58 research outputs found
Impactos socioeconômicos de inundações do Rio Sapucaí na cidade de Itajubá-MG
The person who modifies the drainage system of natural cities, traces the action design of
cities, increasing as consequences resulting from floods, which end up being transformed
into contact with activities and being human. The floods presented can be considered
every year, however, cities can be considered as many of them, but they do not have a
consolidated land use plan, which can be considered as speculation. Recognition of
projects that have not been signed for floods, a consolidated methodology for estimating
those that have not yet been signed, which can support the decision project of public
managers. In this way and for the workforce designed for the city of Itajubá-MG. The
damages in the residences were subdivided into three sub-items, which are: content,
cleaning and building. To delimit the area of influence of Rioucaí, as were caused by
stains of influence of 26 neighborhoods of the city of Itajubá and for these848. For the
estimated limits, data from security sectors and economic limits and security
neighborhoods were used. The closest neighborhoods were Varginha, Porto Velho, Vila
Rubens and Boa Vista. The payment to the city of Itajubá for the 848 meter elevation was
BRL 1,231,506,703.77, which is equivalent to BRL 108.12 per square meter. The results
are satisfactory components, the profit to the building is the main content to the work,
followed by content, vehicle and cleaning. It is concluded that the result of this
dissertation can provide public information on the local and regional level of information
that can be considered economic and more aware of socioeconomic vulnerability, either
because they present a high degree of vulnerability to flood risks.A ação do homem modifica o sistema de drenagem natural, ao traçar o desenho das
cidades, aumentando as consequências resultantes das inundações, que acabam por se
transformar em prejuízos financeiros, quando essas águas entram em contato com as
atividades e benfeitorias humanas. As inundações causam prejuízos significativos a cada
ano, no entanto as cidades brasileiras estão despreparadas, pois muitas delas não possuem
um plano consolidado de uso do solo e podem estar sujeitas a especulação imobiliária.
Apesar dos prejuízos causados pelas inundações, ainda não há uma metodologia
consolidada para estimava dos prejuízos gerados, que possam subsidiar o planejamento e
a tomadas de decisão dos gestores públicos. Dessa forma elaborou-se um modelo para
estimativa de prejuízos causados pelas cheias nas residências e veículos para a cidade de
Itajubá-MG. Os danos nas residências foram subdividos em três subitens que são:
conteúdo, limpeza e edificação. Para deliminar a área de influência do Rio Sapucaí, foram
geradas manchas de inundação para as cotas de 844 até a 848. A mancha de inundação
atingiu 26 bairros da cidade de Itajubá e para estes bairros, foram calculados os prejuízos.
Para efetuar este cálculo, foram utilizados dados dos setores censitários e limites dos
bairros de Itajubá e equações de prejuízos. Os bairros mais afetados foram Varginha,
Porto Velho, São Vicente, Vila Rubens e Boa Vista. O prejuízo para a cidade de Itajubá
para a cota 848 metros foi de R 108,12 por metro
quadrado. Os resultados mostram-se satisfatórios, o prejuízo à edificação é o componente
principal dos prejuízos à residências, seguido por conteúdo, veículo e limpeza. Conclui se que o resultado desta dissertação pode fornecer informações em nível local e regional
das populações que necessitam de um olhar mais atento do poder público, seja por estarem
em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, seja por apresentarem alto grau de
exposição aos riscos de inundaçã
The Socioeconomic Impact of Paralyzed Public Works: Analysis on the University City of the State of Amazonas
The presente research refers to the analysis of the socioeconomic impacts caused by the stoppage of the University City of the State University of Amazonas in the Community Our Lady of Nazareth Lake Test with the objective of investigating the consequences of not observing the principle of efficiency in execution of the work of the University City by its managers, verifying the curret socioeconomic situation of this local population, and finally propose ways to mitigate problems and losses resulting from the stoppage, which is a matter of common interest as it covers all social classes. The research approach is quantitative because it intends to describe a phenomenon of a particular group or Society, its research instrument was the interview. To be eficiente during the execution of a work, it is necessary to have management during the process, so the Executive Branch has instituted laws fo the public Works to be managed efficiently, namely: the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC), instituted by the Decree n° 6.025/2007; the DifferentialContracting Regime (RDC), launched by Law nº 12.462/2011; and the Bidding Law, introduced by Law n° 8.666/1993. These measures sought to reduce delas and stoppages in public Works and the social and economic impacts that might be generated
