Uma análise da gestão do Fundo de Combate e Erradicação da Pobreza do Estado da Paraíba - FUNCEP - PB 2011-2014

Poverty can be understood as a social phenomenon that stems from multiple and different causes related to shortage of inputs necessary for a life with dignity. Paraíba is possibly understood as a poor state as it occupies in the state ranking of the Human Development Index (IDHM) of 2010, the 23rd place among all Brazilian states and also has 16.3% of the state population living below the poverty line according to Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2010. To resolve this socially vulnerable, the state carries out actions that seek to improve social indicators, through complementary policies such as those carried out by Fund for Combating and Eradication of Poverty in the State of Paraiba (FUNCEP / PB), which has to analyze its management, the financing of actions and programs for the fight against poverty in Paraiba, the nature of all the funded activities and projects and the criteria for selection and prioritization of these within the period of 2011 to 2014, checking the performance of FUNCEP / PB together with the municipalities. Which was obtained as a result is still needed some actions to enlarge the bottom of the playing field, since it does not meet all State of Paraiba, although it has shown positive results in the financing of municipalities projects and non-governmental bodies which address assistance to the elderly, productive social inclusion, promote quality of life and respect for the environment, and seek to ensure basic education and professional qualification.A pobreza pode ser compreendida como sendo um fenômeno social que decorre de múltiplas e diferentes causas relacionadas a escassez de insumos necessários para uma vida com dignidade. A Paraíba é possivelmente compreendida como um estado pobre uma vez que ocupa no ranking estadual do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) do ano de 2010, o 23º lugar entre todos os Estados da Federação e também apresenta 16,3% da população do estado vivendo abaixo da linha de pobreza de acordo com Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) em 2010. Para dirimir essa situação de vulnerabilidade social, o Estado realiza ações complementares que buscam melhorar os indicadores sociais, através de políticas públicas complementares, como as realizadas pelo Fundo de Combate e Erradicação da Pobreza no Estado da Paraíba (FUNCEP/PB), objeto de estudo, que apresenta como objetivo analisar a sua gestão, o financiamento das ações e programas voltados para o combate à pobreza na Paraíba, a natureza do conjunto das ações e projetos financiados e, os critérios utilizados para seleção e priorização destes dentro do período de 2011 a 2014, verificando a atuação do FUNCEP/PB junto aos municípios do Estado. Onde obteve-se como resultado que ainda são necessárias algumas ações para ampliar o campo de atuação do fundo, uma vez que não atende todo Estado da Paraíba, embora tenha apresentado resultados positivos no financiamento de projetos de prefeituras e órgãos não-governamentais que visam dar assistência ao idoso, inclusão sociais produtiva, promover a qualidade de vida e o respeito ao meio ambiente, além de procurar garantir educação básica e qualificação profissional

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

APLICAÇÃO DE METODOLOGIA ATIVA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA.

O artigo objetiva relatar, de forma crítica e reflexiva, a experiência vivenciada por um grupo de pós-graduandos em enfermagem durante a implementação de metodologias ativas de ensino. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, de um trabalho desenvolvido em instituição de ensino superior federal. Os participantes da ação foram 16 profissionais da área da saúde. A atividade foi sistematizada em quatro momentos, a partir dos objetivos instrucionais propostos pela “Taxonomia de Bloom”. A ação educativa envolveu a dinâmica de grupo do World Café, exposição dialogada e roda de conversa. Resultados: conseguiu-se concluir o processo educativo a partir da execução das metodologias propostas, driblando os desafios e entraves que surgiam ao longo das etapas/momentos. Conclusão: a experiência permitiu constatar que a aplicação de métodos ativos de ensino e aprendizado é imprescindível para a construção do conhecimento libertador, da emancipação e da autonomia dos sujeitos educativos.Palavras-chave: Ensino. Educação Continuada. Métodos. ACTIVE METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO THE TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS: A CASE STUDYAbstract: this article aims to critically and the reflectively report a nursing graduate student group’s experience during the implementation of active educational methodologies. Method: it is a descriptive study on an activity developed in a federal higher education institution. The participants of this action were 16 health care professionals. The activity was systematized in four stages based on the educational objectives proposed by the Bloom taxonomy. The educational action involved the group dynamics of the "World Cafe", based on dialogues and conversation circles. Results: we were able to complete the educational process with the application of the proposed methodologies, overcoming the challenges and obstacles that arose along the stages. Conclusion: the experience has shown that the application of active methods of teaching and learning is essential to the construction of the educational subjects’ liberating knowledge, emancipation and autonomy.Keywords: Teaching. Continuing Education. Methods

Uma SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT E FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM ESTUDANTES DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE: uma análise transversal

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre universitários da área da saúde e a sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e acadêmicas. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 231 universitários da área da saúde entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2020. Aplicou-se o Maslach Burnout Inventory/ Student Survey para avaliar a Síndrome de Burnout e associou-se um questionário para levantamento das variáveis sociodemográficas e acadêmicas. A associação entre variáveis categóricas foi avaliada por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Considerou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout foi de 31,2%. A variável curso apresentou significância estatística (p<0,05) para Síndrome de Burnout, com maior prevalência nos alunos dos cursos de Medicina Veterinária e Odontologia. Conclusão: há indícios de alta prevalência de Síndrome de Burnout entre universitários da área da saúde.Descritores: Burnout. Estudantes. Saúde Mental. Esgotamento Psicológico. Qualidade de Vida

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora