Ideological-political orientation of the precariat in Serbia

Doktorska disertacija za svoj predmet istraživanja ima, na jednoj ravni, prekarijat kao društvenu grupaciju u nastanku, a na drugoj, ideološko-političke orijentacije pojedinaca koji se nalaze u prekarnom položaju na tržištu rada u Srbiji. Osnovni ciljevi rada bili su usmereni na utvrđivanje mogućnosti da se prekarijat posmatra kao zasebna klasa ili sloj, kao i otkrivanje potencijalno specifične ideologije koja bi se mogla vezati za prekarijat u Srbiji. Nastojale su se identifikovati osnovne vrednosti koje deli ova društvena grupacija u Srbiji, kako bi se moglo govoriti i o eventualnom potencijalu kolektivnog delanja prekarijata. Najuže, rad je imao za cilj i da utvrdi praktično-političku usmerenost prekarijata u Srbiji, odnosno za koga pripadnici prekarijata u Srbiji glasaju. S obzirom na to da istraživanje prekarijata i prekarnosti kao novog društvenog fenomena još uvek pati od nedovoljne pojmovne i teorijske utemeljenosti, istraživanje u ovoj disertaciji je pre eksplorativnog nego eksplanatornog karaktera. Ispitivane su sledeće hipoteze (istraživačka pitanja): pripadnici prekarijata u Srbiji dele desno orijentisano ideološko usmerenje; nepostojanje jasno uobličenog vrednosnog sistema onemogućava prekarijat da stekne delatni potencijal koji bi mu omogućio promenu sopstvenog položaja; mlađi pripadnici prekarijata, naročito muškarci, ako uopšte izlaze na izbore, glasaju većinom za Srpsku radikalnu stranku, dok među pripadnicama prekarijata generalno prevladava izborna apstinencija, a ako izlaze na izbore, onda ravnomerno glasaju za Srpsku radikalnu stranku i Srpsku naprednu stranku. Primenjena je sekundarna analiza dostupnih podataka, a izvori sekundarne građe bili su: izveštaji i rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja u svetu (pre svega Evropi), istraživanja i teorijska promišljanja drugih istraživača, internet stranice i prezentacije organizovanih pokreta prekarnih radnika; institucionalni i zakonski okvir, te dosadašnja istraživanja prekarnih radnika u Srbiji; empirijski deo rada zasnovan je na podacima nastalim u okviru devete runde Evropskog društvenog istraživanja (European Social Survey). Autorka svesno koristi različita teorijska oruđa u osvetljavanju predmeta analize, što je umnogome uslovljeno samim istraživačkim instrumentom, koji primorava da sociološki realizam ustupi mesto metodološkom individualizmu. Različite teorijske perspektive treba shvatati kao komplementarne, a ne kao rivalske. Na analitičkom nivou konkretnog društva (srpskog) operacionalizacija klase određena je položajem na tržištu rada. Prekarijat se ne posmatra kao homogena društvena grupacija, kao klasa ili sloj, već je reč o tome da se u okviru svake klase razlikuju prekarni i neprekarni položaji, gde prekarne položaje odlikuje nesigurnost na tržištu rada (tzv. pristup individualnih ugovora). U Srbiji se heterogena grupacija ispitanika koji imaju prekarni položaj na tržištu rada identifikuje sa desničarskim ili strankama desnog centra, odnosno sa političkim akterima koji obilato koriste socijalnu demagogiju u svom diskursu, a koji u potpunosti prihvataju osnovna usmerenja ekonomskog liberalizma kao osnove na kojoj počiva neoliberalni oblik kapitalizma. Iako su sve tri hipoteze načelno potvrđene, dobijene nalaze bi trebalo uzeti sa rezervom – pripadnici prekarijata jesu desno orijentisani i glasaju većinski za Srpsku naprednu stranku, ali isto važi i za one koji su u neprekarnom položaju na tržištu rada. Hipoteza o nepostojanju jasno uobličenog vrednosnog sistema koji onemogućava prekarijat da stekne delatni potencijal je u potpunosti potvrđena - pokazana je ideološko-politička dezorijentisanost, za koju bi se pre moglo reći da ima reakcionarni potencijal nego revolucionarni. Uz ogradu da autorka ne može izvesti dalekosežne zaključke, može se reći da prekarijat u Srbiji nije ni klasa po sebi, a kamoli klasa za sebe. Štaviše, još uvek nije reč ni o grupaciji koja bi mogla činiti zaseban sloj, čiji bi pripadnici delili slične životne uslove i poglede na svet. Jednostavno, sama po sebi, prekarnost na tržištu rada još uvek nije dovoljno distinktivna i ključna odrednica na osnovu koje bi se društvo strukturiralo.The subject of this PhD thesis is the precariat