The impact of secondary cytoreductive surgery on survival in first recurrence of platinum sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer

Objective: Analyze the effect on survival of secondary cytoreduction surgery (SCS) in treatment of first recurrence platinumsensitive epithelial ovarian cancer (REOC). Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with first REOC who had platinum timefree interval (TFIp) > 6 months and were treated either with SCS followed by chemotherapy or chemotherapy only (CT). Clinical data such as patient’s performance status and number of sites with metastases were specifically assessed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results: Seventyone patients were treated either by SCS (n = 37) or CT (n = 34). Complete resection after SCS was achieved in 89% of patients. After a median followup of 51.2 months, median OS, and progressionfree survival (PFS) were 68.2 and 21.6 months, respectively, for the whole series of the SCS patients had better survival and disease progression survival than the CT only patients (HR: 0.33, 95%CI: 0.170.6; p= 0.001) and (HR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.150.5; p= 0.001), respectively. TFIp < 12 months and multiple metastases were most important prognostic factors for risk of death (HR: 7.7 and 6.2, respectively) and recurrence (HR: 5.8 and 3.8, respectively). Probability to undergo successful SCS is related to oligometastatic disease and no residual disease after first surgery (OR: 30.0 and 5.9, respectively). Conclusions: In women with REOC oligometastatic disease and no residual disease at first surgery are associated with successful SCS. In these patients oligometastatic disease and long platinum TFI are associated with improved probability of survival

Clinical Variables and Genetic Risk Factors Associated with the Acute Outcome of Ischemic Stroke : A Systematic Review

Stroke is a complex disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among the adult population. A huge variety of factors is known to influence patient outcome, including demographic variables, comorbidities or genetics. In this review, we expound what is known about the influence of clinical variables and related genetic risk factors on ischemic stroke outcome, focusing on acute and subacute outcome (within 24 to 48 hours after stroke and until day 10, respectively), as they are the first indicators of stroke damage. We searched the PubMed data base for articles that investigated the interaction between clinical variables or genetic factors and acute or subacute stroke outcome. A total of 61 studies were finally included in this review. Regarding the data collected, the variables consistently associated with acute stroke outcome are: glucose levels, blood pressure, presence of atrial fibrillation, prior statin treatment, stroke severity, type of acute treatment performed, severe neurological complications, leukocyte levels, and genetic risk factors. Further research and international efforts are required in this field, which should include genome-wide association studies

Clinical variables and genetic risk factors associated with the acute outcome of ischemic stroke : a systematic review

Stroke is a complex disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among the adult population. A huge variety of factors is known to influence patient outcome, including demographic variables, comorbidities or genetics. In this review, we expound what is known about the influence of clinical variables and related genetic risk factors on ischemic stroke outcome, focusing on acute and subacute outcome (within 24 to 48 hours after stroke and until day 10, respectively), as they are the first indicators of stroke damage. We searched the PubMed data base for articles that investigated the interaction between clinical variables or genetic factors and acute or subacute stroke outcome. A total of 61 studies were finally included in this review. Regarding the data collected, the variables consistently associated with acute stroke outcome are: glucose levels, blood pressure, presence of atrial fibrillation, prior statin treatment, stroke severity, type of acute treatment performed, severe neurological complications, leukocyte levels, and genetic risk factors. Further research and international efforts are required in this field, which should include genome-wide association studies.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of stroke — the second leading cause of death worldwide — were conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry1,2. Here, in cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of 110,182 patients who have had a stroke (five ancestries, 33% non-European) and 1,503,898 control individuals, we identify association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci: 60 in primary inverse-variance-weighted analyses and 29 in secondary meta-regression and multitrait analyses. On the basis of internal cross-ancestry validation and an independent follow-up in 89,084 additional cases of stroke (30% non-European) and 1,013,843 control individuals, 87% of the primary stroke risk loci and 60% of the secondary stroke risk loci were replicated (P < 0.05). Effect sizes were highly correlated across ancestries. Cross-ancestry fine-mapping, in silico mutagenesis analysis3, and transcriptome-wide and proteome-wide association analyses revealed putative causal genes (such as SH3PXD2A and FURIN) and variants (such as at GRK5 and NOS3). Using a three-pronged approach4, we provide genetic evidence for putative drug effects, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as possible targets, with drugs already under investigation for stroke for F11 and PROC. A polygenic score integrating cross-ancestry and ancestry-specific stroke GWASs with vascular-risk factor GWASs (integrative polygenic scores) strongly predicted ischaemic stroke in populations of European, East Asian and African ancestry5. Stroke genetic risk scores were predictive of ischaemic stroke independent of clinical risk factors in 52,600 clinical-trial participants with cardiometabolic disease. Our results provide insights to inform biology, reveal potential drug targets and derive genetic risk prediction tools across ancestries

Cirugía laparoscópica biliar

El siguiente artículo trata de exponer brevemente los posibles nuevos protocolos que se pueden aplicar en la patología biliar, a raíz de los cambios acaecidos con la aparición de las nuevas técnicas de cirugía biliar laparoscópica. Pretende realizar una síntesis de los últimos y más novedosos artículos sobre técnica quirúrgica y manejo en distintas patología biliares tales como coledocolitiasis o colecistitis. Se puede concluir que el manejo diferirá mucho según las capacidades técnicas de un centro sobre el que recaiga una de estas patologías. Por tanto, actualmente no se puede imponer un protocolo estándar para todo el mundo. Las diferencias entre colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica y colangiografía intraoperatoria laparoscópica, todavía están por demostrar, no pudiéndose generalizar sobre si una técnica tiene más indicación que la otra. Lo mismo se podría decir sobre si el acceso a la vía biliar principal debe hacerse desde el conducto cístico o por el contrario debe realizarse una coledocotomía. Palabras claves. Laparoscopia. Colangiografía. Coledocolitiasis. Colecistitis. Colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica

Cirugía bariátrica laparoscópica: bypass gástrico proximal

El espectacular aumento en la prevalencia de la obesidad en nuestra sociedad y las importantes complicaciones y comorbilidades que origina ha despertado el interés de científicos y público en esta patología. El tratamiento quirúrgico es en la actualidad el único tratamiento eficaz y duradero para la obesidad mórbida y en muchos casos, mejora sensiblemente e incluso cura definitivamente complicaciones asociadas como es el caso de la diabetes o la hipertensión. De entre las diversas técnicas de cirugía bariátrica, parece imponerse definitvamente el by-pass gástrico (BPG), al ofrecer un excelente balance entre pérdida de peso (>70% del exceso) y riesgo quirúrgico y calidad de vida posterior. La posiblidad de realizar esta técnica mediante un abordaje laparoscópico ha mejorado su aceptación por parte de médicos y pacientes al tiempo que ha permitido disminuir morbimortalidad, estancia y costes. El BPG proximal se realiza en aquellos pacientes con un IMC <60 Kg/m2; para mayores se realiza uno denominado como distal. Entre octubre de 2003 y noviembre de 2005 se han realizado en nuestro centro 55 BPG proximales en Y de Roux vía laparoscópica. Se trata de 42 mujeres y 13 varones de edad media de 44 años. El IMC medio es de 43,5 (35-55,8). La media de peso basal es de 116,15 Kg. No hubo mortalidad peroperatoria ni reintervenciones. El IMC medio a los 12 meses es de 28,4. La media de peso basal es de 74,2 Kg. El BPG proximal en Y de Roux vía laparoscópica es una técnica segura y eficaz para el tratamiento de la obesidad mórbida. Palabras clave. Obesidad. By-pass gástrico. Cirugía bariátrica

Clinical Variables and Genetic Risk Factors Associated with the Acute Outcome of Ischemic Stroke : A Systematic Review

Stroke is a complex disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among the adult population. A huge variety of factors is known to influence patient outcome, including demographic variables, comorbidities or genetics. In this review, we expound what is known about the influence of clinical variables and related genetic risk factors on ischemic stroke outcome, focusing on acute and subacute outcome (within 24 to 48 hours after stroke and until day 10, respectively), as they are the first indicators of stroke damage. We searched the PubMed data base for articles that investigated the interaction between clinical variables or genetic factors and acute or subacute stroke outcome. A total of 61 studies were finally included in this review. Regarding the data collected, the variables consistently associated with acute stroke outcome are: glucose levels, blood pressure, presence of atrial fibrillation, prior statin treatment, stroke severity, type of acute treatment performed, severe neurological complications, leukocyte levels, and genetic risk factors. Further research and international efforts are required in this field, which should include genome-wide association studies

Genome-wide association study of white blood cell counts in patients with ischemic stroke

[Background and Purpose] Immune cells play a key role in the first 24h poststroke (acute phase), being associated with stroke outcome. We aimed to find genetic risk factors associated with leukocyte counts during the acute phase of stroke.[Methods] Ischemic stroke patients with leukocyte counts data during the first 24h were included. Genome-wide association study and gene expression studies were performed.[Results] Our genome-wide association study, which included 2064 (Discovery) and 407 (Replication) patients, revealed a new locus (14q24.3) associated with leukocyte counts. After Joint analysis (n=2471) 5 more polymorphisms reached genome-wide significance (P<5×10−8). The 14q24.3 locus was associated with acute stroke outcome (rs112809786, P=0.036) and with ACOT1 and PTGR2 gene expression. Previous polymorphisms associated with leukocyte counts in general-population did not show any significance in our study.[Conclusions] We have found the first locus associated with leukocyte counts in ischemic stroke, also associated with acute outcome. Genetic analysis of acute endophenotypes could be useful to find the genetic factors associated with stroke outcome. Our findings suggested a different modulation of immune cells in stroke compared with healthy conditions.Peer reviewe