In vitro efficacy of essential oils against Haematobia irritans
The horn fly (Haematobia irritans) infestation in the cattle in Brazil leads to significant economic damage for livestock. The efficacy of many essential oils has been demonstrated in the control of veterinary ectoparasites. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of four essential oils to adult horn fly control. The essential oil from Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae) was extracted by hydro-distillation, while that the water steam distillation method was used to extract the essential oils from Varronia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. (Boraginaceae), Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. (Zingiberaceae) and Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae). Afterwards, all the essential oils were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC?MS) and Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) for determination of their chemical composition. The bioassays in vitro were performed according to the impregnated filter paper methodology. All the essential oils evaluated in this study exhibited efficacy in vitro against H. irritans. The highest mortality of H. irritans was determined by essential oils from A. zerumbet (100%) and M. suaveolens (96.2%) at 50 mg mL-1. In concentration of 100 mg mL-1 V. curassavica and P. guajava essential oils caused the mortality of 99.2% and 82.8%, respectively. The A. zerumbet, M. suaveolens, V. curassavica and P. guajava essential oils showed in vitro efficacy against H. irritans. Further studies with associations and nanoemultions are necessary to increase the efficacy and stability of these essential oils on field conditions.The horn fly (Haematobia irritans) infestation in the cattle in Brazil leads to significant economic damage for livestock. The efficacy of many essential oils has been demonstrated in the control of veterinary ectoparasites. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of four essential oils to adult horn fly control. The essential oil from Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae) was extracted by hydro-distillation, while that the water steam distillation method was used to extract the essential oils from Varronia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. (Boraginaceae), Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. (Zingiberaceae) and Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae). Afterwards, all the essential oils were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC?MS) and Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) for determination of their chemical composition. The bioassays in vitro were performed according to the impregnated filter paper methodology. All the essential oils evaluated in this study exhibited efficacy in vitro against H. irritans. The highest mortality of H. irritans was determined by essential oils from A. zerumbet (100%) and M. suaveolens (96.2%) at 50 mg mL-1. In concentration of 100 mg mL-1 V. curassavica and P. guajava essential oils caused the mortality of 99.2% and 82.8%, respectively. The A. zerumbet, M. suaveolens, V. curassavica and P. guajava essential oils showed in vitro efficacy against H. irritans. Further studies with associations and nanoemulsions are necessary to increase the efficacy and stability of these essential oils on field conditions
Conforto térmico de bovinos da raça nelore a pasto sob diferentes condições de sombreamento e a pleno sol
Caracterização nutricional e compostos antioxidantes em resíduos de polpas de frutas tropicais
The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study
AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease
ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America
Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE EXTRATO DE ALGA NA CULTURA DA BATATA
No presente trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da aplicação foliar do extrato da alga Ascophyllum nodosum no crescimento e produtividade da cultura da batata. O experimento foi conduzido dentro de uma área de plantio comercial de batata no município de Itapetininga-SP. Utilizou-se a variedade Asterix, em um delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de cinco doses de extrato de alga Ascophyllun nodosum, 0; 0,5; 1; 2; e 4 L ha-1, aplicado às plantas via foliar. Ao longo do ciclo foram avaliadas as variáveis: altura da planta; número de hastes por planta; intensidade de coloração verde da folha (ICV); concentração de nutrientes nas folhas e área foliar da quarta folha. Ao final quantificou-se o número de tubérculos por planta, a produtividade total e comercial das batatas. As soluções contendo extrato de algas promoveram maior crescimento das plantas. A solução contendo 4 L ha-1 de extrato de alga proporcionou a produção de tubérculos de maior diâmetro e a maior produtividade
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