1,003 research outputs found
Šutnja straha, strahom utiŔano i strah od Ŕutnje
Although the aim of this paper is primarily to provide a theoretical contribution to our understanding of silence, it is also based on an ethnographic study conducted in Lika, a region of Croatia marked by a history of conflict and violence. Silence, in addition to having diverse functions and effects, is also characterised by different durations (it can be measured in seconds as well as in decades). It can be, and often is, filled with other potentially communicable non-verbal aspects (emotions and affects, gestures, sounds, etc.). It can also be more or less dependent on ā and even steered by ā the opinions, experiences and viewpoints of other individuals and communities. In short, this paper deals with the silences found in the course of the research within the framework of numerous typologies of silence, focusing on contextually dependent and ambivalent effects of silence, its āemptinessā, duration and actors (both individuals and communities). This paper deals with silences and silencing at the macrolevel (which includes their affective and social functions), as well as their effect at the microlevel of interpersonal interaction, everyday life and fieldwork encounters. The effects of the network of silences on the public presentation of the findings resulting from studying silence will also be discussed.Iako je rad zamiÅ”ljen kao teorijski prilog razumijevanju razliÄitih praksi Å”utnje koje su povezane s povijeÅ”Äu konflikta i nasilja, on se temelji na istraživanju koje je provedeno u Lici, hrvatskoj regiji koju autorica prepoznaje kao lokalitet koji je rezervoar strahova, anksioznosti, trauma i njima pripadajuÄih Å”utnji s dugom povijesti. Osim Å”to Å”utnja ima razliÄite funkcije i uÄinke, ona ima i vrlo raznoliku trajnost (može se mjeriti sekundama, ali i desetljeÄima), može biti i Äesto jest popunjena drugim potencijalno komunikabilnim neverbalnim aspektima (emocijama i afektima, gestama, zvukovima i sl.) te može biti viÅ”e ili manje ovisna o miÅ”ljenjima, iskustvima i stavovima drugih pojedinaca i zajednica te upravljana njima. Ukratko, u tekstu se Å”utnje zabilježene tijekom istraživanja promatraju u okviru brojnih tipologija Å”utnje te se pomnije razmatraju kontekstualno ovisni i ambivalentni uÄinci Å”utnje, njezine āpraznineā, trajanje i njezini akteri (pojedinci i zajednice). U tekstu se raspravlja o Å”utnjama i utiÅ”avanjima na makrorazini te njihovim afektivnim i druÅ”tvenim funkcijama kao i o njihovim uÄincima na mikrorazini u interpersonalnim interakcijama i svakodnevnom životu, etnografskim susretima. Raspravlja se i o reperkusijama mreže Å”utnji na javnu prezentaciju rezultata istraživanja Å”utnje
Ubojite Ŕutnje? Mržnja, strah i njihove Ŕutnje
This paper focuses on providing answers to three basic research questions on the basis of political discourse in Croatia (which produces fear through the use of explicit and implicit speech of exclusion and often also hate speech) and research into marginalized groupsā personal narratives of fear and anxiety. First, how is hate narratively shaped in public discourse and personal narratives? Second, how does the language of hate affect those who are designated as objects of hate? Third, can and to what degree do the subjects of anxiety/fear (i.e. the explicit object of hate) narrate their experience and emotional response to hate? The author is interested in the places in which hate (which is itself marked by silence) generates fear and silence, the places in which hate erodes the subjectsā need for intersubjectivity and leads to a deep sense of isolation and being silent, and which also sometimes leads to articulated resistance.Na primjeru politiÄkog diskursa u Hrvatskoj koji eksplicitnim i implicitnim govorom iskljuÄivanja, a Äesto i mržnje proizvodi strah te istraživanja osobnog pripovijedanja straha i tjeskobe marginaliziranih skupina autorica želi ponuditi odgovor na tri temeljna istraživaÄka pitanja. Prvo, kako se mržnja narativno oblikuje, podjednako u javnom diskursu i osobnim pripovijestima? Drugo, kako jezik mržnje utjeÄe na one koji su oznaÄeni kao objekti mržnje? TreÄe, može li i do koje mjere subjekt anksioznosti/straha (koji je eksplicitni objekt mržnje) pripovijedati svoj doživljaj i emocionalni odgovor na mržnju? Autorica se zanima za mjesta u kojima mržnja (koja je i sama obilježena Å”utnjom) proizvodi strah i Å”utnju, odnosno mjesta na kojima mržnja doprinosi potkopavanju potrebe subjekta za intersubjektivnoÅ”Äu i proizvodi duboki osjeÄaj izolacije i bivanja u Å”utnji, ali katkada i artikulirani otpor
