specific parameters related to eating disorders (BN) and aspects of BPD after treatment (posttreatment) and at 1-year follow-up; and 2) Determine whether the psychological intervention of choice for BN and BPD is also of benefit for alteration of executive functions. She was assessed at three time points: pretreatment, posttreatment, and at 12-month follow-up. The instruments used were EDI-3, SCL-90-R, MCMI-III, ring test, and WCST. CBT and DBT were applied for 11 months. The results at 1-year follow-up showed a decrease in the characteristic symptomatology of BN and BPD, whereas executive functioning impairments did not show any improvement. It was concluded that a specific unit on neuropsychological rehabilitation must be included in the treatment protocol for patients with these characteristics. However, more research is still necessary to provide an answer to the open debate on whether alterations of executive functions are previous to or consequences of ED

Actividad cicatrizante in vivo del polvo carbonizado de Punica granatum Linn y Eichhornia crassipes

Introducción: Las especies vegetales constituyen el remedio primero a los problemas de salud que aquejan a las personas. La granada es rica en ácido ascórbico, mejora la barrera epidérmica y reduce la contracción de las heridas. La flor de agua posee actividad antibacteriana. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto cicatrizante del polvo carbonizado de Punica granatum Linn (granada) y de Eichhornia crassipes (flor de agua), en un modelo experimental en ratas. Métodos: Estudio analítico experimental con el empleo 30 ratas macho distribuidas en 3 grupos (n= 10). Grupo I y II; tratadas con el polvo carbonizado de la granada y flor de agua respectivamente. Grupo III: Tratadas con cloruro de sodio al 0,9 %. Se realizó un modelo de herida por escisión en el dorso. La evolución de la cicatrización fue seguida por la velocidad de contracción de la herida en milímetros. Se realizó histología sobre biopsias de tejido cicatrizado. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó la prueba no paramétrica de Mann- Whitney. El nivel de significación se fijó en p < 0,05. Resultados: Se comprobó el efecto cicatrizante de los polvos carbonizados de la granada y flor de agua; disminuyó el área de las heridas de manera significativa respecto al grupo control. El estudio histológico mostró dermis madura grado III en los grupos I y II. Conclusiones: La aplicación tópica del polvo carbonizado de granada y de flor de agua influyó sobre el cierre de las heridas y en la maduración de la dermis, por lo cual favoreció la cicatrización

A proof-of-concept clinical trial using mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency

Producción CientíficaOcular stem cell transplantation derived from either autologous or allogeneic donor corneoscleral junction is a functional cell therapy to manage extensive and/or severe limbal stem cell deficiencies that lead to corneal epithelial failure. Mesenchymal stem cells have been properly tested in animal models of this ophthalmic pathology, but never in human eyes despite their potential advantages. We conducted a 6- to 12-month proof-of-concept, randomized, and double-masked pilot trial to test whether allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (MSCT], n = 17) was as safe and as equally efficient as allogeneic cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET), (n = 11) to improve corneal epithelial damage due to limbal stem cell deficiency. Primary endpoints demanded combination of symptoms, signs, and the objective improvement of the epithelial phenotype in central cornea by in vivo confocal microscopy. This proof-of-concept trial showed that MSCT was as safe and efficacious as CLET. Global success at 6–12 months was 72.7%–77.8% for CLET cases and 76.5%–85.7% for MSCT cases (not significant differences). Central corneal epithelial phenotype improved in 71.4% and 66.7% of MSCT and CLET cases, respectively at 12 months (P = 1.000). There were no adverse events related to cell products. This trial suggests first evidence that MSCT facilitated improvement of a diseased corneal epithelium due to lack of its stem cells as efficiently as CLET. Consequently, not only CLET but also MSCT deserves more preclinical investigational resources before the favorable results of this proof-of-concept trial could be transformed into the larger numbers of the multicenter trials that would provide stronger evidence. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01562002.)Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social (project SAS/2481/2009)Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León (grant SAN 1178/200)Red de Terapia Celular TerCel (project RD12/0019/0036

Beneficial Shifts in the Gut Bacterial Community of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Juveniles Supplemented with Allium-Derived Compound Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO)

This study analyzes the potential use of an Allium-derived compound, propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), as a functional feed additive in aquaculture. Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles had their diet supplemented with this Allium-derived compound (150 mg/kg of PTSO) and were compared with control fish. The effects of this organosulfur compound were tested by measuring the body weight and analyzing the gut microbiota after 12 weeks. The relative abundance of potentially pathogenic Vibrio and Pseudomonas in the foregut and hindgut of supplemented fish significantly decreased, while potentially beneficial Lactobacillus increased compared to in the control fish. Shannon’s alpha diversity index significantly increased in both gut regions of fish fed with a PTSO-supplemented diet. Regarding beta diversity, significant differences between treatments only appeared in the hindgut when minority ASVs were taken into account. No differences occurred in body weight during the experiment. These results indicate that supplementing the diet with Allium-derived PTSO produced beneficial changes in the intestinal microbiota while maintaining the productive parameters of gilthead seabream juveniles.AQUAHEALTH project (Operational Programme Smart Growth 2014-2020) IDI-20170032FEDER-INNTERCONECTA-CDTI 2018, Centro para el Desarrollo Industrial, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness ITC-20181099Programa Operativo de Empleo Juvenil (Fondo Social Europeo, Junta de Andalucia) 612