Investigating livestock management in the early Neolithic archaeological site of Cabecicos Negros (Almería, Spain) from the organic residue analysis in pottery

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MThis paper seeks to reconstruct the management of food resources in the early Neolithic site of Cabecicos Negros in southeastern Spain. For this purpose, we have studied 29 potsherds from Cabecicos Negros (Andalusia, Spain). Applying the methods of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry we were able to recompose the daily use of the sherds related to the consumption and storage of food products. Among the results obtained in this work, we were able to show new evidence of the exploitation of dairy products in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, as well as provide information on the exploitation and management of the early domestic animals herds. To improve the archaeological results obtained, isotopic results were compared with a modern reference of 53 fat samples from the adipose tissue of domestic pigs and wild boars

Autolesiones no suicidas en adolescentes: revisión de los tratamientos psicológicos

Self-harm in teenagers has become more important in recent years, given its increased prevalence and the greater risk involved of making a suicidal attempt and developing a borderline personality disorder or a major depressive disorder. We aim to review the literature as to psychological treatments for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI).  Studies assessing a psychotherapeutic intervention for self-harm have been included.  The results indicate that no treatment for self-harm has demonstrated enough evidence in adolescents. Mentalization based therapy (MBT-A) has shown efficacy in one study and the dialectical behavior therapy (DBT-A) has shown efficacy. However, the variety and heterogeneity of results make it difficult to draw more specific conclusions, such as regards the effective active components. Criteria and instruments in the field of the treatment of NSSI need to be standardized in order to improve the validity and clinical utility of results.Las autolesiones en adolescentes han adquirido mayor relevancia en los últimos años, por el aumento de prevalencia, el mayor riesgo de realizar una tentativa autolítica y de desarrollar un trastorno límite de la personalidad o un trastorno depresivo mayor.  Nuestro objetivo es revisar la bibliografía referente a tratamientos psicológicos para las autolesiones no suicidas (non-suicidal self-injury; NSSI).  Se incluyen estudios que evalúan una intervención psicoterapéutica para el tratamiento de las autolesiones.   Los resultados indican que ningún tratamiento para las autolesiones ha demostrado suficiente evidencia en adolescentes.  La terapia basada en mentalización (MBT-A) ha demostrado eficacia en un estudio y la terapia dialéctica-conductual (DBT-A) ha demostrado efectividad. La variedad y heterogeneidad de resultados dificulta extraer conclusiones más específicas, como cuáles son los componentes activos eficaces.  Valoramos la necesidad de estandarizar criterios e instrumentos en el campo del tratamiento de las autolesiones para mejorar la validez y utilidad de los resultados

Risk factors for non-diabetic renal disease in diabetic patients

Background: Diabetic patients with kidney disease have a high prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). Renal and patient survival regarding the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) or NDRD have not been widely studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of NDRD in patients with diabetes and to determine the capacity of clinical and analytical data in the prediction of NDRD. In addition, we will study renal and patient prognosis according to the renal biopsy findings in patients with diabetes. Methods: Retrospective multicentre observational study of renal biopsies performed in patients with diabetes from 2002 to 2014. Results: In total, 832 patients were included: 621 men (74.6%), mean age of 61.7 ± 12.8 years, creatinine was 2.8 ± 2.2 mg/dL and proteinuria 2.7 (interquartile range: 1.2-5.4) g/24 h. About 39.5% (n = 329) of patients had DN, 49.6% (n = 413) NDRD and 10.8% (n = 90) mixed forms. The most frequent NDRD was nephroangiosclerosis (NAS) (n = 87, 9.3%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05, P < 0.001], microhaematuria (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.03-2.21, P = 0.033) and absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.19-0.42, P < 0.001) were independently associated with NDRD. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with DN or mixed forms presented worse renal prognosis than NDRD (P < 0.001) and higher mortality (P = 0.029). In multivariate Cox analyses, older age (P < 0.001), higher serum creatinine (P < 0.001), higher proteinuria (P < 0.001), DR (P = 0.007) and DN (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for renal replacement therapy. In addition, older age (P < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (P = 0.002), higher creatinine (P = 0.01) and DN (P = 0.015) were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions: The most frequent cause of NDRD is NAS. Elderly patients with microhaematuria and the absence of DR are the ones at risk for NDRD. Patients with DN presented worse renal prognosis and higher mortality than those with NDRD. These results suggest that in some patients with diabetes, kidney biopsy may be useful for an accurate renal diagnosis and subsequently treatment and prognosis