Osobna pripovijest, teorije zavjere i (ne)pripadanje: iskustva rata, izmjeÅ”tanja i otuÄenja
The goal of this paper is to examine affective responses to institutionalised narratives on the genesis, course and consequences of the 1990s conflict in Croatia, which coexist with subjugated knowledge, usually taking the form of conspiracy theories. The paper is based on recent fieldwork research. The author examines the ways of forming different personal narratives dominated by the motifs of home, displacement, (not) belonging, and narratives close to conspiracy theories which are incorporated into personal accounts. The author sees conspiracy theories as an attempt to understand the gravity and ambivalence of every (post) war experience, as a possible loosening of the knot that emerged at the intersection between the personal and the collective, the cognitive and the emotional, ethnic identity (be it majority or minority) and citizenship, the desirable and the undesirable, home and leaving home.Na osnovi etnografskoga terenskog istraživanja na podruÄju Hrvatske cilj je istražiti afektivne odgovore na institucionalizirane narative o genezi, tijeku i posljedicama sukoba 1990-ih godina u Hrvatskoj koji supostoje s podÄinjenim, popularnim znanjima najÄeÅ”Äe oblikovanim u obliku teorija zavjere. Autorica promatra naÄine oblikovanja razliÄitih osobnih pripovijesti u kojima dominiraju motivi doma, izbjegliÅ”tva, (ne)pripadnosti te pripovijesti bliskih teorijama zavjere koje se upisuju u osobne pripovijesti. Teorije zavjere autorica promatra kao pokuÅ”aj razumijevanja težine i ambivalentnosti svakoga (po)ratnog iskustva, kao moguÄe razrjeÅ”enje Ävora nastalog na sjeciÅ”tu osobnoga i kolektivnoga, kognitivnoga i emocionalnoga, etniÄkoga (veÄinskog, manjinskog) i graÄanskoga, poželjnoga i nepoželjnoga, doma i njegova napuÅ”tanja
THE SCALE AND EFFECT OF PUBLIC INVESTMENTS IN FLOOD CONTROL INFRASTRUCTURE IN SERBIA FROM 2009 TO 2021
Flood control structures play an important role in saving lives and property during floods, especially due to climate change issues. The construction, reconstruction, and rehabilitation of hydraulic structures are compliant with their maintenance and are performed periodically and preventively in order to achieve their required functional safety. However, over the years, investments in flood protection, i.e. the reduction of possible damage caused by the harmful effects of water, mostly implied investments in embankments. Investments in high dams are insufficient in terms of their importance, structure complexity, and failure risk
Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ - portret muziÄkog stvaraoca
Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ (1904ā1988) was a composer, conductor, pianist, professor, music writer and organizer. A multitalented and versatile creative music figure, he enriched and contributed to the musical life in Serbia in the inter-war and post-war periods in many ways. His compositional oeuvre ā although relatively small ā represents a valuable milestone in the history of Serbian music, most no-tably with the genres of chamber and symphonic music. The monograph Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ ā Portrait of the Music Artist, highlights all of his versatile artistic ac-tivities.
MiloÅ”eviÄ was born in Knjaževac, Serbia in 1904. He started piano studies at the Academie der Tonkunst in Munich (with Professor Eduard Bah) from 1922ā 24, then continued studies of piano, and also composition and conducting at the State Conservatory in Prague, where he studied with professors Jaroslav KÅiÄka (composition) and Pavel DÄdeÄek (conducting). MiloÅ”eviÄ mastered composi-tion with Josef Suk at the Meister School in Prague, and also attended a master class in conducting with Nikolai Malko.