as a social group in the making on the one hand, and the ideological and political orientations of individuals in precarious positions in the labour market of Serbia on the other. The main objectives of the thesis have been directed towards determining whether the precariat could be viewed as a separate class or stratum, as well as discovering potentially specific ideologies that could be linked to the precariat in Serbia. The author strives to identify core values shared by this social group in Serbia so as to address the possible potential of the precariat’s social action as well. This thesis aims at investigating the political orientation of the precariat in Serbia, i.e. who the precariat vote for. Inasmuch as the research of the precariat and precarity as new social phenomena is met with insufficient conceptual and theoretical grounding, the research in this thesis is explorative rather than explanatory. The following hypotheses (research questions) have been considered: the precariat in Serbia share the ideological orientation of the political right; the lack of a clearly defined value system prevents the precariat from realising the potential of social action that would enable its members to change their position; the precariat in Serbia (especially younger men), vote predominantly for the Serbian Radical Party (providing they vote to begin with), whereas the precariat in general terms abstain from voting, and if they go to the polls, their votes are evenly split between the Serbian Radical Party and the Serbian Progressive Party. The author applied secondary analysis of existing data, and secondary source materials encompass the following: the reports and results of previous research done abroad (primarily Europe), research and theoretical reflections of other researchers, websites of organised movements of precarious workers; institutional and legal framework, and previous research on precarious workers in Serbia; the empirical part of the thesis is based on the data obtained in the Round IX of the European Social Survey. The author purposefully uses various theoretical tools in order to shed light on the subject of the analysis, which is largely a result of the research instrument itself, which compels social realism to give way to methodological individualism. Different theoretical perspectives are to be perceived as complementary rather than those of rivalry. At the analytical level of a particular society (Serbian), the operationalisation of class is determined by its position in the labour market. The precariat is not observed as a homogeneous social group, class or stratum. Instead, precarious and non-precarious positions are distinguished within each class, where precarious positions are characterised by precarity in the labour market (so-called individual contract approach). The heterogeneous precarious respondents in Serbia identify with right-wing or centre-right political parties, i.e. political agencies that make extensive use of social demagoguery in their discourse and fully embrace the basic orientation of economic liberalism as a foundation upon which neoliberal capitalism is laid. Although all three hypotheses are generally confirmed, the results should be considered with caution – those who consider themselves as part of the precariat share the orientation of the political right, the majority voting for the Serbian Progressive Party, but the same applies to those in a non-precarious position in the labor market. The hypothesis on the lack of a clearly defined value system that prevents the precariat from realising its potential for social action has been fully confirmed – ideological and political disorientation has been proved, which could be said to have reactionary potential rather than revolutionary. With the note that the author cannot draw far-reaching conclusions, it is safe to say that the precariat in Serbia is neither a class in itself, let alone a class for itself. In addition, it is still not a group that could constitute a separate stratum, whose members would share similar living conditions and personal worldviews. In a nutshell, precarity per se is still not sufficiently distinctive in the labour market and does not represent a key determinant of structuring a society