The central position in his professional trajectory was occupied by con-ducting, which lasted for several decades and gave fruitful results. He started as a choir conductor already in his student days in Prague, leading the choir āHlaholā which was quite famous and internationally recognized at that time. After returning to his homeland, MiloÅ”eviÄ was engaged as the Opera conductor in the Belgrade National Theater (from 1932 to 1941), conducting over twenty opera and ballet premieres of both international and domestic works. He was the only Serbian conductor of that time who had five of the most important Mozartās operas on the repertoire (The Magic Flute, Cosi fan tutte, Don Giovanni, The Abduction from the Seraglio , Le nozze di Figaro). At the same time, he also acted as the choir-leader of the Belgrade Singing Society (Beogradsko pevaÄko druÅ”tvo), performing well known cantatas, oratorios and church choir music by DvoÅĆ”k, Handel, Verdi, Mokranjac and others. This important domain of his work is presented in a separate chapter (III. PERIOD OF RISING ā VERSATILE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MUSIC LIFE OF BELGRADE 1932ā1941, III.1, III.2. III.3) and documented with many excerpts from reviews published in daily newspapers and periodicals from the inter-war period.
During the Second World War, MiloÅ”eviÄ was imprisoned in camps in Warburg, NĆ¼rnberg and Hamelburg in Germany. In difficult times and condi-tions, he still managed to organize quite a rich music life, establishing a āMusic Sectionā with a choir, chamber orchestra, giving performances, organizing lec-tures in various fields of music theory. A separate chapter of this book is dedicated to this period of hardship in MiloÅ”eviÄās life, based on the memoirs that he published in a joint collection of memories Muzika iza bodljikavih žica / Music behind Barbed Wires.
After the war, MiloÅ”eviÄ continued with his engagement as the opera con-ductor at The National Theater in Belgrade (1945ā55), then at the Serbian National Theater in Novi Sad (1955ā60), where he acted also as the director for two years. From 1945, Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ was employed as the professor of com-position at the Music Academy; from 1948 he also led a class of conducting, and from 1960ā67 was the Dean of this institution. Among his versatile activities, the book also gives an insight to MiloÅ”eviÄ as a pianist, lecturer and music writer. For many years, he published music reviews in periodicals.
Being the most long-standing and central area of his artistic career, conduct-ing was perhaps the reason why MiloÅ”eviÄ did not manage to compose more. Namely, Sonatina for piano, String Quartet and Symphonietta ā which he com-posed during his studies, are his only three significant works, but their quality positions MiloÅ”eviÄ as an important figure in the history of Serbian music. The value and significance of these three compositions are not only historical in the sense of documenting a period in Serbian music history; these works are highly professional, showcasing a skillful compositional technique, individually round-ed, fresh in ideas, expression and sound even today. As such, they rightfully de-serve to be thoroughly analyzed and that is why the sixth chapter is the longest and most important part of this monograph. The encompassing results of precise analytical interpretation of his compositional oeuvre ā presented here ā are the first of this kind in our musicological-theoretical literature.
The interesting point in MiloÅ”eviÄās compositional expression is that he start-ed with impressionism in the Sonatina, and then stylistically turned to neo-ba-roque and neoclassicism in the String Quartet and Symphonietta. Like many of his fellow composers who studied in Prague (known as The āPrague Groupā) and brought some of the new, contemporary tendencies from Prague back home
ā thus enriching Serbian music, MiloÅ”eviÄ turned to these new tendencies, but they were filtered through his own artistic prism. Thus, the stylistic turn from impressionism to neoclassicism in such a short period (1926ā30) and within only a few compositions, was even more compact and strikingly successful.
The main characteristics of MiloÅ”eviÄās compositional style are: a distinc-tive linear-melodic flow paired with skillful transformations of motifs, leading to thematic unity; polyphonic textures, also displaying his mastery in counter-point techniques; well-orchestrated rhythmic and harmonic ostinatos, and spe-cific sense for rhythmic movement and metric diversity. Harmonic features in the Sonatina show impressionistic obscuring of tonal functions, which evolve to free tonality in the Quartet and atonality in Symphonietta with dissonant chordblocks built of fourths, bi-chords, and āmini-clustersā. MiloÅ”eviÄās treatment of form, on the one hand, shows a traditional starting point (sonata form, rondo, fugue, ternary forms), but it is enriched with individual interventions on the other hand, which lead to merging of different formal patterns. The sonata cy-cle of the String Quartet introduces baroque forms of each movement: Preludio, Passacaglia, Fugue, merging a compressed sonata form of the first movement with imitative and fugato-like sections; the third movement is a rondo form but in a manner of the fugue. The polyphonic texture as being logical in the neo-baroque Quartet, is linked not only to this composition; it is also present in Symphonietta as the result of various counterpoint techniques which MiloÅ”eviÄ masterly employs, and can be observed as one of the defining characteristics of his own compositional style. The use of block-type ostinatos and static ostina-tos with a resulting coloristic effect, the emerging of thematic material from the mutual core, the āsyntheticā principle in section building, along with the harsh and dissonant harmonic structures, fourth-chord blocks, bi-tonal and poly-tonal plains ā all these combined stand as the most significant features of MiloÅ”eviÄās compositional style in Symphonietta.
Sonatina, String Quartet and Symphonietta, despite being his student (and graduation) compositions, show all the attributes of a mature author. Characterized by the richness of thematic ideas, original melodic profile, undu-lating metro-rhythmic sculpting and compositional proficiency, these composi-tions stand not only as his personal creative peak, but represent exemplary pieces in the anthology of Serbian music.Kompozitor, dirigent, pijanista, muziÄki pisac, pedagog, redovni profesor i dekan Fakulteta muziÄke umetnosti, prevodilac, organizator muziÄkog života, druÅ”tveno angažovan poslenik, sve su to bila profesionalne okupacije vezane za ime samo jedne liÄnosti ā Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa, Äije je sveukupno stvaralaÄko zraÄenje ostavilo dubokog traga u izgraÄivanju srpske muziÄke
kulture i umnogome ga na osoben naÄin obogatilo. Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ roÄen je 11. februara 1904. godine u Knjaževcu, malom mestu istoÄne Srbije; preminuo je januara 1988. godine u Beogradu. Autorka ove monografije imala je Äast i zadovoljstvo da liÄno upozna
Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa 1986. godine. Susreti sa njim su se odvijali u prijatnoj poslovnoj atmosferi u njegovom domu u Gogoljevoj ulici na Banovom Brdu. PriÄao je o svojoj mladosti i dolasku u Beograd, evocirao seÄanja sa Å”kolovanja, studija, putovanja, o vremenu provedenom u logoru za vreme Drugog svetskog rata. Govorio je o dirigentskoj i pedagoÅ”koj karijeri. Iako sa izuzetno raznolikim i bogatim životnim i profesionalnim iskustvom,
pripovedao je skromno ali sa žarom, zanimljivo i živo, sa puno duhovitih dosetki. U to vreme, iako u poodmaklim godinama, MiloÅ”eviÄ je radio na svojoj knjizi āO drugima ā o sebiā. Nažalost, u delu zaostavÅ”tine Predraga
MiloÅ”eviÄa, poklonjenom Fakultetu muziÄke umetnosti u Beogradu, nije naÄen trag o ovom rukopisu i nije poznato da li ga je zavrÅ”io. U to vreme je i dalje aktivno pisao i prevodio, i sa budnom pažnjom pratio sva znaÄajnija