Patients' attitudes and their willingness to pay for Point of care testing services in community pharmaciеs

Увод: Спровођење фармацеутских услуга које обухватају и Point of care тестирање (POCT) у апотекама утиче на унапређење пружања фармацеутских здравствених услуга, а тиме и на унапређење здравствених исхода пацијената. Пре саме имплементације оваквих услуга, поред регулаторних одобрења, потребна су и истраживања ставова грађана о овим услугама и њиховој спремности за плаћање овакве услуге. Циљ рада: Циљеви овог рада јесу испитивање ставова грађана о услугама фармацеута у апотекама које обухватају POCT тестирање, као и њихова спремност за плаћање ових услуга. Материјал и методе: У току овог истраживања спроведена је студија пресека употребом онлајн упитника који је креиран за потребе ове студије. Упитник се састојао из питања која су груписана у више целина: питања о демографским карактеристикама испитаника; питања о ставовима испитаника према фармацеутским услугама у апотекама које обухватају РОСТ и спремност за плаћање ових услуга. Упитник је дистрибуиран путем друштвених мрежа и апликација. Резултати: Испитаници су исказали преференце према више фармацеутских услуга које обухватају РОСТ међу којима се највише истичу услуге одређивања глукозе из крви и мерење крвног притиска. Фармацеутску услугу мерења и саветовања у склопу РОСТ одређивања спремно је да плати 96,77% испитаника. Најзаступљенији ценовни опсег који су пацијенти исказали за плаћање фармацеутских услуга је 100-200 динара. Закључак: На основу добијених резултата могу се извести следећи закључци: велики број испитаника има преференце ка томе да се у апотекама спроводе фармацеутске услуге које укључују различите типове РОСТ и спреман је да плати за ове услуге.Introduction: The implementation of pharmaceutical services, which includes Point of Care Testing (POCT) in pharmacies, affects the improvement of the provision of pharmaceutical health services, and thus the improvement of patients' health outcomes. Prior to implementation of such services, along regulatory approvals, research on the attitudes of patients about these services and their willingness to pay for such services is needed. The Aim: The aim of this paper is to examine the patients' attitudes about the pharmacy services that include POCT testing, as well as their willingness to pay for these services. Material and Methods: For the purpose of this study, a cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was consisted of questions grouped into several sections: questions about the demographic characteristics of the patients; patients' attitudes towards pharmaceutical POCT services in pharmacies, and willingness to pay for these services. The questionnaire was distributed through social networks and applications. Results: Patients expressed preferences for several pharmaceutical POCT services, among which the most prominent services are blood glucose determination and blood pressure measurement. Almost all patients (96.77%) would pay for the pharmaceutical services of measurements and counselling within the POCT determination. The most common price range expressed by patients for the payment of pharmaceutical POCT services was 100-200 RSD. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the following conclusions can be made: a large number of patients had preferences to provide pharmaceutical POCT services in pharmacies and were willing to pay for these services

Podrška putem društvenih mreža iz perspektive osoba oštećenog sluha

Prema podacima Saveza gluvih i nagluvih Srbije, 1% stanovništva naše zemlje čine osobe koje su u potpunosti ili delimično bez sluha (Žižić i Jaslar, 2014). Reč je o heterogenoj populaciji, kako se i sam nedostatak sluha može sagledati u svetlu dva različita modela. Prvi model, model medicinski određene onesposobljenosti, gluvoću određuje kao patološko stanje sa naglaskom na nedostatak slušnog mehanizma (Žižić i Jaslar, 2014). Drugi model, društvenokulturni, dovodi u pitanje shvatanje gluvoće kao invaliditeta, te se ističe mogućnost da je reč o socijalnom konstruktu (Groce, 1985), kako većina gluvih živi u svetu kreiranom od strane onih koji čuju. Prema ovom modelu, gluvoća se određuje kao kulturološki a ne audiološki termin (Žižić i Jaslar, 2014), te se govori o lingvističkom i kulturnom identitetu (Young & Temple, 2014). Iako je u populaciji moguće uočiti razlike u pogledu načina komunikacije, (Napier et al., 2013), ipak je dominantan modalitet znakovni jezik, čija je upotreba najčešće ograničena na zajednice gluvih. Iz tog razloga, gluva lica se suočavaju sa komunikacionim barijerama, te posledično i nedostatkom socijalne podrške u čujućem okruženju, pa čak i u okviru svojih čujućih porodica (Bone, 2018). Pored toga, manjak potrebne podrške se može javiti i u okviru zajednica gluvih, kako je gluvima teško da govore o psihološkim problemima sa drugim gluvim licima zbog straha od moguće kritike i potencijalnog isključenja iz grupe (Žižić i Jaslar, 2014). Socijalna podrška, koja uključuje kako emocionalne forme podrške koje proizilaze iz bliskih odnosa, tako i instrumentalne forme koje se odnose na praktičnu pomoć (Werner-Seidler et al., 2017), smatra se značajnom za mentalno zdravlje pojedinca (Jung et al., 2017), dok se socijalna izopštenost povezuje sa povećanjem rizika od razvijanja mentalnog poremećaja (Huxley & Thornicroft, 2003, prema Du Feu & Chovaz, 2014). Na kraju, društvene mreže kao interaktivni društveni mediji (Vasić, 2010), imaju potencijale u oblasti mentalnog zdravlja kako mogu obezbediti vrednu podršku za one koji se nalaze pod distresom (Shepherd et al., 2015). Povrh toga, društvene mreže imaju i komunikacione pogodnosti za gluva lica, one koje im ranije tehnologije nisu dopuštale, poput video poziva, što odgovara vizuelnosti znakovnog jezika (Valentine & Skelton, 2008).XXVI Nаučnа konferencijа „Pedаgoškа istrаživаnjа i školskа prаksа