dogaÄanja u svim oblastima kulturnog života, Äesto uzimajuÄi i sam uÄeÅ”Äa u njima. Iako tako mnogostranog umetniÄkog profila, celokupna delatnost Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa nije do sada bila predmet Å”ireg, sveobuhvatnog sagledavanja, koji po znaÄaju svakako zaslužuje, te ova monografija ima za cilj da osvetli stvaralaÄki doprinos i ostvareni kvalitet u svim domenima njegovog delovanja
Applicability of linearized Dusty Gas Model for multicomponent diffusion of gas mixtures in porous solids
The transport of gaseous components through porous media could be described according to the well-known Fick model and its modifications. It is also known that Fickās law is not suitable for predicting the fluxes in multicomponent gas mixtures, excluding binary mixtures. This model is still frequently used in chemical engineering because of its simplicity. Unfortunately, besides the Fickās model there is no generally accepted model for mass transport through porous media (membranes, catalysts etc.). Numerous studies on transport through porous media reveal that Dusty Gas Model (DGM) is superior in its ability to predict fluxes in multicomponent mixtures. Its wider application is limited by more complicated calculation procedures comparing to Fickās model. It should be noted that there were efforts to simplify DGM in order to obtain satisfactory accurate results. In this paper linearized DGM, as the simplest form of DGM, is tested under conditions of zero system pressure drop, small pressure drop, and different temperatures. Published experimental data are used in testing the accuracy of the linearized procedure. It is shown that this simplified procedure is accurate enough compared to the standard more complicated calculations
Nostalgija kao (ne)ozbiljna emocija: igre i igraÄke kao podobjekt nostalgije u svakodnevnim narativnim praksama o djetinjstvu
This paper analyzes the contemporary context of nostalgia, recollection and narration of childhood events on the basis of field notes collected by means of different methodological techniques. The narrative quest for the past produces interpretations of past events and experiences and opens the space to the feeling of nostalgia, or nostalgic stories. This paper aims to present a small portion of the captured everyday life in which games and toys appear as any other subobject or pseudoobject of nostalgia, but with a distance from oneās own childhood experience. We utilize Donald Braidās approach which opens the space for observing the transmission of oral personal narratives and the transmission of emotions in and through language.This paper analyzes the contemporary context of nostalgia, recollection and narration of childhood events on the basis of field notes collected by means of different methodological techniques. The narrative quest for the past produces interpretations of past events and experiences and opens the space to the feeling of nostalgia, or nostalgic stories. This paper aims to present a small portion of the captured everyday life in which games and toys appear as any other subobject or pseudoobject of nostalgia, but with a distance from oneās own childhood experience. We utilize Donald Braidās approach which opens the space for observing the transmission of oral personal narratives and the transmission of emotions in and through language
ZnaÄaj združenih useva u organskoj proizvodnji lekovitog i aromatiÄnog bilja
Organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants is consistent with numerous regulations; hence it is under strict legal control. It implies a production system that does not disturb the naturally consistent balance of ecosystems in which plants are grown, taking into account the preservation of healing properties of derivatives obtained by further processing thereof. This production can be established on virgin lands, or those used for agricultural production but without the application of synthetic chemicals, for a period of at least two years. The main cultivated medicinal and aromatic plants in Serbia are: rosemary, coriander, chamomile, peppermint, lemon balm, valerian, thyme, etc. Weeds are the most serious problem in the organic production system of these plants, while damages caused by diseases are not economically significant. Intercropping in the organic cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is the simplest and, at the same time, a very efficient method to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, since the use of pesticides is not allowed in the organic production system. Plant cultivation in this system, in relation to continuous cropping, contributes to increased biodiversity, better utilisation of natural resources, higher yields of many plants and reduced abundance of weeds and pests. Moreover, it is very important to emphasise that the effects of intercropping on the quality of an agroecosystem and plants themselves are great, which further leads to a more efficient ability of plants to develop resistance to insects and numerous pathogens.Organska proizvodnja lekovitog i aromatiÄnog bilja usklaÄena je sa brojnim regulativama, te se nalazi pod strogom zakonskom kontrolom. Podrazumeva takav sistem proizvodnje koji neÄe naruÅ”iti prirodno usklaÄenu ravnotežu ekosistema u kome se bilje gaji, vodeÄi pritom raÄuna o oÄuvanju lekovitosti derivata koji se dobijaju daljom preradom istih. Organska proizvodnja lekovitog i aromatiÄnog bilja može se zasnivati na deviÄanskim zemljiÅ”tima ili zemljiÅ”tima iz poljoprivredne proizvodnje na kojima nije bilo upotrebe sintetiÄkih hemikalija u periodu od najmanje dve godine. MeÄu gajenim vrstama lekovitog i aromatiÄnog bilja u Srbiji, najveÄu proizvodnju zauzimaju ruzmarin, korijander, kamilica, nana, matiÄnjak, valerijana, majÄina duÅ”ica, a od samoniklih vrsta kantarion, hajduÄka trava, žalfija, kleka, lovor, smilje, bor i druge vrste. NajveÄi problem u organskom sistemu proizvodnje ovog bilja predstavljaju korovi, dok bolesti ne Äine ekonomski znaÄajne Å”tete. Primena združenih useva u organskom uzgoju lekovitog i aromatiÄnog bilja najjednostavniji je, a pritom veoma efikasan naÄin da se redukuje pojava Å”tetoÄina i bolesti, s obzirom na to da u organskom sistemu proizvodnje nije dozvoljena upotreba pesticida. Uzgojem biljaka u ovom sistemu, u odnosu na monokulturu, poveÄava se biodiverzitet, bolje se iskoriÅ”Äavaju resursi iz prirodnog okruženja, poveÄava se prinos mnogih biljaka, smanjuje brojnost korova i Å”tetoÄina, a takoÄe, Å”to je veoma bitno istaÄi, združeni usevi imaju veÄi uticaj na kvalitet agroekosistema i samih biljaka, Å”to dalje utiÄe na efikasniju sposobnost biljaka u stvaranju otpornosti prema insektima i mnogim patogenima
Structural and Antioxidative Features of Chlorogenic Acid
This work contributes to the structure clarification of chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5CQA) by comparing the experimental and simulated IR, Raman, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and UV-vis spectra. The lowest-energy conformers in the gas-phase and solution were used for all calculations. Very good agreement between all experimental and simulated spectra indicates correct arrangement of the atoms in the 5CQA molecule. In addition, the bond dissociation enthalpies, proton affinities, electron transfer enthalpies, ionization potentials, and proton dissociation enthalpies for 5CQA were used for thermodynamic consideration of the major antioxidative mechanisms: HAT (Hydrogen Atom Transfer), SPLET (Sequential Proton-Loss Electron-Transfer), and SET-PT (Single Electron Transfer ā Proton Transfer). It was found that HAT may be the predominant mechanism in nonpolar solvents, while HAT and SPLET are competitive pathways in polar media.
All quantum-chemical calculations were carried out by means of the MN12-SX method. Its performance is similar to those of the B3LYP-D2, B3LYP-D3, and M06-2X functionals.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Bibliografija Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa
Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ (1904ā1988) was a composer, conductor, pianist, professor, music writer and organizer. A multitalented and versatile creative music figure, he enriched and contributed to the musical life in Serbia in the inter-war and post-war periods in many ways. His compositional oeuvre ā although relatively small ā represents a valuable milestone in the history of Serbian music, most no-tably with the genres of chamber and symphonic music. The monograph Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ ā Portrait of the Music Artist, highlights all of his versatile artistic ac-tivities. MiloÅ”eviÄ was born in Knjaževac, Serbia in 1904. He started piano studies at the Academie der Tonkunst in Munich (with Professor Eduard Bah) from 1922ā 24, then continued studies of piano, and also composition and conducting at the State Conservatory in Prague, where he studied with professors Jaroslav KÅiÄka (composition) and Pavel DÄdeÄek (conducting). MiloÅ”eviÄ mastered composi-tion with Josef Suk at the Meister School in Prague, and also attended a master class in conducting with Nikolai Malko. The central position in his professional trajectory was occupied by con-ducting, which lasted for several decades and gave fruitful results. He started as a choir conductor already in his student days in Prague, leading the choir āHlaholā which was quite famous and internationally recognized at that time. After returning to his homeland, MiloÅ”eviÄ was engaged as the Opera conductor in the Belgrade National Theater (from 1932 to 1941), conducting over twenty opera and ballet premieres of both international and domestic works. He was the only Serbian conductor of that time who had five of the most important Mozartās operas on the repertoire (The Magic Flute, Cosi fan tutte, Don Giovanni, The Abduction from the Seraglio , Le nozze di Figaro). At the same time, he also acted as the choir-leader of the Belgrade Singing Society (Beogradsko pevaÄko druÅ”tvo), performing well known cantatas, oratorios and church choir music by DvoÅĆ”k, Handel, Verdi, Mokranjac and others. This important domain of his work is presented in a separate chapter (III. PERIOD OF RISING ā VERSATILE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MUSIC LIFE OF BELGRADE 1932ā1941, III.1, III.2. III.3) and documented with many excerpts from reviews published in daily newspapers and periodicals from the inter-war period. During the Second World War, MiloÅ”eviÄ was imprisoned in camps in Warburg, NĆ¼rnberg and Hamelburg in Germany. In difficult times and condi-tions, he still managed to organize quite a rich music life, establishing a āMusic Sectionā with a choir, chamber orchestra, giving performances, organizing lec-tures in various fields of music theory. A separate chapter of this book is dedicated to this period of hardship in MiloÅ”eviÄās life, based on the memoirs that he published in a joint collection of memories Muzika iza bodljikavih žica / Music behind Barbed Wires. After the war, MiloÅ”eviÄ continued with his engagement as the opera con-ductor at The National Theater in Belgrade (1945ā55), then at the Serbian National Theater in Novi Sad (1955ā60), where he acted also as the director for two years. From 1945, Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ was employed as the professor of com-position at the Music Academy; from 1948 he also led a class of conducting, and from 1960ā67 was the Dean of this institution. Among his versatile activities, the book also gives an insight to MiloÅ”eviÄ as a pianist, lecturer and music writer. For many years, he published music reviews in periodicals. Being the most long-standing and central area of his artistic career, conduct-ing was perhaps the reason why MiloÅ”eviÄ did not manage to compose more. Namely, Sonatina for piano, String Quartet and Symphonietta ā which he com-posed during his studies, are his only three significant works, but their quality positions MiloÅ”eviÄ as an important figure in the history of Serbian music. The value and significance of these three compositions are not only historical in the sense of documenting a period in Serbian music history; these works are highly professional, showcasing a skillful compositional technique, individually round-ed, fresh in ideas, expression and sound even today. As such, they rightfully de-serve to be thoroughly analyzed and that is why the sixth chapter is the longest and most important part of this monograph. The encompassing results of precise analytical interpretation of his compositional oeuvre ā presented here ā are the first of this kind in our musicological-theoretical literature. The interesting point