Contextual and Psychological Predictors of Militant Extremist Mindset in Youth

The present study aims to identify contextual and psychological factors of proneness to radicalization and violent extremism (RVE) operationalized through the Militant Extremist Mindset scale (MEM) consisting of three distinct aspects: Proviolence (PV), Vile World beliefs (VW), and trust in Divine Power (DP). A community sample of 271 high school students (72% females) from Belgrade and Sandzak regions in Serbia completed: (1) a 24-item MEM scale; (2) contextual measures including a 6-item scale of family dysfunction (FDys) and a 4-item composite measure capturing exposure to a harsh school environment and peer abuse (HSE); (3) psychological measures including the 9-item Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale (RWA), the 5-item Social Dominance Orientation scale (SDO), and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness scale (LON). A path analysis was conducted with contextual factors on the first and psychological factors on the second level of the model predicting the three factors of MEM. LON was positively predicted by FDys and HSE, SDO by HSE only, while RWA was positively predicted by FDys only. Contextual and psychological factors accounted for 27% of the variance in PV (LON, SDO), 15% of the variance in VW (FDys, SDO), and 31% of the variance in DP (RWA). Obtained findings reveal a complex interplay of contextual and psychological drivers in the prediction of different aspects of RVE and build upon existing knowledge on risk factors associated with RVE

UPRAVLJANJE MARKETINŠKIM MIKSOM U TURIZMU : završni rad

Rad ne sadrži sažetak

UPRAVLJANJE MARKETINŠKIM MIKSOM U TURIZMU : završni rad

Rad ne sadrži sažetak

Metric characteristics of a new test for the evaluation of dynamic balance

The aim of the study was to determine psychometric characteristics of a new test for the evaluation of dynamic balance in healthy individuals. The research was conducted on a sample of 60 female students (21.18±.86 years). The participants performed three trials of the new test for each of the two different ways of walking. The results of reliability have shown high values of factor loadings (.91-.97) and standardized Cronbach’s alpha values (.87-.98), as well as the average inter-item correlation values (full feet walking, tip toe walking and the number of steps) (.78-.94). High values of factor loadings (.88-.97) and the fact that the total explained variance was very high (93.3%), with a relatively small variability between the attempts, suggests that all the rules for consistency of testing have been satisfied and that the new test is reliable enough for its application in practice

European Citizenship: Development, Influence, and Challenges

Rad analizira koncept europskog državljanstva, njegove najvažnije aspekte i prava i slobode koje taj koncept podrazumijeva. Proučavaju se najvažniji pravni izvori europskog državljanstva: osnivački ugovori Europske unije, njene regulative i direktive, kao i dugogodišnja sudska praksa koja je imala ključnu ulogu u razvoju ovog koncepta u Europskoj uniji. Posebno se analiziraju prava i slobode europskog državljanjstva, poput prava na slobodu kretanja i prebivališta. Posebno mjesto u ovom radu zauzimaju i sudski precedenti i predmeti pred Europskim sudom pravde koji su oblikovali primjenu prava o europskom državljanstvu, i njihovom analizom ilustruje se povijesni razvoj i pravna transformacija ovog koncepta. U radu se prikazuje i ideološki aspekt europskog državljanstva: ideju europskog identiteta, njen odnos i utjecaj na koncept europskog državljanstva.The authors analyse the concept of European citizenship, its most important aspects and the rights and freedoms it encompasses. The most important legal sources of European citizenship are analysed: the founding treaties of the EU, the regulations and directives of the EU institutions, and the long-term judicial practice of the European Court of Justice that has played a key role in the development of this area of EU law. The paper further explores the rights and freedoms of European citizenship, such as the freedom of movement and residence, in order to better comprehend the complexity of European citizenship law. The paper also takes a deeper look into the case law of the ECJ, and the manner it has changed the interpretation of the law on European citizenship. By analysing certain landmark cases, the paper illustrates the historical development and legal transformation the concept has undergone. Finally, the paper explores the ideological aspect of European citizenship – the idea of European identity and its influence on European citizenship – to better understand the driving forces and ideals behind the concep