in MiloÅ”eviÄās compositional expression is that he start-ed with impressionism in the Sonatina, and then stylistically turned to neo-ba-roque and neoclassicism in the String Quartet and Symphonietta. Like many of his fellow composers who studied in Prague (known as The āPrague Groupā) and brought some of the new, contemporary tendencies from Prague back home ā thus enriching Serbian music, MiloÅ”eviÄ turned to these new tendencies, but they were filtered through his own artistic prism. Thus, the stylistic turn from impressionism to neoclassicism in such a short period (1926ā30) and within only a few compositions, was even more compact and strikingly successful. The main characteristics of MiloÅ”eviÄās compositional style are: a distinc-tive linear-melodic flow paired with skillful transformations of motifs, leading to thematic unity; polyphonic textures, also displaying his mastery in counter-point techniques; well-orchestrated rhythmic and harmonic ostinatos, and spe-cific sense for rhythmic movement and metric diversity. Harmonic features in the Sonatina show impressionistic obscuring of tonal functions, which evolve to free tonality in the Quartet and atonality in Symphonietta with dissonant chordblocks built of fourths, bi-chords, and āmini-clustersā. MiloÅ”eviÄās treatment of form, on the one hand, shows a traditional starting point (sonata form, rondo, fugue, ternary forms), but it is enriched with individual interventions on the other hand, which lead to merging of different formal patterns. The sonata cy-cle of the String Quartet introduces baroque forms of each movement: Preludio, Passacaglia, Fugue, merging a compressed sonata form of the first movement with imitative and fugato-like sections; the third movement is a rondo form but in a manner of the fugue. The polyphonic texture as being logical in the neo-baroque Quartet, is linked not only to this composition; it is also present in Symphonietta as the result of various counterpoint techniques which MiloÅ”eviÄ masterly employs, and can be observed as one of the defining characteristics of his own compositional style. The use of block-type ostinatos and static ostina-tos with a resulting coloristic effect, the emerging of thematic material from the mutual core, the āsyntheticā principle in section building, along with the harsh and dissonant harmonic structures, fourth-chord blocks, bi-tonal and poly-tonal plains ā all these combined stand as the most significant features of MiloÅ”eviÄās compositional style in Symphonietta. Sonatina, String Quartet and Symphonietta, despite being his student (and graduation) compositions, show all the attributes of a mature author. Characterized by the richness of thematic ideas, original melodic profile, undu-lating metro-rhythmic sculpting and compositional proficiency, these composi-tions stand not only as his personal creative peak, but represent exemplary pieces in the anthology of Serbian music.Kompozitor, dirigent, pijanista, muziÄki pisac, pedagog, redovni profesor i dekan Fakulteta muziÄke umetnosti, prevodilac, organizator muziÄkog života, druÅ”tveno angažovan poslenik, sve su to bila profesionalne okupacije vezane za ime samo jedne liÄnosti ā Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa, Äije je sveukupno stvaralaÄko zraÄenje ostavilo dubokog traga u izgraÄivanju srpske muziÄke kulture i umnogome ga na osoben naÄin obogatilo. Predrag MiloÅ”eviÄ roÄen je 11. februara 1904. godine u Knjaževcu, malom mestu istoÄne Srbije; preminuo je januara 1988. godine u Beogradu.
Autorka ove monografije imala je Äast i zadovoljstvo da liÄno upozna Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa 1986. godine. Susreti sa njim su se odvijali u prijatnoj poslovnoj atmosferi u njegovom domu u Gogoljevoj ulici na Banovom Brdu. PriÄao je o svojoj mladosti i dolasku u Beograd, evocirao seÄanja sa
Ŕkolovanja, studija, putovanja, o vremenu provedenom u logoru za vreme Drugog svetskog rata. Govorio je o dirigentskoj i pedagoŔkoj karijeri. Iako sa izuzetno raznolikim i bogatim životnim i profesionalnim iskustvom, pripovedao je skromno ali sa žarom, zanimljivo i živo, sa puno duhovitih
dosetki. U to vreme, iako u poodmaklim godinama, MiloÅ”eviÄ je radio na svojoj knjizi āO drugima ā o sebiā. Nažalost, u delu zaostavÅ”tine Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa, poklonjenom Fakultetu muziÄke umetnosti u Beogradu, nije naÄen trag o ovom rukopisu i nije poznato da li ga je zavrÅ”io. U to vreme je i dalje aktivno pisao i prevodio, i sa budnom pažnjom pratio sva znaÄajnija dogaÄanja u svim oblastima kulturnog života, Äesto uzimajuÄi i sam uÄeÅ”Äa u njima. Iako tako mnogostranog umetniÄkog profila, celokupna delatnost Predraga MiloÅ”eviÄa nije do sada bila predmet Å”ireg, sveobuhvatnog sagledavanja, koji po znaÄaju svakako zaslužuje, te ova monografija ima za cilj da osvetli stvaralaÄki doprinos i ostvareni kvalitet u svim domenima njegovog delovanja
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