Mutual impact of different parameters in yield monitoring

Pri merenju i analizi lokacijski specifičnog prinosa poznatijeg kao monitoring prinosa u okviru šireg ciklusa precizne poljoprivrede meri se oko 30 parametara od interesa za mapiranje prinosa i šire. Najvažniji parametri uz podrazumevana tri parametra koja definišu lokaciju (latituda, longituda i elevacija) su maseni prinos zrna i vlažnost zrna. Uz ove podatke tokom monitoringa prinosa u ovom radu posmatrani su i temperatura zrna, brzina kretanja kombajna i odstupanje preciznosti lociranja (DOP). Jednostavnim statističkim testiranjem korelacije između ovih parametara utvrđen je nivo međusobnog uticaja, između ostalog i stepen uticaja svih navedenih i posmatranih parametara na prinos, kao odgovor na istraživačko pitanje da li na prinos utiče još neki parametar osim lokacije i fizičko-hemijskih osobina zemljišta na toj lokaciji. Utvrđen je različit stepen uticajnosti, ali nije otkriven ni jedan značajan dodatni uticaj na prinos izračunat posredstvom merenja i makon samog merenja. Za monitoring prinosa pri žetvi semenske pšenice na imanju 'Mladost' PKB, Tabla 2, korišćen je kombajn Class Lexion 450 sa nadograđenim sistemom za monitoring AGL Technology proizvođača. Za statističku analizu korišćena je parametarska metoda korelacije u okviru softverskog paketa SPSS Statistics v.21.When measuring and analyzing site-specific yield known as the yield monitoring within a wider cycle of precise agriculture, about 30 parameters are measured from inertia for mapping yields. The most important parameters with the default three parameters that define the location (latitude, longitude and elevation) are mass grain yield and grain moisture. In addition to this data during the yield monitoring, the temperature of the grain, speed of the combine and delution of precision (DOP) were also observed in this paper. By simple statistical testing of the correlation between these parameters, the level of mutual influence was determined, among other things, the degree of influence of all mentioned and observed parameters on yield, in response to the research question whether the yield affects another parameter other than the location and physical and chemical properties of the land at that location . A different degree of influence was determined, but no significant additional impact on the yield was calculated by measuring and measuring the measurement itself. For the monitoring of the yield of seed wheat harvesting on the 'Mladost' PKB, Tabla 2, the Class Lexion 450 harvester with an upgraded system for monitoring the AGL Technology manufacturer was used. For the statistical analysis, the parametric method of correlation within the software package SPSS Statistics v.21 was used

Alelski profil izolata Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris sa kupusa u Srbiji

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causal agent of black rot disease of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.), is one of the most important bacteria which affect proper cabbage growth, leading to head weight and quality losses and thereby drastically reducing its marketing value. The pathogen is genetically diverse, which is evident from the presence of eleven races worldwide and more than thirty combinations of allelic profiles. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the allelic profiles of Serbian cabbage Xcc strains obtained in 2014. The analysis was done on three selected Xcc strains whose DNA was first amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with four housekeeping genes - P-XdnaK, fyuA, gyrB, and rpoD, then sequenced, and the obtained sequences were finally used to determine allelic profiles. Allelic profiles were determined by comparison with 33 Xcc strains obtained from different hosts and regions, whose allelic profiles had been determined previously. A non-redundant database (NRDB) from the pubMLST was used for allelic profile determination and Phyloviz software for constructing a minimum spanning tree. The obtained allelic profile of all Serbian Xcc cabbage strains was 1, 3, 1, 1 for the P-X-dnaK, fyuA, gyrB and rpoD genes, respectively. This profile is assigned as sequence type 2 (ST2) and it coincides with a Portuguese B. oleracea Xcc strain, CPBF 213, originating from B. oleracea var. costata. No connection between sequence type (ST) and the host was detected.Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), prouzrokovač crne truleži kupusa (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) svrstava se među najvažnije fitopatogene bakterije koje utiču na pravilno razviće kupusa, dovodeći do gubitka težine glavice i njenog kvaliteta i na taj način drastično smanjuje njegovu ekonomsku vrednost. Ovaj patogen je genetički heterogen, što se ogleda kroz prisustvo dokazanih jedanaest rasa i više od trideset kombinacija alelskih profila širom sveta. Zbog svega navedenog, cilj ovog rada je determinacija alelskih profila Xcc sojeva poreklom sa kupusa prikupljenih 2014. godine. Analiza je vršena kod tri reprezentativna Xcc soja čija je DNK amplifikovana primenom lančane reakcije polimeraze (PCR) sa četiri konzervativna gena - dnaK, fyuA, gyrB i rpoD, a zatim sekvencirana i korišćena za determinaciju alelskih profila. Alelski profili su određivani poređenjem sa 33 Xcc soja izolovana sa različitih domaćina i regiona, čiji su alelski profili prethodno utvrđeni. Nonredundant baza podataka (NRDB) od pubMLST je korišćena za determinaciju alaleskih profila, a Phyloviz softver za konstrukciju Minimum Spanning stabla. Dobijeni alelski profil za sve Xcc sojeve sa kupusa iz Srbije je 1, 3, 1, 1 za gene dnaK, fyuA, gyrB i rpoD, redom. Ovaj profil je označen kao tip sekvence 2 (ST2) i podudara se sa portugalskim B. oleracea Xcc sojem CPBF 213 poreklom sa B. oleracea var. costata. Veza između tipa sekvence (ST) i biljke domaćina nije pronađena